Patterns of Gene Expression in a Scleractinian Coral Undergoing Natural Bleaching
Coral bleaching is a major threat to coral reefs worldwide and is predicted to intensify with increasing global temperature. This study represents the first investigation of gene expression in an Indo-Pacific coral species undergoing natural bleaching which involved the loss of algal symbionts. Quan...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Marine biotechnology (New York, N.Y.) N.Y.), 2010-10, Vol.12 (5), p.594-604 |
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| creator | Seneca, Francois O Forêt, Sylvain Ball, Eldon E Smith-Keune, Carolyn Miller, David J van Oppen, Madeleine J. H |
| description | Coral bleaching is a major threat to coral reefs worldwide and is predicted to intensify with increasing global temperature. This study represents the first investigation of gene expression in an Indo-Pacific coral species undergoing natural bleaching which involved the loss of algal symbionts. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction experiments were conducted to select and evaluate coral internal control genes (ICGs), and to investigate selected coral genes of interest (GOIs) for changes in gene expression in nine colonies of the scleractinian coral Acropora millepora undergoing bleaching at Magnetic Island, Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Among the six ICGs tested, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase and the ribosomal protein genes S7 and L9 exhibited the most constant expression levels between samples from healthy-looking colonies and samples from the same colonies when severely bleached a year later. These ICGs were therefore utilised for normalisation of expression data for seven selected GOIs. Of the seven GOIs, homologues of catalase, C-type lectin and chromoprotein genes were significantly up-regulated as a result of bleaching by factors of 1.81, 1.46 and 1.61 (linear mixed models analysis of variance, P |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s10126-009-9247-5 |
| format | Article |
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Among the six ICGs tested, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase and the ribosomal protein genes S7 and L9 exhibited the most constant expression levels between samples from healthy-looking colonies and samples from the same colonies when severely bleached a year later. These ICGs were therefore utilised for normalisation of expression data for seven selected GOIs. Of the seven GOIs, homologues of catalase, C-type lectin and chromoprotein genes were significantly up-regulated as a result of bleaching by factors of 1.81, 1.46 and 1.61 (linear mixed models analysis of variance, P < 0.05), respectively. We present these genes as potential coral bleaching response genes. In contrast, three genes, including one putative ICG, showed highly variable levels of expression between coral colonies. Potential variation in microhabitat, gene function unrelated to the stress response and individualised stress responses may influence such differences between colonies and need to be better understood when designing and interpreting future studies of gene expression in natural coral populations.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1436-2228</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1436-2236</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s10126-009-9247-5</identifier><identifier>PMID: 20041338</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>New York: New York : Springer-Verlag</publisher><subject>Algae ; Animals ; Anthozoa - physiology ; Barrier reefs ; Biomedical and Life Sciences ; Biotechnology ; Catalase ; Colonies ; Coral bleaching ; Coral Reefs ; Ecological distribution ; Engineering ; Freshwater & Marine Ecology ; Gene expression ; Gene Expression Regulation - physiology ; Genes ; Global temperatures ; Glyceraldehyde ; Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate ; Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase ; Homology ; Inter-colony variability ; Internal control gene ; International ; Life Sciences ; Marine biology ; Microbiology ; Microenvironments ; Microhabitat ; Microhabitats ; Molecular stress response ; Nucleotide sequence ; Oceans and Seas ; Original Article ; PCR ; Phosphates ; Polymerase chain reaction ; Populations ; Proteins ; Proteome - metabolism ; Quantitative PCR ; Studies ; Symbionts ; Temperature effects ; Variance analysis ; Zoology</subject><ispartof>Marine biotechnology (New York, N.Y.), 2010-10, Vol.12 (5), p.594-604</ispartof><rights>Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2009</rights><rights>Marine Biotechnology is a copyright of Springer, 2010.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c461t-f26abe6516135e0d53d617a6b502e75949e25afa37607c89a94ad7a3d4d02e083</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c461t-f26abe6516135e0d53d617a6b502e75949e25afa37607c89a94ad7a3d4d02e083</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10126-009-9247-5$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10126-009-9247-5$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925,41488,42557,51319</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20041338$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Seneca, Francois O</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Forêt, Sylvain</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ball, Eldon E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Smith-Keune, Carolyn</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Miller, David J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>van Oppen, Madeleine J. H</creatorcontrib><title>Patterns of Gene Expression in a Scleractinian Coral Undergoing Natural Bleaching</title><title>Marine biotechnology (New York, N.Y.)</title><addtitle>Mar Biotechnol</addtitle><addtitle>Mar Biotechnol (NY)</addtitle><description>Coral bleaching is a major threat to coral reefs worldwide and is predicted to intensify with increasing global temperature. This study represents the first investigation of gene expression in an Indo-Pacific coral species undergoing natural bleaching which involved the loss of algal symbionts. