Plasma Lipoprotein Profile in Relation to Sex Hormones in Premenarcheal Athletes
Abstract Physical activity of an endurance nature is supposed to affect the lipoprotein profile in adults as well as in children. When examining this profile in premenarcheal athletes, regard has to be paid to an interfering effect of the rising sex hormone levels due to puberty. Therefore, the purp...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | International journal of sports medicine 1986-10, Vol.7 (5), p.241-245 |
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| container_title | International journal of sports medicine |
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| creator | Zonderland, M. L. Erich, W. B. M. Peltenburg, A. L. Bernink, M. J. E. Havekes, L. Thijssen, J. H. H. |
| description | Abstract
Physical activity of an endurance nature is supposed to affect the lipoprotein profile in adults as well as in children. When examining this profile in premenarcheal athletes, regard has to be paid to an interfering effect of the rising sex hormone levels due to puberty. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the plasma lipoprotein levels of premenarcheal athletes in relation to their sex hormone profile. Thirty-six elite gymnasts, 21 recreational gymnasts, 27 girl swimmers, and 25 very little active control girls participated. Their age was about 12 years. The sex hormone profiles of all groups were similar. The swimmers had the lowest level of TC, LDL-C, and TG (P ≤ 0.05), and apo A-I was elevated in this group as compared with the others (P ≤ 0.05). HDL-C was highest in the recreational gymnasts (P ≤ 0.05). The elite group and the control group had similar lipoprotein profiles.
After adjustment for T and E-2, no change in variance of the lipoproteins was found. A low correlation existed between apo A-I, E-2, and T (P ≤ 0.05).
Thus, in this pediatric population, the sex hormones did not play a significant role relative to the levels of plasma lipids or apo A-I. As the body composition correlated very weakly with TG, it is tentative to conclude that the variance found in the lipoprotein profile might be due to differences in physical activity. Moreover, genetic factors may have contributed to the variance. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1055/s-2008-1025767 |
| format | Article |
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Physical activity of an endurance nature is supposed to affect the lipoprotein profile in adults as well as in children. When examining this profile in premenarcheal athletes, regard has to be paid to an interfering effect of the rising sex hormone levels due to puberty. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the plasma lipoprotein levels of premenarcheal athletes in relation to their sex hormone profile. Thirty-six elite gymnasts, 21 recreational gymnasts, 27 girl swimmers, and 25 very little active control girls participated. Their age was about 12 years. The sex hormone profiles of all groups were similar. The swimmers had the lowest level of TC, LDL-C, and TG (P ≤ 0.05), and apo A-I was elevated in this group as compared with the others (P ≤ 0.05). HDL-C was highest in the recreational gymnasts (P ≤ 0.05). The elite group and the control group had similar lipoprotein profiles.
After adjustment for T and E-2, no change in variance of the lipoproteins was found. A low correlation existed between apo A-I, E-2, and T (P ≤ 0.05).
Thus, in this pediatric population, the sex hormones did not play a significant role relative to the levels of plasma lipids or apo A-I. As the body composition correlated very weakly with TG, it is tentative to conclude that the variance found in the lipoprotein profile might be due to differences in physical activity. Moreover, genetic factors may have contributed to the variance.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0172-4622</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1439-3964</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1025767</identifier><identifier>PMID: 3098694</identifier><identifier>CODEN: IJSMDA</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Stuttgart: Thieme</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Analysis of Variance ; Anthropometry ; Apolipoprotein A-I ; Apolipoproteins A - blood ; Applied physiology ; Biological and medical sciences ; Child ; Cholesterol - blood ; Cholesterol, HDL - blood ; Cholesterol, LDL - blood ; Female ; Gonadal Steroid Hormones - blood ; Gymnastics ; Human physiology applied to population studies and life conditions. Human ecophysiology ; Humans ; Lipoproteins - blood ; Medical sciences ; Menarche ; Originals ; Regression Analysis ; Swimming ; Triglycerides - blood</subject><ispartof>International journal of