Development of an endocardial-epicardial gradient of activation rate during electrically induced, sustained ventricular fibrillation in dogs

Electrograms recorded with currently available electrodes become indistinct soon after the onset of ventricular fibrillation (VF); thus, little is known about transmural myocardial depolarization during VF. A plunge electrode system (plunge) was developed that registers discrete deflections during V...

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