Is gender difference in postnatal thyroid growth associated with specific expression patterns of androgen and estrogen receptors?
▶ AR expression in neonatal rat thyroid exhibits gender difference, whereas ERs show no difference. ▶ Testosterone stimulates IGF-1 and NIS genes expression and thyrocytes proliferation in both sex. ▶ Estradiol stimulates IGF-1 and NIS genes expression and thyrocytes proliferation in females alone....
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| creator | Stanley, Jone A. Aruldhas, Michael M. Yuvaraju, Purushothaman B. Banu, Sakhila K. Anbalagan, Jaganathan Neelamohan, Ramalingam Annapoorna, Kannan Jayaraman, Gopal |
| description | ▶ AR expression in neonatal rat thyroid exhibits gender difference, whereas ERs show no difference. ▶ Testosterone stimulates IGF-1 and NIS genes expression and thyrocytes proliferation in both sex. ▶ Estradiol stimulates IGF-1 and NIS genes expression and thyrocytes proliferation in females alone. ▶ We conclude that androgens promote postnatal thyroid growth with no gender bias. ▶ Estrogens may impart gender difference at a level beyond its receptor expression.
Variations in sex steroids bioavailability were linked to the gender difference in the growth of thyroid glands of neonatal rats. In the present study we tested androgen receptor (AR) and estrogen receptor (ER) concentrations by ligand binding assay, and expression of their genes by RT-PCR and Western blot in the thyroid glands of neonatal rats. AR concentration remained elevated from postnatal day (PND) 10 onwards in males, whereas it decreased by PND 20 in females. AR mRNA and protein expressions were higher in males than females, which increased by PND 10, decreased after PND 15 and reached the nadir by PND 20. ER concentration increased by PND 10 and decreased thereafter in both sex. ERα mRNA expression diminished by PND 15 in both sex; while ERβ mRNA decreased by PND 15 to reach the nadir by PND 20 in males, it was augmented by PND 10 in females to reach the peak by PND 15 and diminished by PND 20. ERα protein expression increased by PND 10 and remained elevated till PND 20 in both sex. ERβ protein expression in males increased by PND 10 and decreased by PND 20, while it remained static up to PND 15 and decreased in females. Testosterone stimulated [
3H]-thymidine uptake and the expression of IGF-1 and NIS genes in thyrocytes of both sex
in vitro, while estradiol stimulated them in females but not in males. We conclude that androgens influence the growth and differentiation of thyrocytes through augmented expression of AR, IGF-1 and NIS in either sex, whereas estrogen imparts the gender difference, which may be at a level beyond the expression of ERs. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.steroids.2010.06.009 |
| format | Article |
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Variations in sex steroids bioavailability were linked to the gender difference in the growth of thyroid glands of neonatal rats. In the present study we tested androgen receptor (AR) and estrogen receptor (ER) concentrations by ligand binding assay, and expression of their genes by RT-PCR and Western blot in the thyroid glands of neonatal rats. AR concentration remained elevated from postnatal day (PND) 10 onwards in males, whereas it decreased by PND 20 in females. AR mRNA and protein expressions were higher in males than females, which increased by PND 10, decreased after PND 15 and reached the nadir by PND 20. ER concentration increased by PND 10 and decreased thereafter in both sex. ERα mRNA expression diminished by PND 15 in both sex; while ERβ mRNA decreased by PND 15 to reach the nadir by PND 20 in males, it was augmented by PND 10 in females to reach the peak by PND 15 and diminished by PND 20. ERα protein expression increased by PND 10 and remained elevated till PND 20 in both sex. ERβ protein expression in males increased by PND 10 and decreased by PND 20, while it remained static up to PND 15 and decreased in females. Testosterone stimulated [
3H]-thymidine uptake and the expression of IGF-1 and NIS genes in thyrocytes of both sex
in vitro, while estradiol stimulated them in females but not in males. We conclude that androgens influence the growth and differentiation of thyrocytes through augmented expression of AR, IGF-1 and NIS in either sex, whereas estrogen imparts the gender difference, which may be at a level beyond the expression of ERs.