sports medicine, 1986-10, Vol.7 (5), p.241-245</ispartof><rights>Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart · New York</rights><rights>1987 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c388t-a9a25a8a756ff6b9da109870f5f4924eb1f9f543960c161952e0c1fe76d90a103</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.thieme-connect.de/products/ejournals/pdf/10.1055/s-2008-1025767.pdf$$EPDF$$P50$$Gthieme$$H</linktopdf><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,3017,3018,27924,27925,54559</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=8213191$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3098694$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Zonderland, M. L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Erich, W. B. M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Peltenburg, A. L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bernink, M. J. E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Havekes, L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Thijssen, J. H. H.</creatorcontrib><title>Plasma Lipoprotein Profile in Relation to Sex Hormones in Premenarcheal Athletes</title><title>International journal of sports medicine</title><addtitle>Int J Sports Med</addtitle><description>Abstract
Physical activity of an endurance nature is supposed to affect the lipoprotein profile in adults as well as in children. When examining this profile in premenarcheal athletes, regard has to be paid to an interfering effect of the rising sex hormone levels due to puberty. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the plasma lipoprotein levels of premenarcheal athletes in relation to their sex hormone profile. Thirty-six elite gymnasts, 21 recreational gymnasts, 27 girl swimmers, and 25 very little active control girls participated. Their age was about 12 years. The sex hormone profiles of all groups were similar. The swimmers had the lowest level of TC, LDL-C, and TG (P ≤ 0.05), and apo A-I was elevated in this group as compared with the others (P ≤ 0.05). HDL-C was highest in the recreational gymnasts (P ≤ 0.05). The elite group and the control group had similar lipoprotein profiles.
After adjustment for T and E-2, no change in variance of the lipoproteins was found. A low correlation existed between apo A-I, E-2, and T (P ≤ 0.05).
Thus, in this pediatric population, the sex hormones did not play a significant role relative to the levels of plasma lipids or apo A-I. As the body composition correlated very weakly with TG, it is tentative to conclude that the variance found in the lipoprotein profile might be due to differences in physical activity. Moreover, genetic factors may have contributed to the variance.</description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Analysis of Variance</subject><subject>Anthropometry</subject><subject>Apolipoprotein A-I</subject><subject>Apolipoproteins A - blood</subject><subject>Applied physiology</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Child</subject><subject>Cholesterol - blood</subject><subject>Cholesterol, HDL - blood</subject><subject>Cholesterol, LDL - blood</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Gonadal Steroid Hormones - blood</subject><subject>Gymnastics</subject><subject>Human physiology applied to population studies and life conditions. Human ecophysiology</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Lipoproteins - blood</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Menarche</subject><subject>Originals</subject><subject>Regression Analysis</subject><subject>Swimming</subject><subject>Triglycerides - blood</subject><issn>0172-4622</issn><issn>1439-3964</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1986</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkU1LAzEQhoMotVav3oQ9iLfUJLtJNsdS1AoFix_nkG4ndEt2U5Mt6L83tUtv4ikD8-TNzBOErikZU8L5fcSMkBJTwrgU8gQNaZErnCtRnKIhoZLhQjB2ji5i3BBCC0XzARrkRJVCFUO0WDgTG5PN663fBt9B3WaL4G3tIEvlKzjT1b7NOp-9wVc286HxLcTsF4MGWhOqNRiXTbq1gw7iJTqzxkW46s8R-nh8eJ_O8Pzl6Xk6meMqL8sOG2UYN6WRXFgrlmplaBpJEsttoVgBS2qV5WkVQSoqqOIMUmFBipUiic1H6O6Qm6b-3EHsdFPHCpwzLfhd1FKy5ESJf0FaCp4rsk8cH8Aq-BgDWL0NdWPCt6ZE713rqPeude86Xbjpk3fLBlZHvJeb-rd938TKOBtMW9XxiJWM5jR9xwjhA9at62RUb_wutEndX8_-AKKTk1c</recordid><startdate>19861001</startdate><enddate>19861001</enddate><creator>Zonderland, M. L.</creator><creator>Erich, W. B. M.</creator><creator>Peltenburg, A. L.</creator><creator>Bernink, M. J. E.</creator><creator>Havekes, L.</creator><creator>Thijssen, J. H. H.</creator><general>Thieme</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7TS</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>19861001</creationdate><title>Plasma Lipoprotein Profile in Relation to Sex Hormones in Premenarcheal Athletes</title><author>Zonderland, M. L. ; Erich, W. B. M. ; Peltenburg, A. L. ; Bernink, M. J. E. ; Havekes, L. ; Thijssen, J. H. H.