Long-term effects of hormone replacement therapy on the uterus and on uterine circulation
Objective: Our purpose was to study the effects of postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy on the uterus and uterine circulation. Study design: The study population consisted of 432 women, 58 to 59 years of age. Color Doppler ultrasonography with a transvaginal probe was used to measure the size...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | American journal of obstetrics and gynecology 1993-02, Vol.168 (2), p.620-623 |
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| container_title | American journal of obstetrics and gynecology |
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| creator | Pirhonen, Jouko P. Vuento, Maarit H. Mäkinen, Juha I. Salmi, Tuula A. |
| description | Objective: Our purpose was to study the effects of postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy on the uterus and uterine circulation.
Study design: The study population consisted of 432 women, 58 to 59 years of age. Color Doppler ultrasonography with a transvaginal probe was used to measure the size of the uterus and the uterine artery pulsatility index.
Results: The mean endometrial thickness in group 1 (controls without hormone replacement therapy) was significantly thinner compared with group 2 with hormone replacement therapy and with group 3 after discontinuance of hormone replacement therapy. The mean uterine artery pulsatility index was lower both in group 2 and 3 compared with group 1. When hormone replacement therapy was initiated 2 to 10 years after menopause, the endometrial thickness did not differ from that among those who had started hormone replacement therapy earlier, but the pulsatility index was significantly higher. There was positive correlation between the size of the uterus and the pulsatility index in group 1, but the correlation was negative in group 2. In general, the duration of hormone replacement therapy had no effect on the pulsatility index. Estrogen users had a significantly thicker endometrium compared with estrogen-progestogen users. The pulsatility index was highest in the estrogen users with progestogen added every month.
Conclusion: The duration, onset of treatment in relation to menopause, discontinuance of hormone replacement therapy, and mode of treatment modify both the normal postmenopausal endometrial thickness and the uterine vascular resistance. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/0002-9378(93)90506-E |
| format | Article |
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Study design: The study population consisted of 432 women, 58 to 59 years of age. Color Doppler ultrasonography with a transvaginal probe was used to measure the size of the uterus and the uterine artery pulsatility index.
Results: The mean endometrial thickness in group 1 (controls without hormone replacement therapy) was significantly thinner compared with group 2 with hormone replacement therapy and with group 3 after discontinuance of hormone replacement therapy. The mean uterine artery pulsatility index was lower both in group 2 and 3 compared with group 1. When hormone replacement therapy was initiated 2 to 10 years after menopause, the endometrial thickness did not differ from that among those who had started hormone replacement therapy earlier, but the pulsatility index was significantly higher. There was positive correlation between the size of the uterus and the pulsatility index in group 1, but the correlation was negative in group 2. In general, the duration of hormone replacement therapy had no effect on the pulsatility index. Estrogen users had a significantly thicker endometrium compared with estrogen-progestogen users. The pulsatility index was highest in the estrogen users with progestogen added every month.
Conclusion: The duration, onset of treatment in relation to menopause, discontinuance of hormone replacement therapy, and mode of treatment modify both the normal postmenopausal endometrial thickness and the uterine vascular resistance.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0002-9378</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1097-6868</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/0002-9378(93)90506-E</identifier><identifier>PMID: 8438940</identifier><identifier>CODEN: AJOGAH</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Philadelphia, PA: Mosby, Inc</publisher><subject>Arteries ; Biological and medical sciences ; Doppler ultrasonography ; Estrogen ; Estrogen Replacement Therapy ; Female ; Genital system. Reproduction ; Humans ; Medical sciences ; menopause ; Middle Aged ; Pharmacology. Drug treatments ; progestogen ; Pulse ; Regional Blood Flow - drug effects ; Time Factors ; Ultrasonography ; uterine artery pulsatility index ; Uterus - blood supply ; Uterus - diagnostic imaging ; Uterus - drug effects</subject><ispartof>American journal of obstetrics and gynecology, 1993-02, Vol.168 (2), p.620-623</ispartof><rights>1993 Mosby</rights><rights>1993 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c483t-57b4edefaa6d1832580548c093437b745a4372ed91ae1fbe81c566ec42e10aac3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c483t-57b4edefaa6d1832580548c093437b745a4372ed91ae1fbe81c566ec42e10aac3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(93)90506-E$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,3550,27924,27925,45995</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=4678059$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8438940$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Pirhonen, Jouko P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vuento, Maarit H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mäkinen, Juha I.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Salmi, Tuula A.</creatorcontrib><title>Long-term effects of hormone replacement therapy on the uterus and on uterine circulation</title><title>American journal of obstetrics and gynecology</title><addtitle>Am J Obstet Gynecol</addtitle><description>Objective: Our purpose was to study the effects of postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy on the uterus and uterine circulation.
