Obesity, alcohol, and tobacco as risk factors for cancers of the esophagus and gastric cardia: adenocarcinoma versus squamous cell carcinoma
Adenocarcinomas of the esophagus and gastric cardia were once rare. However, for unknown reasons, their incidence has been increasing rapidly over the past 15 years in the United States and parts of Western Europe. In contrast, the incidence of esophageal squamous cell carcinomas has remained relati...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention biomarkers & prevention, 1995-03, Vol.4 (2), p.85-92 |
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| creator | Vaughan, T L Davis, S Kristal, A Thomas, D B |
| description | Adenocarcinomas of the esophagus and gastric cardia were once rare. However, for unknown reasons, their incidence has been
increasing rapidly over the past 15 years in the United States and parts of Western Europe. In contrast, the incidence of
esophageal squamous cell carcinomas has remained relatively constant. To investigate possible reasons for these diverging
incidence rates we analyzed data from two population-based case-control studies of cancers of the esophagus and gastric cardia
that were conducted among male and female residents of western Washington between 1983 and 1990. Information on body mass
index, cigarette use, alcohol intake, and other possible risk factors was collected via personal interviews with 404 cases
or their next of kin (including 298 adenocarcinomas and 106 squamous cell carcinomas) and 724 controls identified by random
digit dialing. Use of alcohol and cigarettes were significant risk factors for both histological types. The increase in risk
for current smokers of 80 or more pack-years compared to nonsmokers was substantially higher for squamous cell cancer [odds
ratio (OR) = 16.9; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 4.1-69.1] than for adenocarcinoma (OR = 3.4; 95% CI = 1.4-8.0), as was the
increase for persons who typically drank 21 or more drinks/week compared to those who drank |
| format | Article |
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increasing rapidly over the past 15 years in the United States and parts of Western Europe. In contrast, the incidence of
esophageal squamous cell carcinomas has remained relatively constant. To investigate possible reasons for these diverging
incidence rates we analyzed data from two population-based case-control studies of cancers of the esophagus and gastric cardia
that were conducted among male and female residents of western Washington between 1983 and 1990. Information on body mass
index, cigarette use, alcohol intake, and other possible risk factors was collected via personal interviews with 404 cases
or their next of kin (including 298 adenocarcinomas and 106 squamous cell carcinomas) and 724 controls identified by random
digit dialing. Use of alcohol and cigarettes were significant risk factors for both histological types. The increase in risk
for current smokers of 80 or more pack-years compared to nonsmokers was substantially higher for squamous cell cancer [odds
ratio (OR) = 16.9; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 4.1-69.1] than for adenocarcinoma (OR = 3.4; 95% CI = 1.4-8.0), as was the
increase for persons who typically drank 21 or more drinks/week compared to those who drank <7/week (OR = 9.5; 95% CI = 4.1-22.3
versus OR = 1.8; 95% CI = 1.1-3.1). For squamous cell carcinoma, body mass index was inversely associated with risk, whereas
for adenocarcinoma, the highest risk was observed among persons who were in the highest decile of body mass index (OR = 1.9;
95% CI = 1.1-3.2).</description><identifier>ISSN: 1055-9965</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1538-7755</identifier><identifier>PMID: 7742727</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: American Association for Cancer Research</publisher><subject>Adenocarcinoma - epidemiology ; Adult ; Age Factors ; Aged ; Alcohol Drinking - epidemiology ; Body Mass Index ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - epidemiology ; Cardia ; Case-Control Studies ; Esophageal Neoplasms - epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Obesity - epidemiology ; Population Surveillance ; Risk Factors ; Sex Factors ; Smoking - epidemiology ; Stomach Neoplasms - epidemiology ; Washington - epidemiology</subject><ispartof>Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention, 1995-03, Vol.4 (2), p.85-92</ispartof><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7742727$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Vaughan, T L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Davis, S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kristal, A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Thomas, D B</creatorcontrib><title>Obesity, alcohol, and tobacco as risk factors for cancers of the esophagus and gastric cardia: adenocarcinoma versus squamous cell carcinoma</title><title>Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention</title><addtitle>Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev</addtitle><description>Adenocarcinomas of the esophagus and gastric cardia were once rare. However, for unknown reasons, their incidence has been
increasing rapidly over the past 15 years in the United States and parts of Western Europe. In contrast, the incidence of
esophageal squamous cell carcinomas has remained relatively constant. To investigate possible reasons for these diverging
incidence rates we analyzed data from two population-based case-control studies of cancers of the esophagus and gastric cardia
that were conducted among male and female residents of western Washington between 1983 and 1990. Information on body mass
index, cigarette use, alcohol intake, and other possible risk factors was collected via personal interviews with 404 cases
or their next of kin (including 298 adenocarcinomas and 106 squamous cell carcinomas) and 724 controls identified by random
digit dialing. Use of alcohol and cigarettes were significant risk factors for both histological types. The increase in risk
for current smokers of 80 or more pack-years compared to nonsmokers was substantially higher for squamous cell cancer [odds
ratio (OR) = 16.9; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 4.1-69.1] than for adenocarcinoma (OR = 3.4; 95% CI = 1.4-8.0), as was the
increase for persons who typically drank 21 or more drinks/week compared to those who drank <7/week (OR = 9.5; 95% CI = 4.1-22.3
versus OR = 1.8; 95% CI = 1.1-3.1). For squamous cell carcinoma, body mass index was inversely associated with risk, whereas