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction experiments were conducted to select and evaluate coral internal control genes (ICGs), and to investigate selected coral genes of interest (GOIs) for changes in gene expression in nine colonies of the scleractinian coral Acropora millepora undergoing bleaching at Magnetic Island, Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Among the six ICGs tested, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase and the ribosomal protein genes S7 and L9 exhibited the most constant expression levels between samples from healthy-looking colonies and samples from the same colonies when severely bleached a year later. These ICGs were therefore utilised for normalisation of expression data for seven selected GOIs. Of the seven GOIs, homologues of catalase, C-type lectin and chromoprotein genes were significantly up-regulated as a result of bleaching by factors of 1.81, 1.46 and 1.61 (linear mixed models analysis of variance, P < 0.05), respectively. We present these genes as potential coral bleaching response genes. In contrast, three genes, including one putative ICG, showed highly variable levels of expression between coral colonies. Potential variation in microhabitat, gene function unrelated to the stress response and individualised stress responses may influence such differences between colonies and need to be better understood when designing and interpreting future studies of gene expression in natural coral populations.</description><subject>Algae</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Anthozoa - physiology</subject><subject>Barrier reefs</subject><subject>Biomedical and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Biotechnology</subject><subject>Catalase</subject><subject>Colonies</subject><subject>Coral bleaching</subject><subject>Coral Reefs</subject><subject>Ecological distribution</subject><subject>Engineering</subject><subject>Freshwater & Marine Ecology</subject><subject>Gene expression</subject><subject>Gene Expression Regulation - physiology</subject><subject>Genes</subject><subject>Global temperatures</subject><subject>Glyceraldehyde</subject><subject>Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate</subject><subject>Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase</subject><subject>Homology</subject><subject>Inter-colony variability</subject><subject>Internal control gene</subject><subject>International</subject><subject>Life Sciences</subject><subject>Marine biology</subject><subject>Microbiology</subject><subject>Microenvironments</subject><subject>Microhabitat</subject><subject>Microhabitats</subject><subject>Molecular stress response</subject><subject>Nucleotide sequence</subject><subject>Oceans and Seas</subject><subject>Original Article</subject><subject>PCR</subject><subject>Phosphates</subject><subject>Polymerase chain reaction</subject><subject>Populations</subject><subject>Proteins</subject><subject>Proteome - metabolism</subject><subject>Quantitative PCR</subject><subject>Studies</subject><subject>Symbionts</subject><subject>Temperature effects</subject><subject>Variance analysis</subject><subject>Zoology</subject><issn>1436-2228</issn><issn>1436-2236</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2010</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kU1v1DAQhi0Eoh_wA7iAJQ6cUjx2bMdHuioFqeJDZc_WbDJZUmXtxU6k8u_xKm2FeuhpRuPnfWf0mrE3IM5ACPsxgwBpKiFc5WRtK_2MHUOtTCWlMs8fetkcsZOcb0TRWCVesiMpRA1KNcfs5w-cJkoh89jzSwrEL273iXIeYuBD4Miv25ESttMQBgx8FROOfB06Sts4hC3_htN8GJ2PhO3vMnnFXvQ4Znp9V0_Z-vPFr9WX6ur75dfVp6uqrQ1MVS8NbshoMKA0iU6rzoBFs9FCktWudiQ19qisEbZtHLoaO4uqq7sCiEadsg-L7z7FPzPlye-G3NI4YqA4Z2-1aaQE5wr5_hF5E-cUynEenDSNlbWCQsFCtSnmnKj3-zTsMP31IPwhbr_E7Uvc_hC310Xz9s553uyoe1Dc51sAuQC5PIUtpf9WP-H6bhH1GD1u05D9-loKUAJc-cNy7T9itZHQ</recordid><startdate>20101001</startdate><enddate>20101001</enddate><creator>Seneca, Francois O</creator><creator>Forêt, Sylvain</creator><creator>Ball, Eldon E</creator><creator>Smith-Keune, Carolyn</creator><creator>Miller, David J</creator><creator>van Oppen, Madeleine J. 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H</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Patterns of Gene Expression in a Scleractinian Coral Undergoing Natural Bleaching</atitle><jtitle>Marine biotechnology (New York, N.Y.)</jtitle><stitle>Mar Biotechnol</stitle><addtitle>Mar Biotechnol (NY)</addtitle><date>2010-10-01</date><risdate>2010</risdate><volume>12</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>594</spage><epage>604</epage><pages>594-604</pages><issn>1436-2228</issn><eissn>1436-2236</eissn><abstract>Coral bleaching is a major threat to coral reefs worldwide and is predicted to intensify with increasing global temperature. This study represents the first investigation of gene expression in an Indo-Pacific coral species undergoing natural bleaching which involved the loss of algal symbionts. 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We present these genes as potential coral bleaching response genes. In contrast, three genes, including one putative ICG, showed highly variable levels of expression between coral colonies. Potential variation in microhabitat, gene function unrelated to the stress response and individualised stress responses may influence such differences between colonies and need to be better understood when designing and interpreting future studies of gene expression in natural coral populations.</abstract><cop>New York</cop><pub>New York : Springer-Verlag</pub><pmid>20041338</pmid><doi>10.1007/s10126-009-9247-5</doi><tpages>11</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Algae Animals Anthozoa - physiology Barrier reefs Biomedical and Life Sciences Biotechnology Catalase Colonies Coral bleaching Coral Reefs Ecological distribution Engineering Freshwater & Marine Ecology Gene expression Gene Expression Regulation - physiology Genes Global temperatures Glyceraldehyde Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase Homology Inter-colony variability Internal control gene International Life Sciences Marine biology Microbiology Microenvironments Microhabitat Microhabitats Molecular stress response Nucleotide sequence Oceans and Seas Original Article PCR Phosphates Polymerase chain reaction Populations Proteins Proteome - metabolism Quantitative PCR Studies Symbionts Temperature effects Variance analysis Zoology |
| title | Patterns of Gene Expression in a Scleractinian Coral Undergoing Natural Bleaching |
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