A COMPREHENSIVE INVESTIGATION OF IMMUNITY TO POLIOMYELITIS IN A DEVELOPING COUNTRY
A comprehensive nationwide surveillance program of serologic immunity of two-year-old black children, combined with evaluation of vaccine quality and distribution, was carried out in South Africa during 1983–1984. Sera were randomly collected from urban and rural groups and cluster samples collected...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | American journal of epidemiology 1986-02, Vol.123 (2), p.316-324 |
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| container_title | American journal of epidemiology |
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| creator | SCHOUB, B. D. JOHNSON, S. McANERNEY, J. M. KÜSTNER, H. G. V. VAN DER MERWE, C. A. |
| description | A comprehensive nationwide surveillance program of serologic immunity of two-year-old black children, combined with evaluation of vaccine quality and distribution, was carried out in South Africa during 1983–1984. Sera were randomly collected from urban and rural groups and cluster samples collected from the semi-urban group. The sample represented 0.23% of the total target population. Satisfactory levels of immunity were found in the urban (80%) and semi-urban (71%) groups but a disquietingly low level was found for the rural group (59%). Individual districts in the rural group could be singled out for directed cluster sampling at a later stage. History and documentation of immunization corresponded well to serologic findings and revealed also a fairly substantial level of natural immunization among individuals who, on history, had received no vaccine. Some 95% of random samples of vaccine recalled from the field showed satisfactory levels of potency. An immunity surveillance program such as this is ideally suited and highly cost-effective for developing countries with incomplete immunization to prevent large-scale buildup of immunity deficit. The technique, however, is too insensitive to detect localized community immunity defects. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114240 |
| format | Article |
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D. ; JOHNSON, S. ; McANERNEY, J. M. ; KÜSTNER, H. G. V. ; VAN DER MERWE, C. A.</creator><creatorcontrib>SCHOUB, B. D. ; JOHNSON, S. ; McANERNEY, J. M. ; KÜSTNER, H. G. V. ; VAN DER MERWE, C. A.</creatorcontrib><description>A comprehensive nationwide surveillance program of serologic immunity of two-year-old black children, combined with evaluation of vaccine quality and distribution, was carried out in South Africa during 1983–1984. Sera were randomly collected from urban and rural groups and cluster samples collected from the semi-urban group. The sample represented 0.23% of the total target population. Satisfactory levels of immunity were found in the urban (80%) and semi-urban (71%) groups but a disquietingly low level was found for the rural group (59%). Individual districts in the rural group could be singled out for directed cluster sampling at a later stage. History and documentation of immunization corresponded well to serologic findings and revealed also a fairly substantial level of natural immunization among individuals who, on history, had received no vaccine. Some 95% of random samples of vaccine recalled from the field showed satisfactory levels of potency. An immunity surveillance program such as this is ideally suited and highly cost-effective for developing countries with incomplete immunization to prevent large-scale buildup of immunity deficit. 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Hygiene-occupational medicine ; Random Allocation ; Rural Population ; serology ; South Africa ; Specific populations (family, woman, child, elderly...) ; Tropical medicine ; Urban Population ; vaccines ; Viral diseases ; Viral diseases of the nervous system</subject><ispartof>American journal of epidemiology, 1986-02, Vol.123 (2), p.316-324</ispartof><rights>1986 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c440t-70af1db46c63aa17c67c568deda1c8b7ff368765c474f3f0fd67100f45b0a0fc3</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27846,27901,27902</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=8527420$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3004199$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>SCHOUB, B. D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>JOHNSON, S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>McANERNEY, J. M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>KÜSTNER, H. G. V.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>VAN DER MERWE, C. A.</creatorcontrib><title>A COMPREHENSIVE INVESTIGATION OF IMMUNITY TO POLIOMYELITIS IN A DEVELOPING COUNTRY</title><title>American journal of epidemiology</title><addtitle>Am J Epidemiol</addtitle><description>A comprehensive nationwide surveillance program of serologic immunity of two-year-old black children, combined with evaluation of vaccine quality and distribution, was carried out in South Africa during 1983–1984. Sera were randomly collected from urban and rural groups and cluster samples collected from the semi-urban group. The sample represented 0.23% of the total target population. Satisfactory levels of immunity were found in the urban (80%) and semi-urban (71%) groups but a disquietingly low level was found for the rural group (59%). Individual districts in the rural group could be singled out for directed cluster sampling at a later stage. History and documentation of immunization corresponded well to serologic findings and revealed also a fairly substantial level of natural immunization among individuals who, on history, had received no vaccine. Some 95% of random samples of vaccine recalled from the field showed satisfactory levels of potency. An immunity surveillance program such as this is ideally suited and highly cost-effective for developing countries with incomplete immunization to prevent large-scale buildup of immunity deficit. The technique, however, is too insensitive to detect localized community immunity defects.