Comparative in vitro diffusion studies for atenolol transdermal delivery system
The purpose of this study was to screen atenolol as a candidate for transdermal drug delivery, and to study the release of atenolol from various gels. The percent atenolol release over time profiles indicates that for all the gelling agents used the amount of atenolol released is decreased by increa...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Pharmaceutica acta Helvetiae 1994-05, Vol.68 (4), p.215-219 |
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| container_title | Pharmaceutica acta Helvetiae |
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| creator | Demou, Joanna S. Sidhom, Madiha B. Plakogiannis, Fotios M. |
| description | The purpose of this study was to screen atenolol as a candidate for transdermal drug delivery, and to study the release of atenolol from various gels. The percent atenolol release over time profiles indicates that for all the gelling agents used the amount of atenolol released is decreased by increasing the polymer concentration in the gel. The amount of atenolol released was found to be higher from Klucel® gels, compared to Methocel® and Carbopol® gels, with Carbopol® gels giving the least release. In studying the effect of atenolol concentration in the gel, it was observed that the amount of atenolol released was increased by increasing the drug concentration in the donor up to a limit corresponding to an atenolol concentration of approximately 2%. This seems to resemble the saturation solubility of atenolol into the gels. Hairless mouse skin and TESTSKIN® LSE were used as in vitro skin models. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/0031-6865(94)90050-7 |
| format | Article |
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The percent atenolol release over time profiles indicates that for all the gelling agents used the amount of atenolol released is decreased by increasing the polymer concentration in the gel. The amount of atenolol released was found to be higher from Klucel® gels, compared to Methocel® and Carbopol® gels, with Carbopol® gels giving the least release. In studying the effect of atenolol concentration in the gel, it was observed that the amount of atenolol released was increased by increasing the drug concentration in the donor up to a limit corresponding to an atenolol concentration of approximately 2%. This seems to resemble the saturation solubility of atenolol into the gels. Hairless mouse skin and TESTSKIN® LSE were used as in vitro skin models.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0031-6865</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/0031-6865(94)90050-7</identifier><identifier>PMID: 8208745</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Amsterdam: Elsevier B.V</publisher><subject>Administration, Cutaneous ; Animals ; Atenolol ; Atenolol - administration & dosage ; Biological and medical sciences ; Diffusion ; Drug Delivery Systems ; General pharmacology ; In vitro study ; Male ; Medical sciences ; Mice ; Mice, Hairless ; Pharmaceutical technology. Pharmaceutical industry ; Pharmacology. 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The percent atenolol release over time profiles indicates that for all the gelling agents used the amount of atenolol released is decreased by increasing the polymer concentration in the gel. The amount of atenolol released was found to be higher from Klucel® gels, compared to Methocel® and Carbopol® gels, with Carbopol® gels giving the least release. In studying the effect of atenolol concentration in the gel, it was observed that the amount of atenolol released was increased by increasing the drug concentration in the donor up to a limit corresponding to an atenolol concentration of approximately 2%. This seems to resemble the saturation solubility of atenolol into the gels. Hairless mouse skin and TESTSKIN® LSE were used as in vitro skin models.