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c388t-a9a25a8a756ff6b9da109870f5f4924eb1f9f543960c161952e0c1fe76d90a103</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1986</creationdate><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Analysis of Variance</topic><topic>Anthropometry</topic><topic>Apolipoprotein A-I</topic><topic>Apolipoproteins A - blood</topic><topic>Applied physiology</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Child</topic><topic>Cholesterol - blood</topic><topic>Cholesterol, HDL - blood</topic><topic>Cholesterol, LDL - blood</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Gonadal Steroid Hormones - blood</topic><topic>Gymnastics</topic><topic>Human physiology applied to population studies and life conditions. Human ecophysiology</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Lipoproteins - blood</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Menarche</topic><topic>Originals</topic><topic>Regression Analysis</topic><topic>Swimming</topic><topic>Triglycerides - blood</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Zonderland, M. L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Erich, W. B. M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Peltenburg, A. L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bernink, M. J. E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Havekes, L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Thijssen, J. H. H.</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Physical Education Index</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>International journal of sports medicine</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Zonderland, M. L.</au><au>Erich, W. B. M.</au><au>Peltenburg, A. L.</au><au>Bernink, M. J. E.</au><au>Havekes, L.</au><au>Thijssen, J. H. H.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Plasma Lipoprotein Profile in Relation to Sex Hormones in Premenarcheal Athletes</atitle><jtitle>International journal of sports medicine</jtitle><addtitle>Int J Sports Med</addtitle><date>1986-10-01</date><risdate>1986</risdate><volume>7</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>241</spage><epage>245</epage><pages>241-245</pages><issn>0172-4622</issn><eissn>1439-3964</eissn><coden>IJSMDA</coden><abstract>Abstract
Physical activity of an endurance nature is supposed to affect the lipoprotein profile in adults as well as in children. When examining this profile in premenarcheal athletes, regard has to be paid to an interfering effect of the rising sex hormone levels due to puberty. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the plasma lipoprotein levels of premenarcheal athletes in relation to their sex hormone profile. Thirty-six elite gymnasts, 21 recreational gymnasts, 27 girl swimmers, and 25 very little active control girls participated. Their age was about 12 years. The sex hormone profiles of all groups were similar. The swimmers had the lowest level of TC, LDL-C, and TG (P ≤ 0.05), and apo A-I was elevated in this group as compared with the others (P ≤ 0.05). HDL-C was highest in the recreational gymnasts (P ≤ 0.05). The elite group and the control group had similar lipoprotein profiles.
After adjustment for T and E-2, no change in variance of the lipoproteins was found. A low correlation existed between apo A-I, E-2, and T (P ≤ 0.05).
Thus, in this pediatric population, the sex hormones did not play a significant role relative to the levels of plasma lipids or apo A-I. As the body composition correlated very weakly with TG, it is tentative to conclude that the variance found in the lipoprotein profile might be due to differences in physical activity. Moreover, genetic factors may have contributed to the variance.</abstract><cop>Stuttgart</cop><cop>New York, NY</cop><pub>Thieme</pub><pmid>3098694</pmid><doi>10.1055/s-2008-1025767</doi><tpages>5</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | International journal of sports medicine, 1986-10, Vol.7 (5), p.241-245 |
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| subjects | Adolescent Analysis of Variance Anthropometry Apolipoprotein A-I Apolipoproteins A - blood Applied physiology Biological and medical sciences Child Cholesterol - blood Cholesterol, HDL - blood Cholesterol, LDL - blood Female Gonadal Steroid Hormones - blood Gymnastics Human physiology applied to population studies and life conditions. Human ecophysiology Humans Lipoproteins - blood Medical sciences Menarche Originals Regression Analysis Swimming Triglycerides - blood |
| title | Plasma Lipoprotein Profile in Relation to Sex Hormones in Premenarcheal Athletes |
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