Estrogen: physiology, pharmacology, and formulations for replacement therapy
Estrogen is the central component in 6 of the 100 most widely prescribed medications in the United States today. This steroid has several therapeutic uses including contraceptive applications, treatment of menopausal symptoms, and the prevention of osteoporosis. A wide variety of estrogen replacemen...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of midwifery & women's health 2002-05, Vol.47 (3), p.130-138 |
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container_title | Journal of midwifery & women's health |
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creator | Ruggiero, Ronald J. Likis, Frances E. |
description | Estrogen is the central component in 6 of the 100 most widely prescribed medications in the United States today. This steroid has several therapeutic uses including contraceptive applications, treatment of menopausal symptoms, and the prevention of osteoporosis. A wide variety of estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) and estrogen plus progestational hormonal replacement therapy (HRT) preparations are available. In addition, there are an increasing number of products with estrogenic properties that are being promoted as alternatives to drugs containing estrogen, such as phytoestrogens and selective estrogen receptor modifiers (SERMs). This article reviews the physiology of estrogenic effects, estrogen metabolism, and the pharmacokinetics of marketed preparations. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1016/S1526-9523(02)00233-7 |
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This steroid has several therapeutic uses including contraceptive applications, treatment of menopausal symptoms, and the prevention of osteoporosis. A wide variety of estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) and estrogen plus progestational hormonal replacement therapy (HRT) preparations are available. In addition, there are an increasing number of products with estrogenic properties that are being promoted as alternatives to drugs containing estrogen, such as phytoestrogens and selective estrogen receptor modifiers (SERMs). This article reviews the physiology of estrogenic effects, estrogen metabolism, and the pharmacokinetics of marketed preparations.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Chemistry, Pharmaceutical - methods</subject><subject>Estrogen Replacement Therapy - methods</subject><subject>Estrogens - pharmacology</subject><subject>Estrogens - physiology</subject><subject>Estrogens, Conjugated (USP) - pharmacology</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Menopause - drug effects</subject><subject>Menopause - physiology</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Receptors, Estrogen - physiology</subject><issn>1526-9523</issn><issn>1542-2011</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2002</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkM1u1TAQRiMEoqXwCKC7AyQCHjv-CSwQlNICF1hwUdlZjjNuDUkc7Fwgb0_SRLCE2cyMdL6xfLLsLpDHQEA8-QScirzklD0g9CEhlLFcXssOgRc0pwTg-jyvyEF2K6WvhIAkJbmZHQAlEpgsD7PtSRpiuMDu6aa_HJMPTbgYH02zia2x62a6euNCbPeNGXzo0rxsIvaNsdhiN2yGS4ymH29nN5xpEt5Z-1H2-fXJ7vgs3348fXP8YpvbQjGRq0pQYKqWCEiJUqQoLLOKC-uAAXcVKOWUqQW4ijAjjHOsEraGYipRSnaU3V_u9jF832MadOuTxaYxHYZ90lIUwKGUM8kX0saQUkSn--hbE0cNRM8e9ZVHPUvShOorj3rO3Vtf2Fct1n9Tq7gJeLYAP32D4_9d1W_fn58xqcSUzpe0TwP--pM28ZsWkkmuzz-c6t1LtfvCX5X63cQ_X3icrP7wGHWyHjuLtY9oB10H_48P_QZf8KKD</recordid><startdate>200205</startdate><enddate>200205</enddate><creator>Ruggiero, Ronald J.</creator><creator>Likis, Frances E.</creator><general>Elsevier Inc</general><general>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>ASE</scope><scope>FPQ</scope><scope>K6X</scope></search><sort><creationdate>200205</creationdate><title>Estrogen: physiology, pharmacology, and formulations for replacement therapy</title><author>Ruggiero, Ronald J. ; Likis, Frances E.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c4836-8b62138d7e1e2088044c3c856cf1315fb188f8ad61fb03a6aff3b6cd144446973</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2002</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Chemistry, Pharmaceutical - methods</topic><topic>Estrogen Replacement Therapy - methods</topic><topic>Estrogens - pharmacology</topic><topic>Estrogens - physiology</topic><topic>Estrogens, Conjugated (USP) - pharmacology</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Menopause - drug effects</topic><topic>Menopause - physiology</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Receptors, Estrogen - physiology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Ruggiero, Ronald J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Likis, Frances E.</creatorcontrib><collection>Istex</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>British Nursing Index</collection><collection>British Nursing Index (BNI) (1985 to Present)</collection><collection>British Nursing Index</collection><jtitle>Journal of midwifery & women's health</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Ruggiero, Ronald J.</au><au>Likis, Frances E.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Estrogen: physiology, pharmacology, and formulations for replacement therapy</atitle><jtitle>Journal of midwifery & women's health</jtitle><addtitle>J Midwifery Womens Health</addtitle><date>2002-05</date><risdate>2002</risdate><volume>47</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>130</spage><epage>138</epage><pages>130-138</pages><issn>1526-9523</issn><eissn>1542-2011</eissn><abstract>Estrogen is the central component in 6 of the 100 most widely prescribed medications in the United States today. 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ispartof | Journal of midwifery & women's health, 2002-05, Vol.47 (3), p.130-138 |
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source | MEDLINE; Wiley Online Library Journals Frontfile Complete; Alma/SFX Local Collection |
subjects | Adult Chemistry, Pharmaceutical - methods Estrogen Replacement Therapy - methods Estrogens - pharmacology Estrogens - physiology Estrogens, Conjugated (USP) - pharmacology Female Humans Menopause - drug effects Menopause - physiology Middle Aged Receptors, Estrogen - physiology |
title | Estrogen: physiology, pharmacology, and formulations for replacement therapy |
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