Transesophageal detection of early systolic reverse pulmonary venous flow in atrial fibrillation

In patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) the pulmonary venous flow velocity pattern is characterized by the disappearance of atrial reverse flow, a decrease in systolic forward flow, and a greater diastolic than systolic forward flow. 1–2 Recently, an early reverse “flow” has also been described fo...

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