When a Child Dies: The Sociobiology of Bereavement
According to modern evolutionary theory, the fitness of individuals consists of both their personal reproductive success and the reproductive success of those with whom they share genes in common. It follows that one of the most biologically costly events possible is the death of a child. This study...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of personality and social psychology 1986-10, Vol.51 (4), p.797-802 |
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description | According to modern evolutionary theory, the fitness of individuals consists of both their personal reproductive success and the reproductive success of those with whom they share genes in common. It follows that one of the most biologically costly events possible is the death of a child. This study investigated the grief intensity of bereaved parents and their immediate families using ratings made by 263 bereaved parents. Predictions were derived from sociobiological tenets relating to (a) parental investment, (b) paternal uncertainty, and (c) the propagation potential of both parents and children. Consequently, it was found that (a) mothers grieved more than fathers, (b) healthy children were grieved for more than unhealthy children; (c) male children were grieved for more than female children; (d) health of child and sex of child interacted such that the pattern of grief intensity obtained was healthy male > healthy female = unhealthy female = unhealthy male; (e) similar children were grieved for more than dissimilar children; (f) maternal grandmothers grieved more than either maternal grandfathers or paternal grandmothers, who in turn grieved more than paternal grandfathers; and (g) mothers' siblings grieved more than fathers' siblings. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1037/0022-3514.51.4.797 |
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Philippe</creator><creatorcontrib>Littlefield, Christine H ; Rushton, J. Philippe</creatorcontrib><description>According to modern evolutionary theory, the fitness of individuals consists of both their personal reproductive success and the reproductive success of those with whom they share genes in common. It follows that one of the most biologically costly events possible is the death of a child. This study investigated the grief intensity of bereaved parents and their immediate families using ratings made by 263 bereaved parents. Predictions were derived from sociobiological tenets relating to (a) parental investment, (b) paternal uncertainty, and (c) the propagation potential of both parents and children. Consequently, it was found that (a) mothers grieved more than fathers, (b) healthy children were grieved for more than unhealthy children; (c) male children were grieved for more than female children; (d) health of child and sex of child interacted such that the pattern of grief intensity obtained was healthy male > healthy female = unhealthy female = unhealthy male; (e) similar children were grieved for more than dissimilar children; (f) maternal grandmothers grieved more than either maternal grandfathers or paternal grandmothers, who in turn grieved more than paternal grandfathers; and (g) mothers' siblings grieved more than fathers' siblings.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0022-3514</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1939-1315</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1037/0022-3514.51.4.797</identifier><identifier>PMID: 3783426</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JPSPB2</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Washington, DC: American Psychological Association</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Animal reproduction ; Behavior. Attitude ; Biological and medical sciences ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Children & youth ; Death & dying ; Death and Dying ; Families & family life ; Family ; Female ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Grief ; Human ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Parents ; Parents - psychology ; Psychological Tests ; Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry ; Psychology. Psychophysiology ; Social psychology ; Social research ; Social Support ; Sociobiology</subject><ispartof>Journal of personality and social psychology, 1986-10, Vol.51 (4), p.797-802</ispartof><rights>1986 American Psychological Association</rights><rights>1987 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright American Psychological Association Oct 1986</rights><rights>1986, American Psychological Association</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-a438t-2bb607e2cb751458d4aab06d7e1a2c197481c6113e6769f4b257853a8d41d9f63</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27868,27923,27924,30998,33773</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=8222450$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3783426$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Littlefield, Christine H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rushton, J. Philippe</creatorcontrib><title>When a Child Dies: The Sociobiology of Bereavement</title><title>Journal of personality and social psychology</title><addtitle>J Pers Soc Psychol</addtitle><description>According to modern evolutionary theory, the fitness of individuals consists of both their personal reproductive success and the reproductive success of those with whom they share genes in common. It follows that one of the most biologically costly events possible is the death of a child. This study investigated the grief intensity of bereaved parents and their immediate families using ratings made by 263 bereaved parents. Predictions were derived from sociobiological tenets relating to (a) parental investment, (b) paternal uncertainty, and (c) the propagation potential of both parents and children. Consequently, it was found that (a) mothers grieved more than fathers, (b) healthy children were grieved for more than unhealthy children; (c) male children were grieved for more than female children; (d) health of child and sex of child interacted such that the pattern of grief intensity obtained was healthy male > healthy female = unhealthy female = unhealthy male; (e) similar children were grieved for more than dissimilar children; (f) maternal grandmothers grieved more than either maternal grandfathers or paternal grandmothers, who in turn grieved more than paternal grandfathers; and (g) mothers' siblings grieved more than fathers' siblings.