Anesthetic Technique and the Cytokine and Matrix Metalloproteinase Response to Primary Breast Cancer Surgery

Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women. Surgery remains the most effective treatment. Several perioperative factors, including the surgical stress response, many anesthetics and opioids, adversely affect immune function. Regional anesthesia-analgesia attenuates perioperative immunosupp...

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Veröffentlicht in:Regional anesthesia and pain medicine 2010-11, Vol.35 (6), p.490-495
Hauptverfasser: Deegan, Catherine A., Murray, David, Doran, Peter, Moriarty, Denis C., Sessler, Daniel I., Mascha, Ed, Kavanagh, Brian P., Buggy, Donal J.
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container_end_page 495
container_issue 6
container_start_page 490
container_title Regional anesthesia and pain medicine
container_volume 35
creator Deegan, Catherine A.
Murray, David
Doran, Peter
Moriarty, Denis C.
Sessler, Daniel I.
Mascha, Ed
Kavanagh, Brian P.
Buggy, Donal J.
description Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women. Surgery remains the most effective treatment. Several perioperative factors, including the surgical stress response, many anesthetics and opioids, adversely affect immune function. Regional anesthesia-analgesia attenuates perioperative immunosuppression. We tested the hypothesis that patients who receive combined propofol/paravertebral anesthesia-analgesia (propofol/paravertebral) exhibited reduced levels of protumorigenic cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and elevated levels of antitumorigenic cytokines compared with patients receiving sevoflurane anesthesia with opioid analgesia (sevoflurane/opioid). Primary breast cancer surgery patients were randomized to propofol/paravertebral (n = 15) or sevoflurane/opioid (n = 17) and preoperative and postoperative serum concentrations of 11 cytokines (interleukin 1β [IL-1β], IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12p70, IL-13, interferon γ, and tumor necrosis factor α) and 3 MMPs (MMP-1, MMP-3, and MMP-9) were measured. Treatment groups were well balanced for age, weight, surgical procedure, and cancer pathologic diagnosis. Pain scores were lower at 1 and 2 hrs with paravertebral analgesia compared with morphine but similar at 24 hrs. Patients in the propofol/paravertebral group showed a greater percentage decrease in postoperative compared with preoperative IL-1β (median [quartiles], −26% [−15% to −52%] versus −4% [−14% to 2%], P = 0.003), a significant attenuation in elevated MMP-3 (2% [−39% to 12%] versus 29% [23%–59%], P = 0.011) and MMP-9 (26% [13%–54%] versus 74% [50%–108%], P = 0.02), and a significant increase in IL-10 (10% [5%–33%] versus −15% [20% to −2%], P = 0.001) compared with sevoflurane/opioid group. No significantly different changes in IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12p70, IL-13, interferon γ, tumor necrosis factor α, or MMP-1 were observed between the 2 groups. Propofol/paravertebral anesthesia-analgesia for breast cancer surgery alters a minority of cytokines influential in regulating perioperative cancer immunity. Further evaluation is required to determine the significance of these observations.
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Surgery remains the most effective treatment. Several perioperative factors, including the surgical stress response, many anesthetics and opioids, adversely affect immune function. Regional anesthesia-analgesia attenuates perioperative immunosuppression. We tested the hypothesis that patients who receive combined propofol/paravertebral anesthesia-analgesia (propofol/paravertebral) exhibited reduced levels of protumorigenic cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and elevated levels of antitumorigenic cytokines compared with patients receiving sevoflurane anesthesia with opioid analgesia (sevoflurane/opioid). Primary breast cancer surgery patients were randomized to propofol/paravertebral (n = 15) or sevoflurane/opioid (n = 17) and preoperative and postoperative serum concentrations of 11 cytokines (interleukin 1β [IL-1β], IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12p70, IL-13, interferon γ, and tumor necrosis factor α) and 3 MMPs (MMP-1, MMP-3, and MMP-9) were measured. 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Surgery remains the most effective treatment. Several perioperative factors, including the surgical stress response, many anesthetics and opioids, adversely affect immune function. Regional anesthesia-analgesia attenuates perioperative immunosuppression. We tested the hypothesis that patients who receive combined propofol/paravertebral anesthesia-analgesia (propofol/paravertebral) exhibited reduced levels of protumorigenic cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and elevated levels of antitumorigenic cytokines compared with patients receiving sevoflurane anesthesia with opioid analgesia (sevoflurane/opioid). Primary breast cancer surgery patients were randomized to propofol/paravertebral (n = 15) or sevoflurane/opioid (n = 17) and preoperative and postoperative serum concentrations of 11 cytokines (interleukin 1β [IL-1β], IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12p70, IL-13, interferon γ, and tumor necrosis factor α) and 3 MMPs (MMP-1, MMP-3, and MMP-9) were measured. Treatment groups were well balanced for age, weight, surgical procedure, and cancer pathologic diagnosis. Pain scores were lower at 1 and 2 hrs with paravertebral analgesia compared with morphine but similar at 24 hrs. Patients in the propofol/paravertebral group showed a greater percentage decrease in postoperative compared with preoperative IL-1β (median [quartiles], −26% [−15% to −52%] versus −4% [−14% to 2%], P = 0.003), a significant attenuation in elevated MMP-3 (2% [−39% to 12%] versus 29% [23%–59%], P = 0.011) and MMP-9 (26% [13%–54%] versus 74% [50%–108%], P = 0.02), and a significant increase in IL-10 (10% [5%–33%] versus −15% [20% to −2%], P = 0.001) compared with sevoflurane/opioid group. No significantly different changes in IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12p70, IL-13, interferon γ, tumor necrosis factor α, or MMP-1 were observed between the 2 groups. Propofol/paravertebral anesthesia-analgesia for breast cancer surgery alters a minority of cytokines influential in regulating perioperative cancer immunity. Further evaluation is required to determine the significance of these observations.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>Elsevier Inc</pub><pmid>20975461</pmid><doi>10.1097/AAP.0b013e3181ef4d05</doi><tpages>6</tpages></addata></record>
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identifier ISSN: 1098-7339
ispartof Regional anesthesia and pain medicine, 2010-11, Vol.35 (6), p.490-495
issn 1098-7339
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source MEDLINE; Journals@Ovid Complete
subjects Aged
Analgesics, Opioid - administration & dosage
Anesthesia
Anesthesia, Conduction
Anesthetics, Inhalation - administration & dosage
Anesthetics, Intravenous - administration & dosage
Anesthetics, Local - administration & dosage
Breast cancer
Breast Neoplasms - enzymology
Breast Neoplasms - immunology
Breast Neoplasms - pathology
Breast Neoplasms - surgery
Bupivacaine - administration & dosage
Bupivacaine - analogs & derivatives
Cancer surgery
Cytokines
Cytokines - blood
Female
Humans
Immunity, Cellular - drug effects
Interferon-gamma - blood
Interleukins - blood
Ireland
Levobupivacaine
Mastectomy
Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 - blood
Matrix Metalloproteinase 3 - blood
Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 - blood
Matrix Metalloproteinases - blood
Methyl Ethers - administration & dosage
Middle Aged
Morphine - administration & dosage
Narcotics
Nerve Block
Pain, Postoperative - etiology
Pain, Postoperative - prevention & control
Pilot Projects
Propofol - administration & dosage
Regional anesthesia
Sevoflurane
Time Factors
Treatment Outcome
Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - blood
Tumor necrosis factor-TNF
title Anesthetic Technique and the Cytokine and Matrix Metalloproteinase Response to Primary Breast Cancer Surgery
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