Characterisation of the water quality from open and rope-pump shallow wells in rural Cambodia
An 8 month investigation into the quality of water from open and rope-pump shallow wells in rural Cambodia was conducted. Wells were analysed for indicators of the health (arsenic, fluoride, manganese, nitrate, total coliforms, E. coli, male-specific coliphage) and aesthetic (iron, chloride, conduct...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Water science and technology 2010, Vol.61 (2), p.473-479 |
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| creator | Bennett, H B Shantz, A Shin, G Sampson, M L Meschke, J S |
| description | An 8 month investigation into the quality of water from open and rope-pump shallow wells in rural Cambodia was conducted. Wells were analysed for indicators of the health (arsenic, fluoride, manganese, nitrate, total coliforms, E. coli, male-specific coliphage) and aesthetic (iron, chloride, conductivity, total dissolved solids, hardnesss, turbidity, pH) quality of the water, and referenced to the Cambodian Drinking Water Standard when available. The shallow aquifer was chemically less of a health risk than the deep aquifer; however, microbial contamination was considerable for both shallow well types with mean E. coli loads of 10(3) CFU/100 mL and male-specific coliphage contamination of 10(2) PFU/eluate. Temporal variation in microbial contamination was significant (p |
| doi_str_mv | 10.2166/wst.2010.817 |
| format | Article |
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Wells were analysed for indicators of the health (arsenic, fluoride, manganese, nitrate, total coliforms, E. coli, male-specific coliphage) and aesthetic (iron, chloride, conductivity, total dissolved solids, hardnesss, turbidity, pH) quality of the water, and referenced to the Cambodian Drinking Water Standard when available. The shallow aquifer was chemically less of a health risk than the deep aquifer; however, microbial contamination was considerable for both shallow well types with mean E. coli loads of 10(3) CFU/100 mL and male-specific coliphage contamination of 10(2) PFU/eluate. Temporal variation in microbial contamination was significant (p<0.05), with overall loads decreasing during the dry season. The aesthetic quality of the water was poor for all samples, but worsened during the dry season. No significant difference was observed in the quality of water from open and rope-pump wells, despite their classification as unimproved and improved respectively by the WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme. Contaminants present in both well types may readily be removed by simple water treatment, suggesting that household treatment may be more beneficial to rural Cambodian households than shallow aquifer source improvements.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0273-1223</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1996-9732</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.2166/wst.2010.817</identifier><identifier>PMID: 20107274</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: IWA Publishing</publisher><subject>Aquifers ; Arsenic ; Cambodia ; Contaminants ; Drinking water ; Dry season ; E coli ; Escherichia coli ; Family Characteristics ; Health risks ; Households ; Manganese ; Microbial contamination ; Microorganisms ; Pollution monitoring ; Pump wells ; Quality ; Rope ; Shallow wells ; Time Factors ; Total dissolved solids ; Turbidity ; Water - chemistry ; Water Microbiology ; Water quality ; Water Supply - standards ; Water treatment</subject><ispartof>Water science and technology, 2010, Vol.61 (2), p.473-479</ispartof><rights>Copyright IWA Publishing Jan 2010</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-a373t-13e1aa34d111eb22864c8d8bfbea8827db4d44ae7dffd3d9165e879ae8cf7fcd3</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,777,781,4010,27904,27905,27906</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20107274$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Bennett, H B</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shantz, A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shin, G</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sampson, M L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Meschke, J S</creatorcontrib><title>Characterisation of the water quality from open and rope-pump shallow wells in rural Cambodia</title><title>Water science and technology</title><addtitle>Water Sci Technol</addtitle><description>An 8 month investigation into the quality of water from open and rope-pump shallow wells in rural Cambodia was conducted. Wells were analysed for indicators of the health (arsenic, fluoride, manganese, nitrate, total coliforms, E. coli, male-specific coliphage) and aesthetic (iron, chloride, conductivity, total dissolved solids, hardnesss, turbidity, pH) quality of the water, and referenced to the Cambodian Drinking Water Standard when available. The shallow aquifer was chemically less of a health risk than the deep aquifer; however, microbial contamination was considerable for both shallow well types with mean E. coli loads of 10(3) CFU/100 mL and male-specific coliphage contamination of 10(2) PFU/eluate. Temporal variation in microbial contamination was significant (p<0.05), with overall loads decreasing during the dry season. The aesthetic quality of the water was poor for all samples, but worsened during the dry season. No significant difference was observed in the quality of water from open and rope-pump wells, despite their classification as unimproved and improved respectively by the WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme. Contaminants present in both well types may readily be removed by simple water treatment, suggesting that household treatment may be more beneficial to rural Cambodian households than shallow aquifer source improvements.</description><subject>Aquifers</subject><subject>Arsenic</subject><subject>Cambodia</subject><subject>Contaminants</subject><subject>Drinking water</subject><subject>Dry season</subject><subject>E coli</subject><subject>Escherichia coli</subject><subject>Family Characteristics</subject><subject>Health risks</subject><subject>Households</subject><subject>Manganese</subject><subject>Microbial contamination</subject><subject>Microorganisms</subject><subject>Pollution monitoring</subject><subject>Pump wells</subject><subject>Quality</subject><subject>Rope</subject><subject>Shallow wells</subject><subject>Time Factors</subject><subject>Total dissolved solids</subject><subject>Turbidity</subject><subject>Water - chemistry</subject><subject>Water Microbiology</subject><subject>Water quality</subject><subject>Water Supply - 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Wells were analysed for indicators of the health (arsenic, fluoride, manganese, nitrate, total coliforms, E. coli, male-specific coliphage) and aesthetic (iron, chloride, conductivity, total dissolved solids, hardnesss, turbidity, pH) quality of the water, and referenced to the Cambodian Drinking Water Standard when available. The shallow aquifer was chemically less of a health risk than the deep aquifer; however, microbial contamination was considerable for both shallow well types with mean E. coli loads of 10(3) CFU/100 mL and male-specific coliphage contamination of 10(2) PFU/eluate. Temporal variation in microbial contamination was significant (p<0.05), with overall loads decreasing during the dry season. The aesthetic quality of the water was poor for all samples, but worsened during the dry season. No significant difference was observed in the quality of water from open and rope-pump wells, despite their classification as unimproved and improved respectively by the WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme. Contaminants present in both well types may readily be removed by simple water treatment, suggesting that household treatment may be more beneficial to rural Cambodian households than shallow aquifer source improvements.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>IWA Publishing</pub><pmid>20107274</pmid><doi>10.2166/wst.2010.817</doi><tpages>7</tpages></addata></record> |
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| identifier | ISSN: 0273-1223 |
| ispartof | Water science and technology, 2010, Vol.61 (2), p.473-479 |
| issn | 0273-1223 1996-9732 |
| language | eng |
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| source | MEDLINE; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals |
| subjects | Aquifers Arsenic Cambodia Contaminants Drinking water Dry season E coli Escherichia coli Family Characteristics Health risks Households Manganese Microbial contamination Microorganisms Pollution monitoring Pump wells Quality Rope Shallow wells Time Factors Total dissolved solids Turbidity Water - chemistry Water Microbiology Water quality Water Supply - standards Water treatment |
| title | Characterisation of the water quality from open and rope-pump shallow wells in rural Cambodia |
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