</description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Animal reproduction</subject><subject>Behavior. Attitude</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Child</subject><subject>Child, Preschool</subject><subject>Children & youth</subject><subject>Death & dying</subject><subject>Death and Dying</subject><subject>Families & family life</subject><subject>Family</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Grief</subject><subject>Human</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Infant</subject><subject>Infant, Newborn</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Parents</subject><subject>Parents - psychology</subject><subject>Psychological Tests</subject><subject>Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry</subject><subject>Psychology. Psychophysiology</subject><subject>Social psychology</subject><subject>Social research</subject><subject>Social Support</subject><subject>Sociobiology</subject><issn>0022-3514</issn><issn>1939-1315</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1986</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>K30</sourceid><sourceid>7QJ</sourceid><sourceid>BHHNA</sourceid><recordid>eNp90M9LwzAUB_AgypzTg1dBGCreWvNefjVHmT9h4EXxGNI0ZR1dV5vtsP_ejJUJgp5yeJ_3feFLyAXQFChTd5QiJkwATwWkPFVaHZAhaKYTYCAOyXAPjslJCHNKKReIAzJgKmMc5ZCcf858M7bjyayqi_FD5cMpOSptHfxZ_47Ix9Pj--Qlmb49v07up4nlLFslmOeSKo8uVzFfZAW3NqeyUB4sOtCKZ-AkAPNSSV3yHIXKBLMRQqFLyUbkdpfbdsuvtQ8rs6iC83VtG79cB6MUKCkgi_DqF5wv110T_2YkcEaFFPI_hFRnqChs0fVfCFALjdHoqHCnXLcMofOlabtqYbuNAWq2vZttrWZbqxFguIm9x6XLPnqdL3yxX-mLjvObfm6Ds3XZ2cZVYc8yROSC_jDbWtOGjbPdqnK1jzK0P9e-AQp5kEE</recordid><startdate>19861001</startdate><enddate>19861001</enddate><creator>Littlefield, Christine H</creator><creator>Rushton, J. 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Philippe</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-a438t-2bb607e2cb751458d4aab06d7e1a2c197481c6113e6769f4b257853a8d41d9f63</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1986</creationdate><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Animal reproduction</topic><topic>Behavior. Attitude</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Child</topic><topic>Child, Preschool</topic><topic>Children & youth</topic><topic>Death & dying</topic><topic>Death and Dying</topic><topic>Families & family life</topic><topic>Family</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>Grief</topic><topic>Human</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Infant</topic><topic>Infant, Newborn</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Parents</topic><topic>Parents - psychology</topic><topic>Psychological Tests</topic><topic>Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry</topic><topic>Psychology. Psychophysiology</topic><topic>Social psychology</topic><topic>Social research</topic><topic>Social Support</topic><topic>Sociobiology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Littlefield, Christine H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rushton, J. 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Philippe</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>When a Child Dies: The Sociobiology of Bereavement</atitle><jtitle>Journal of personality and social psychology</jtitle><addtitle>J Pers Soc Psychol</addtitle><date>1986-10-01</date><risdate>1986</risdate><volume>51</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>797</spage><epage>802</epage><pages>797-802</pages><issn>0022-3514</issn><eissn>1939-1315</eissn><coden>JPSPB2</coden><abstract>According to modern evolutionary theory, the fitness of individuals consists of both their personal reproductive success and the reproductive success of those with whom they share genes in common. It follows that one of the most biologically costly events possible is the death of a child. This study investigated the grief intensity of bereaved parents and their immediate families using ratings made by 263 bereaved parents. Predictions were derived from sociobiological tenets relating to (a) parental investment, (b) paternal uncertainty, and (c) the propagation potential of both parents and children. Consequently, it was found that (a) mothers grieved more than fathers, (b) healthy children were grieved for more than unhealthy children; (c) male children were grieved for more than female children; (d) health of child and sex of child interacted such that the pattern of grief intensity obtained was healthy male > healthy female = unhealthy female = unhealthy male; (e) similar children were grieved for more than dissimilar children; (f) maternal grandmothers grieved more than either maternal grandfathers or paternal grandmothers, who in turn grieved more than paternal grandfathers; and (g) mothers' siblings grieved more than fathers' siblings.</abstract><cop>Washington, DC</cop><pub>American Psychological Association</pub><pmid>3783426</pmid><doi>10.1037/0022-3514.51.4.797</doi><tpages>6</tpages></addata></record> |
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subjects | Adolescent Adult Aged Animal reproduction Behavior. Attitude Biological and medical sciences Child Child, Preschool Children & youth Death & dying Death and Dying Families & family life Family Female Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Grief Human Humans Infant Infant, Newborn Male Middle Aged Parents Parents - psychology Psychological Tests Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry Psychology. Psychophysiology Social psychology Social research Social Support Sociobiology |
title | When a Child Dies: The Sociobiology of Bereavement |
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