Study design: The study population consisted of 432 women, 58 to 59 years of age. Color Doppler ultrasonography with a transvaginal probe was used to measure the size of the uterus and the uterine artery pulsatility index.
Results: The mean endometrial thickness in group 1 (controls without hormone replacement therapy) was significantly thinner compared with group 2 with hormone replacement therapy and with group 3 after discontinuance of hormone replacement therapy. The mean uterine artery pulsatility index was lower both in group 2 and 3 compared with group 1. When hormone replacement therapy was initiated 2 to 10 years after menopause, the endometrial thickness did not differ from that among those who had started hormone replacement therapy earlier, but the pulsatility index was significantly higher. There was positive correlation between the size of the uterus and the pulsatility index in group 1, but the correlation was negative in group 2. In general, the duration of hormone replacement therapy had no effect on the pulsatility index. Estrogen users had a significantly thicker endometrium compared with estrogen-progestogen users. The pulsatility index was highest in the estrogen users with progestogen added every month.
Conclusion: The duration, onset of treatment in relation to menopause, discontinuance of hormone replacement therapy, and mode of treatment modify both the normal postmenopausal endometrial thickness and the uterine vascular resistance.</description><subject>Arteries</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Doppler ultrasonography</subject><subject>Estrogen</subject><subject>Estrogen Replacement Therapy</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Genital system. Reproduction</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>menopause</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Pharmacology. Drug treatments</subject><subject>progestogen</subject><subject>Pulse</subject><subject>Regional Blood Flow - drug effects</subject><subject>Time Factors</subject><subject>Ultrasonography</subject><subject>uterine artery pulsatility index</subject><subject>Uterus - blood supply</subject><subject>Uterus - diagnostic imaging</subject><subject>Uterus - drug effects</subject><issn>0002-9378</issn><issn>1097-6868</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1993</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkU1r3DAQhkVJ2GzT_oMGfAilPbiVrA9Ll0BZNh-w0Et76EnI8jirYEsbyQ7sv4-cXfaYXjSamecdpHcQ-kLwD4KJ-IkxrkpFa_lN0e8KcyzK9Qe0JFjVpZBCnqHlCblAH1N6mtNKVQu0kIxKxfAS_dsE_1iOEIcCug7smIrQFdsQh-ChiLDrjYUB_FiMW4hmty-Cn6_FlDVTKoxv58qcuSywLtqpN6ML_hM670yf4PMxXqK_t-s_q_ty8_vuYfVrU1om6VjyumHQQmeMaImkFZeYM2mxoozWTc24ybGCVhEDpGtAEsuFAMsqINgYSy_R18PcXQzPE6RRDy5Z6HvjIUxJ11xgziX9L0gEr2SteAbZAbQxpBSh07voBhP3mmA9W69nI_Xsaz70m_V6nWVXx_lTM0B7Eh29zv3rY98ka_ouGm9dOmFM1PnrKmM3BwyyaS8Ook7WgbfQupj3o9vg3n_HKzscoBc</recordid><startdate>19930201</startdate><enddate>19930201</enddate><creator>Pirhonen, Jouko P.</creator><creator>Vuento, Maarit H.</creator><creator>Mäkinen, Juha I.</creator><creator>Salmi, Tuula A.</creator><general>Mosby, Inc</general><general>Elsevier</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>19930201</creationdate><title>Long-term effects of hormone replacement therapy on the uterus and on uterine circulation</title><author>Pirhonen, Jouko P. ; Vuento, Maarit H. ; Mäkinen, Juha I. ; Salmi, Tuula A.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c483t-57b4edefaa6d1832580548c093437b745a4372ed91ae1fbe81c566ec42e10aac3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1993</creationdate><topic>Arteries</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Doppler ultrasonography</topic><topic>Estrogen</topic><topic>Estrogen Replacement Therapy</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Genital system. Reproduction</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>menopause</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Pharmacology. Drug treatments</topic><topic>progestogen</topic><topic>Pulse</topic><topic>Regional Blood Flow - drug effects</topic><topic>Time Factors</topic><topic>Ultrasonography</topic><topic>uterine artery pulsatility index</topic><topic>Uterus - blood supply</topic><topic>Uterus - diagnostic imaging</topic><topic>Uterus - drug effects</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Pirhonen, Jouko P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vuento, Maarit H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mäkinen, Juha I.