Occurrence of antibiotic resistance genes in reclaimed water and river water in the Werribee Basin, Australia
The purpose of this study was to investigate the occurrence of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in water used for irrigation in the Werribee River Basin, Australia, including river water and reclaimed effluent water (reclaimed water). Samples of reclaimed water, collected over a one-year period, w...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of water and health 2010-09, Vol.8 (3), p.521-531 |
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| creator | Barker-Reid, Fiona Fox, Ellen M Faggian, Robert |
| description | The purpose of this study was to investigate the occurrence of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in water used for irrigation in the Werribee River Basin, Australia, including river water and reclaimed effluent water (reclaimed water). Samples of reclaimed water, collected over a one-year period, were screened for the occurrence of ARGs using PCR detection assays. The presence of ARGs in the reclaimed water samples were contrasted with that of water samples taken from the Werribee River Basin, collected over the same time period, from five points selected for varying levels of urban and agricultural impact. Of the 54 river water samples collected, 2 (4%), 2 (4%), 0 and 0 were positive for methicillin, sulfonamide, gentamicin and vancomycin-resistant genes, respectively, while 6 of 11 reclaimed water samples were positive for methicillin (9%) and sulfonamide (45%). The presence/absence of ARGs did not appear to correlate with other measured water quality parameters. The low detection of ARGs in river water indicates that, regardless of its poor quality, the river has not yet been severely contaminated with ARGs. The greater prevalence of ARGs in reclaimed water indicates that this important agricultural water source will need to be monitored into the future. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.2166/wh.2010.102 |
| format | Article |
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Samples of reclaimed water, collected over a one-year period, were screened for the occurrence of ARGs using PCR detection assays. The presence of ARGs in the reclaimed water samples were contrasted with that of water samples taken from the Werribee River Basin, collected over the same time period, from five points selected for varying levels of urban and agricultural impact. Of the 54 river water samples collected, 2 (4%), 2 (4%), 0 and 0 were positive for methicillin, sulfonamide, gentamicin and vancomycin-resistant genes, respectively, while 6 of 11 reclaimed water samples were positive for methicillin (9%) and sulfonamide (45%). The presence/absence of ARGs did not appear to correlate with other measured water quality parameters. The low detection of ARGs in river water indicates that, regardless of its poor quality, the river has not yet been severely contaminated with ARGs. The greater prevalence of ARGs in reclaimed water indicates that this important agricultural water source will need to be monitored into the future.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1477-8920</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1996-7829</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.2166/wh.2010.102</identifier><identifier>PMID: 20375481</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: IWA Publishing</publisher><subject>Anti-Bacterial Agents - analysis ; Antibiotic resistance ; Antibiotics ; Correlation analysis ; Detection ; Disease resistance ; DNA ; Drug resistance ; Drug Resistance, Microbial - genetics ; Environmental Monitoring - methods ; Fresh Water - microbiology ; Freshwater ; Genes ; Genes, Bacterial - genetics ; Gentamicin ; Irrigation water ; Methicillin ; Nucleotide sequence ; PCR ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Reclaimed water ; Reclamation ; River basins ; River water ; Rivers ; Urban agriculture ; Vancomycin ; Victoria ; Water analysis ; Water Microbiology ; Water Pollutants, Chemical - analysis ; Water quality ; Water quality measurements ; Water resistance ; Water sampling ; Water Supply</subject><ispartof>Journal of water and health, 2010-09, Vol.8 (3), p.521-531</ispartof><rights>Copyright IWA Publishing Sep 2010</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c385t-23d875877f6846775e7fd0770bb40e7e0d69275eefd17bc574897c7c087031503</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27901,27902</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20375481$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Barker-Reid, Fiona</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fox, Ellen M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Faggian, Robert</creatorcontrib><title>Occurrence of antibiotic resistance genes in reclaimed water and river water in the Werribee Basin, Australia</title><title>Journal of water and health</title><addtitle>J Water Health</addtitle><description>The purpose of this study was to investigate the occurrence of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in water used for irrigation in the Werribee River Basin, Australia, including river water and reclaimed effluent water (reclaimed water). Samples of reclaimed water, collected over a one-year period, were screened for the occurrence of ARGs using PCR detection assays. The presence of ARGs in the reclaimed water samples were contrasted with that of water samples taken from the Werribee River Basin, collected over the same time period, from five points selected for varying levels of urban and agricultural impact. Of the 54 river water samples collected, 2 (4%), 2 (4%), 0 and 0 were positive for methicillin, sulfonamide, gentamicin and vancomycin-resistant genes, respectively, while 6 of 11 reclaimed water samples were positive for methicillin (9%) and sulfonamide (45%). The presence/absence of ARGs did not appear to correlate with other measured water quality parameters. The low detection of ARGs in river water indicates that, regardless of its poor quality, the river has not yet been severely contaminated with ARGs. 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Samples of reclaimed water, collected over a one-year period, were screened for the occurrence of ARGs using PCR detection assays. The presence of ARGs in the reclaimed water samples were contrasted with that of water samples taken from the Werribee River Basin, collected over the same time period, from five points selected for varying levels of urban and agricultural impact. Of the 54 river water samples collected, 2 (4%), 2 (4%), 0 and 0 were positive for methicillin, sulfonamide, gentamicin and vancomycin-resistant genes, respectively, while 6 of 11 reclaimed water samples were positive for methicillin (9%) and sulfonamide (45%). The presence/absence of ARGs did not appear to correlate with other measured water quality parameters. The low detection of ARGs in river water indicates that, regardless of its poor quality, the river has not yet been severely contaminated with ARGs. 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| identifier | ISSN: 1477-8920 |
| ispartof | Journal of water and health, 2010-09, Vol.8 (3), p.521-531 |
| issn | 1477-8920 1996-7829 |
| language | eng |
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| source | MEDLINE; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals |
| subjects | Anti-Bacterial Agents - analysis Antibiotic resistance Antibiotics Correlation analysis Detection Disease resistance DNA Drug resistance Drug Resistance, Microbial - genetics Environmental Monitoring - methods Fresh Water - microbiology Freshwater Genes Genes, Bacterial - genetics Gentamicin Irrigation water Methicillin Nucleotide sequence PCR Polymerase Chain Reaction Reclaimed water Reclamation River basins River water Rivers Urban agriculture Vancomycin Victoria Water analysis Water Microbiology Water Pollutants, Chemical - analysis Water quality Water quality measurements Water resistance Water sampling Water Supply |
| title | Occurrence of antibiotic resistance genes in reclaimed water and river water in the Werribee Basin, Australia |
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