</description><subject>Administration, Cutaneous</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Atenolol</subject><subject>Atenolol - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Diffusion</subject><subject>Drug Delivery Systems</subject><subject>General pharmacology</subject><subject>In vitro study</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Mice</subject><subject>Mice, Hairless</subject><subject>Pharmaceutical technology. Pharmaceutical industry</subject><subject>Pharmacology. Drug treatments</subject><subject>Transdermal delivery</subject><issn>0031-6865</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1994</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kM2KHCEURl0kdCaTvEECLsKQWVSiZWmVm4HQZH5gYDbJWiy9gqGq7Hithn772Omml7MS_c53uR5CPnH2jTOuvjMmeKMGJb_q7lYzJlnTvyFXl-d35D3iH1bvWogN2QwtG_pOXpGXbZp3NtsS90DjQvex5ER9DGHFmBaKZfURkIaUqS2wpClNtGS7oIc824l6mGo1HygesMD8gbwNdkL4eD6vye_7n7-2j83zy8PT9sdz4wTjpQkhCK2Aa2F1P0jFvFV81HoMTLWStx33lo22t6A7MQjQXMsgZVBQk9EJcU1uTnN3Of1dAYuZIzqYJrtAWtH0Snbt0PYV7E6gywkxQzC7HGebD4Yzc3RnjpLMUZLRnfnvzhxrn8_z13EGfymdxdX8yzm36OwUqhEX8YJ1vH6t5xW7O2FQXewjZIMuwuLAxwyuGJ_i63v8A01ZjVM</recordid><startdate>199405</startdate><enddate>199405</enddate><creator>Demou, Joanna S.</creator><creator>Sidhom, Madiha B.</creator><creator>Plakogiannis, Fotios M.</creator><general>Elsevier B.V</general><general>Elsevier</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>199405</creationdate><title>Comparative in vitro diffusion studies for atenolol transdermal delivery system</title><author>Demou, Joanna S. ; Sidhom, Madiha B. ; Plakogiannis, Fotios M.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c301t-fff396e193a978560da61b99bf06251241da0ba7ae94383e9195f55f6e41dbc33</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1994</creationdate><topic>Administration, Cutaneous</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Atenolol</topic><topic>Atenolol - administration & dosage</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Diffusion</topic><topic>Drug Delivery Systems</topic><topic>General pharmacology</topic><topic>In vitro study</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Mice</topic><topic>Mice, Hairless</topic><topic>Pharmaceutical technology. Pharmaceutical industry</topic><topic>Pharmacology. Drug treatments</topic><topic>Transdermal delivery</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Demou, Joanna S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sidhom, Madiha B.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Plakogiannis, Fotios M.</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Pharmaceutica acta Helvetiae</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Demou, Joanna S.</au><au>Sidhom, Madiha B.</au><au>Plakogiannis, Fotios M.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Comparative in vitro diffusion studies for atenolol transdermal delivery system</atitle><jtitle>Pharmaceutica acta Helvetiae</jtitle><addtitle>Pharm Acta Helv</addtitle><date>1994-05</date><risdate>1994</risdate><volume>68</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>215</spage><epage>219</epage><pages>215-219</pages><issn>0031-6865</issn><abstract>The purpose of this study was to screen atenolol as a candidate for transdermal drug delivery, and to study the release of atenolol from various gels. The percent atenolol release over time profiles indicates that for all the gelling agents used the amount of atenolol released is decreased by increasing the polymer concentration in the gel. The amount of atenolol released was found to be higher from Klucel® gels, compared to Methocel® and Carbopol® gels, with Carbopol® gels giving the least release. In studying the effect of atenolol concentration in the gel, it was observed that the amount of atenolol released was increased by increasing the drug concentration in the donor up to a limit corresponding to an atenolol concentration of approximately 2%. This seems to resemble the saturation solubility of atenolol into the gels. Hairless mouse skin and TESTSKIN® LSE were used as in vitro skin models.</abstract><cop>Amsterdam</cop><pub>Elsevier B.V</pub><pmid>8208745</pmid><doi>10.1016/0031-6865(94)90050-7</doi><tpages>5</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Pharmaceutica acta Helvetiae, 1994-05, Vol.68 (4), p.215-219 |
| issn | 0031-6865 |
| language | eng |
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| source | MEDLINE; Alma/SFX Local Collection |
| subjects | Administration, Cutaneous Animals Atenolol Atenolol - administration & dosage Biological and medical sciences Diffusion Drug Delivery Systems General pharmacology In vitro study Male Medical sciences Mice Mice, Hairless Pharmaceutical technology. Pharmaceutical industry Pharmacology. Drug treatments Transdermal delivery |
| title | Comparative in vitro diffusion studies for atenolol transdermal delivery system |
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