for adenocarcinoma, the highest risk was observed among persons who were in the highest decile of body mass index (OR = 1.9;
95% CI = 1.1-3.2).</description><subject>Adenocarcinoma - epidemiology</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Age Factors</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Alcohol Drinking - epidemiology</subject><subject>Body Mass Index</subject><subject>Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - epidemiology</subject><subject>Cardia</subject><subject>Case-Control Studies</subject><subject>Esophageal Neoplasms - epidemiology</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Incidence</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Obesity - epidemiology</subject><subject>Population Surveillance</subject><subject>Risk Factors</subject><subject>Sex Factors</subject><subject>Smoking - epidemiology</subject><subject>Stomach Neoplasms - epidemiology</subject><subject>Washington - epidemiology</subject><issn>1055-9965</issn><issn>1538-7755</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1995</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNo9UMtOwzAQjBCoQOETkHyBE5GcOLYTbqjiJVXqBc7Wxlk3hiRu7QTUf-CjMbTitLOamdXsHCVnGWdlKiXnxxFTztOqEvw0OQ_hnVIqK85nyUzKIpe5PEu-VzUGO-5uCXTata6LYGjI6GrQ2hEIxNvwQQzo0flAjPNEw6AxYmfI2CLB4DYtrKfwZ1xDGL3VUeQbC3cEGhxcXLQdXA_kMxqjMmwn6F0EGruO_NMXyYmBLuDlYc6Tt8eH18Vzulw9vSzul2mbMzGmWcZqUwgGNUBGUbCSFxRKKipuCo2sKSXPwFDMS5GLShheIyAtMs3rgjPJ5snN_u7Gu-2EYVS9Db9RYMCYSkmZC8ZkFYVXB-FU99iojbc9-J061Bf56z3f2nX7ZT2qfTkeA8anWlWoXJWc_QCMZHw9</recordid><startdate>19950301</startdate><enddate>19950301</enddate><creator>Vaughan, T L</creator><creator>Davis, S</creator><creator>Kristal, A</creator><creator>Thomas, D B</creator><general>American Association for Cancer Research</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>19950301</creationdate><title>Obesity, alcohol, and tobacco as risk factors for cancers of the esophagus and gastric cardia: adenocarcinoma versus squamous cell carcinoma</title><author>Vaughan, T L ; Davis, S ; Kristal, A ; Thomas, D B</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-h236t-113bf463abaa10e638540a80695f4ce3d8751af0e2862696f5beae041c5b45373</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1995</creationdate><topic>Adenocarcinoma - epidemiology</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Age Factors</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Alcohol Drinking - epidemiology</topic><topic>Body Mass Index</topic><topic>Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - epidemiology</topic><topic>Cardia</topic><topic>Case-Control Studies</topic><topic>Esophageal Neoplasms - epidemiology</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Incidence</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Obesity - epidemiology</topic><topic>Population Surveillance</topic><topic>Risk Factors</topic><topic>Sex Factors</topic><topic>Smoking - epidemiology</topic><topic>Stomach Neoplasms - epidemiology</topic><topic>Washington - epidemiology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Vaughan, T L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Davis, S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kristal, A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Thomas, D B</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Vaughan, T L</au><au>Davis, S</au><au>Kristal, A</au><au>Thomas, D B</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Obesity, alcohol, and tobacco as risk factors for cancers of the esophagus and gastric cardia: adenocarcinoma versus squamous cell carcinoma</atitle><jtitle>Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention</jtitle><addtitle>Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev</addtitle><date>1995-03-01</date><risdate>1995</risdate><volume>4</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>85</spage><epage>92</epage><pages>85-92</pages><issn>1055-9965</issn><eissn>1538-7755</eissn><abstract>Adenocarcinomas of the esophagus and gastric cardia were once rare. However, for unknown reasons, their incidence has been
increasing rapidly over the past 15 years in the United States and parts of Western Europe. In contrast, the incidence of
esophageal squamous cell carcinomas has remained relatively constant. To investigate possible reasons for these diverging
incidence rates we analyzed data from two population-based case-control studies of cancers of the esophagus and gastric cardia
that were conducted among male and female residents of western Washington between 1983 and 1990. Information on body mass
index, cigarette use, alcohol intake, and other possible risk factors was collected via personal interviews with 404 cases
or their next of kin (including 298 adenocarcinomas and 106 squamous cell carcinomas) and 724 controls identified by random
digit dialing. Use of alcohol and cigarettes were significant risk factors for both histological types. The increase in risk
for current smokers of 80 or more pack-years compared to nonsmokers was substantially higher for squamous cell cancer [odds
ratio (OR) = 16.9; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 4.1-69.1] than for adenocarcinoma (OR = 3.4; 95% CI = 1.4-8.0), as was the
increase for persons who typically drank 21 or more drinks/week compared to those who drank <7/week (OR = 9.5; 95% CI = 4.1-22.3
versus OR = 1.8; 95% CI = 1.1-3.1). For squamous cell carcinoma, body mass index was inversely associated with risk, whereas
for adenocarcinoma, the highest risk was observed among persons who were in the highest decile of body mass index (OR = 1.9;
95% CI = 1.1-3.2).</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>American Association for Cancer Research</pub><pmid>7742727</pmid><tpages>8</tpages></addata></record> |
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| language | eng |
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| source | MEDLINE; American Association for Cancer Research; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals |
| subjects | Adenocarcinoma - epidemiology Adult Age Factors Aged Alcohol Drinking - epidemiology Body Mass Index Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - epidemiology Cardia Case-Control Studies Esophageal Neoplasms - epidemiology Female Humans Incidence Male Middle Aged Obesity - epidemiology Population Surveillance Risk Factors Sex Factors Smoking - epidemiology Stomach Neoplasms - epidemiology Washington - epidemiology |
| title | Obesity, alcohol, and tobacco as risk factors for cancers of the esophagus and gastric cardia: adenocarcinoma versus squamous cell carcinoma |
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