Studies of the vessel wall properties in hemodialysis patients

Studies of the vessel wall properties in hemodialysis patients. Compliance is an important property of the arterial system and abnormalities in compliance can greatly affect cardiovascular function. The elastic properties of the common carotid artery were therefore studied in 24 normotensive hemodialysis patients and 24 healthy normotensives using a noninvasive technique. The hemodialysis patients and the control subjects were matched for blood pressure. Arterial distension was measured by Doppler analysis of the vessel wall movements and blood pressure was recorded by finger-phlethysmography (FinapresR). The vessel wall distensibility (DC: 2.49 ± 0.23 10−3/mm Hg; mean ± SEM) was significantly reduced and the end diastolic diameter (d: 7.3 ± 0.3 mm) was significantly increased in younger hemodialysis patients (36.3 ± 2.0 years) when compared with age-related controls (DC: 3.44 ± 0.24 10−3/mm Hg; d: 6.3 ± 0.3 mm; mean ± SEM). In older hemodialysis patients (60.2 ± 2.3 years), there was no significant difference in vessel wall distensibility (DC: 1.55 ± 0.15 10−3/mm Hg) and vessel diameter (d: 7.8 ± 0.3 mm) as compared with age-matched controls (DC: 1.77 ± 0.14 10−3/mm Hg; d: 7.2 ± 0.3 mm). The results show that vessel wall distensibility of the common carotid artery is decreased in younger hemodialysis patients as compared with age-matched healthy subjects. The volume expanded state in hemodialysis patients cannot account for the decreased arterial distensibility, since volume depletion by hemodialysis was not associated with a significant change of arterial distensibility (DC 2.14 ± 0.44 10−3/mm Hg before, DC 2.26 ± 0.45 10−3/mm Hg after ultrafiltration, NS). The enhanced stiffness of the arteries could contribute to the higher incidence of cardiovascular disease in hemodialysis patients.