</description><subject>Antibodies, Viral - immunology</subject><subject>Antibodies, Viral - isolation & purification</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Child, Preschool</subject><subject>Data Collection</subject><subject>Developing Countries</subject><subject>Epidemiologic Methods</subject><subject>Human viral diseases</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>immunization</subject><subject>Infectious diseases</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Miscellaneous</subject><subject>Neutralization Tests</subject><subject>poliomyelitis</subject><subject>Poliomyelitis - immunology</subject><subject>Poliovirus - immunology</subject><subject>Poliovirus Vaccine, Inactivated - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Prevention and actions</subject><subject>Public health. Hygiene</subject><subject>Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine</subject><subject>Random Allocation</subject><subject>Rural Population</subject><subject>serology</subject><subject>South Africa</subject><subject>Specific populations (family, woman, child, elderly...)</subject><subject>Tropical medicine</subject><subject>Urban Population</subject><subject>vaccines</subject><subject>Viral diseases</subject><subject>Viral diseases of the nervous system</subject><issn>0002-9262</issn><issn>1476-6256</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1986</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>K30</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkV2P0kAUhidGs7KrP8GkUeNd8Uznq_UOscCY0hIoZPFmMkw7CQh0nYFk99_bDZVEb7yai_c575mcB6H3GPoYEvK5ebSNq3bN2R313vf1ru5rjGlE4QXqYSp4yCPGX6IeAERhEvHoNbr1fgeAccLgBt0QAIqTpIfmg2BYTGfzdJLmC7lKA5mv0kUpx4NSFnlQjAI5nS5zWa6DsghmRSaL6TrNZCkXLRoMgm_pKs2KmczHbdEyL-frN-iVbb9Vv-3eO7QcpeVwEmbFWA4HWWgohVMoQFtcbSg3nGiNheHCMB5XdaWxiTfCWsJjwZmhglpiwVZcYABL2QY0WEPu0KdL74Nrfp1rf1KHrTf1fq-PdXP2SnABNMbivyCmBIOIWAt--Af8c2OFCXDOSMRoS325UMY13rvaqge3PWj3pDCoZz_qbz-q9aM6P-3wu27FeXOoq-toJ6TNP3a59kbvrdNHs_VXLGaRoNFzTXjBtv5UP15j7X4qLohganL_Q5WjBfn-dTRR9-Q3EcemZA</recordid><startdate>19860201</startdate><enddate>19860201</enddate><creator>SCHOUB, B. 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D.</au><au>JOHNSON, S.</au><au>McANERNEY, J. M.</au><au>KÜSTNER, H. G. V.</au><au>VAN DER MERWE, C. A.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>A COMPREHENSIVE INVESTIGATION OF IMMUNITY TO POLIOMYELITIS IN A DEVELOPING COUNTRY</atitle><jtitle>American journal of epidemiology</jtitle><addtitle>Am J Epidemiol</addtitle><date>1986-02-01</date><risdate>1986</risdate><volume>123</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>316</spage><epage>324</epage><pages>316-324</pages><issn>0002-9262</issn><eissn>1476-6256</eissn><coden>AJEPAS</coden><abstract>A comprehensive nationwide surveillance program of serologic immunity of two-year-old black children, combined with evaluation of vaccine quality and distribution, was carried out in South Africa during 1983–1984. Sera were randomly collected from urban and rural groups and cluster samples collected from the semi-urban group. The sample represented 0.23% of the total target population. Satisfactory levels of immunity were found in the urban (80%) and semi-urban (71%) groups but a disquietingly low level was found for the rural group (59%). Individual districts in the rural group could be singled out for directed cluster sampling at a later stage. History and documentation of immunization corresponded well to serologic findings and revealed also a fairly substantial level of natural immunization among individuals who, on history, had received no vaccine. Some 95% of random samples of vaccine recalled from the field showed satisfactory levels of potency. An immunity surveillance program such as this is ideally suited and highly cost-effective for developing countries with incomplete immunization to prevent large-scale buildup of immunity deficit. The technique, however, is too insensitive to detect localized community immunity defects.</abstract><cop>Cary, NC</cop><pub>Oxford University Press</pub><pmid>3004199</pmid><doi>10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114240</doi><tpages>9</tpages></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
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| ispartof | American journal of epidemiology, 1986-02, Vol.123 (2), p.316-324 |
| issn | 0002-9262 1476-6256 |
| language | eng |
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| source | Oxford University Press Journals Digital Archive legacy; MEDLINE; Periodicals Index Online |
| subjects | Antibodies, Viral - immunology Antibodies, Viral - isolation & purification Biological and medical sciences Child, Preschool Data Collection Developing Countries Epidemiologic Methods Human viral diseases Humans immunization Infectious diseases Medical sciences Miscellaneous Neutralization Tests poliomyelitis Poliomyelitis - immunology Poliovirus - immunology Poliovirus Vaccine, Inactivated - administration & dosage Prevention and actions Public health. Hygiene Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine Random Allocation Rural Population serology South Africa Specific populations (family, woman, child, elderly...) Tropical medicine Urban Population vaccines Viral diseases Viral diseases of the nervous system |
| title | A COMPREHENSIVE INVESTIGATION OF IMMUNITY TO POLIOMYELITIS IN A DEVELOPING COUNTRY |
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