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Salmi, Tuula A.</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>American journal of obstetrics and gynecology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Pirhonen, Jouko P.</au><au>Vuento, Maarit H.</au><au>Mäkinen, Juha I.</au><au>Salmi, Tuula A.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Long-term effects of hormone replacement therapy on the uterus and on uterine circulation</atitle><jtitle>American journal of obstetrics and gynecology</jtitle><addtitle>Am J Obstet Gynecol</addtitle><date>1993-02-01</date><risdate>1993</risdate><volume>168</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>620</spage><epage>623</epage><pages>620-623</pages><issn>0002-9378</issn><eissn>1097-6868</eissn><coden>AJOGAH</coden><abstract>Objective: Our purpose was to study the effects of postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy on the uterus and uterine circulation.
Study design: The study population consisted of 432 women, 58 to 59 years of age. Color Doppler ultrasonography with a transvaginal probe was used to measure the size of the uterus and the uterine artery pulsatility index.
Results: The mean endometrial thickness in group 1 (controls without hormone replacement therapy) was significantly thinner compared with group 2 with hormone replacement therapy and with group 3 after discontinuance of hormone replacement therapy. The mean uterine artery pulsatility index was lower both in group 2 and 3 compared with group 1. When hormone replacement therapy was initiated 2 to 10 years after menopause, the endometrial thickness did not differ from that among those who had started hormone replacement therapy earlier, but the pulsatility index was significantly higher. There was positive correlation between the size of the uterus and the pulsatility index in group 1, but the correlation was negative in group 2. In general, the duration of hormone replacement therapy had no effect on the pulsatility index. Estrogen users had a significantly thicker endometrium compared with estrogen-progestogen users. The pulsatility index was highest in the estrogen users with progestogen added every month.
Conclusion: The duration, onset of treatment in relation to menopause, discontinuance of hormone replacement therapy, and mode of treatment modify both the normal postmenopausal endometrial thickness and the uterine vascular resistance.</abstract><cop>Philadelphia, PA</cop><pub>Mosby, Inc</pub><pmid>8438940</pmid><doi>10.1016/0002-9378(93)90506-E</doi><tpages>4</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | American journal of obstetrics and gynecology, 1993-02, Vol.168 (2), p.620-623 |
| issn | 0002-9378 1097-6868 |
| language | eng |
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| source | MEDLINE; Access via ScienceDirect (Elsevier) |
| subjects | Arteries Biological and medical sciences Doppler ultrasonography Estrogen Estrogen Replacement Therapy Female Genital system. Reproduction Humans Medical sciences menopause Middle Aged Pharmacology. Drug treatments progestogen Pulse Regional Blood Flow - drug effects Time Factors Ultrasonography uterine artery pulsatility index Uterus - blood supply Uterus - diagnostic imaging Uterus - drug effects |
| title | Long-term effects of hormone replacement therapy on the uterus and on uterine circulation |
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