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0039-128X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1878-5867</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2010.06.009</identifier><identifier>PMID: 20670640</identifier><identifier>CODEN: STEDAM</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Kidlington: Elsevier Inc</publisher><subject>Androgen receptor ; Androgens - metabolism ; Animals ; Biological and medical sciences ; Biological Transport ; Estradiol - blood ; Estradiol - metabolism ; Estrogen receptor ; Estrogens - metabolism ; Female ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental ; Insulin like growth factor-1 ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I - genetics ; Male ; Rats ; Receptors, Androgen - genetics ; Receptors, Androgen - metabolism ; Receptors, Estrogen - genetics ; Receptors, Estrogen - metabolism ; RNA, Messenger - genetics ; RNA, Messenger - metabolism ; Sex Characteristics ; Sodium–iodide symporter ; Symporters - genetics ; Testosterone - blood ; Testosterone - metabolism ; Thymidine - metabolism ; Thyrocytes ; Thyroid Gland - growth & development ; Thyroid Gland - metabolism ; Time Factors ; Vertebrates: endocrinology</subject><ispartof>Steroids, 2010-12, Vol.75 (13), p.1058-1066</ispartof><rights>2010 Elsevier Inc.</rights><rights>2015 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c397t-480a0535fdfbf97fe879eb53357774ef5bbb804ba6a5336b56f11b18c2123b7a3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c397t-480a0535fdfbf97fe879eb53357774ef5bbb804ba6a5336b56f11b18c2123b7a3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0039128X10001728$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,3536,27903,27904,65309</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=23312346$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20670640$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Stanley, Jone A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Aruldhas, Michael M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yuvaraju, Purushothaman B.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Banu, Sakhila K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Anbalagan, Jaganathan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Neelamohan, Ramalingam</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Annapoorna, Kannan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jayaraman, Gopal</creatorcontrib><title>Is gender difference in postnatal thyroid growth associated with specific expression patterns of androgen and estrogen receptors?</title><title>Steroids</title><addtitle>Steroids</addtitle><description>▶ AR expression in neonatal rat thyroid exhibits gender difference, whereas ERs show no difference. ▶ Testosterone stimulates IGF-1 and NIS genes expression and thyrocytes proliferation in both sex. ▶ Estradiol stimulates IGF-1 and NIS genes expression and thyrocytes proliferation in females alone. ▶ We conclude that androgens promote postnatal thyroid growth with no gender bias. ▶ Estrogens may impart gender difference at a level beyond its receptor expression.
Variations in sex steroids bioavailability were linked to the gender difference in the growth of thyroid glands of neonatal rats. In the present study we tested androgen receptor (AR) and estrogen receptor (ER) concentrations by ligand binding assay, and expression of their genes by RT-PCR and Western blot in the thyroid glands of neonatal rats. AR concentration remained elevated from postnatal day (PND) 10 onwards in males, whereas it decreased by PND 20 in females. AR mRNA and protein expressions were higher in males than females, which increased by PND 10, decreased after PND 15 and reached the nadir by PND 20. ER concentration increased by PND 10 and decreased thereafter in both sex. ERα mRNA expression diminished by PND 15 in both sex; while ERβ mRNA decreased by PND 15 to reach the nadir by PND 20 in males, it was augmented by PND 10 in females to reach the peak by PND 15 and diminished by PND 20. ERα protein expression increased by PND 10 and remained elevated till PND 20 in both sex. ERβ protein expression in males increased by PND 10 and decreased by PND 20, while it remained static up to PND 15 and decreased in females. Testosterone stimulated [
3H]-thymidine uptake and the expression of IGF-1 and NIS genes in thyrocytes of both sex
in vitro, while estradiol stimulated them in females but not in males. We conclude that androgens influence the growth and differentiation of thyrocytes through augmented expression of AR, IGF-1 and NIS in either sex, whereas estrogen imparts the gender difference, which may be at a level beyond the expression of ERs.</description><subject>Androgen receptor</subject><subject>Androgens - metabolism</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Biological Transport</subject><subject>Estradiol - blood</subject><subject>Estradiol - metabolism</subject><subject>Estrogen receptor</subject><subject>Estrogens - metabolism</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental</subject><subject>Insulin like growth factor-1</subject><subject>Insulin-Like Growth Factor I - genetics</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Rats</subject><subject>Receptors, Androgen - genetics</subject><subject>Receptors, Androgen - metabolism</subject><subject>Receptors, Estrogen - genetics</subject><subject>Receptors, Estrogen - metabolism</subject><subject>RNA, Messenger - genetics</subject><subject>RNA, Messenger - metabolism</subject><subject>Sex Characteristics</subject><subject>Sodium–iodide symporter</subject><subject>Symporters - genetics</subject><subject>Testosterone - blood</subject><subject>Testosterone - metabolism</subject><subject>Thymidine - metabolism</subject><subject>Thyrocytes</subject><subject>Thyroid Gland - growth & development</subject><subject>Thyroid Gland - metabolism</subject><subject>Time Factors</subject><subject>Vertebrates: endocrinology</subject><issn>0039-128X</issn><issn>1878-5867</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2010</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkU1v1DAQhi0EokvhL1S-IE5Z7Di2kxOgio9KlbiAxM2ynXHrVTYOHm9Lj_xzHO0WjpzsGT3jefWYkAvOtpxx9Xa3xQI5xRG3LatNpraMDU_Ihve6b2Sv9FOyYUwMDW_7H2fkBeKOMabE0D4nZy1TmqmObcjvK6Q3MI-Q6RhDgAyzBxpnuiQssy12ouX2YV1Eb3K6L7fUIiYfbYGR3sda4wI-hugp_FoyIMZUh22p6WakKVA7jznVFeuFApZjkcHDUlLGdy_Js2AnhFen85x8__Tx2-WX5vrr56vLD9eNF4MuTdczy6SQYQwuDDpArwdwUgipte4gSOdczzpnla1N5aQKnDve-5a3wmkrzsmb47tLTj8PNYjZR_QwTXaGdECjpexYJ_uukupI-pwQMwSz5Li3-cFwZlb7Zmce7ZvVvmHKVPt18OK04uD2MP4de9RdgdcnwKK3U8h29hH_cULUsJ2q3PsjB1XIXYRs0Mf1Z8ZYxRUzpvi_LH8Ahk2qGQ</recordid><startdate>20101212</startdate><enddate>20101212</enddate><creator>Stanley, Jone A.</creator><creator>Aruldhas, Michael M.</creator><creator>Yuvaraju, Purushothaman B.</creator><creator>Banu, Sakhila K.</creator><creator>Anbalagan, Jaganathan</creator><creator>Neelamohan, Ramalingam</creator><creator>Annapoorna, Kannan</creator><creator>Jayaraman, Gopal</creator><general>Elsevier Inc</general><general>Elsevier</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20101212</creationdate><title>Is gender difference in postnatal thyroid growth associated with specific expression patterns of androgen and estrogen receptors?</title><author>Stanley, Jone A. ; Aruldhas, Michael M. ; Yuvaraju, Purushothaman B. ; Banu, Sakhila K. ; Anbalagan, Jaganathan ; Neelamohan, Ramalingam ; Annapoorna, Kannan ; Jayaraman, Gopal</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c397t-480a0535fdfbf97fe879eb53357774ef5bbb804ba6a5336b56f11b18c2123b7a3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2010</creationdate><topic>Androgen receptor</topic><topic>Androgens - metabolism</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Biological Transport</topic><topic>Estradiol - blood</topic><topic>Estradiol - metabolism</topic><topic>Estrogen receptor</topic><topic>Estrogens - metabolism</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental</topic><topic>Insulin like growth factor-1</topic><topic>Insulin-Like Growth Factor I - genetics</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Rats</topic><topic>Receptors, Androgen - genetics</topic><topic>Receptors, Androgen - metabolism</topic><topic>Receptors, Estrogen - genetics</topic><topic>Receptors, Estrogen - metabolism</topic><topic>RNA, Messenger - genetics</topic><topic>RNA, Messenger - metabolism</topic><topic>Sex Characteristics</topic><topic>Sodium–iodide symporter</topic><topic>Symporters - genetics</topic><topic>Testosterone - blood</topic><topic>Testosterone - metabolism</topic><topic>Thymidine - metabolism</topic><topic>Thyrocytes</topic><topic>Thyroid Gland - growth & development</topic><topic>Thyroid Gland - metabolism</topic><topic>Time Factors</topic><topic>Vertebrates: endocrinology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Stanley, Jone A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Aruldhas, Michael M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yuvaraju, Purushothaman B.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Banu, Sakhila K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Anbalagan, Jaganathan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Neelamohan, Ramalingam</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Annapoorna, Kannan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jayaraman, Gopal</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Steroids</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Stanley, Jone A.</au><au>Aruldhas, Michael M.</au><au>Yuvaraju, Purushothaman B.</au><au>Banu, Sakhila K.</au><au>Anbalagan, Jaganathan</au><au>Neelamohan, Ramalingam</au><au>Annapoorna, Kannan</au><au>Jayaraman, Gopal</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Is gender difference in postnatal thyroid growth associated with specific expression patterns of androgen and estrogen receptors?</atitle><jtitle>Steroids</jtitle><addtitle>Steroids</addtitle><date>2010-12-12</date><risdate>2010</risdate><volume>75</volume><issue>13</issue><spage>1058</spage><epage>1066</epage><pages>1058-1066</pages><issn>0039-128X</issn><eissn>1878-5867</eissn><coden>STEDAM</coden><abstract>▶ AR expression in neonatal rat thyroid exhibits gender difference, whereas ERs show no difference. ▶ Testosterone stimulates IGF-1 and NIS genes expression and thyrocytes proliferation in both sex. ▶ Estradiol stimulates IGF-1 and NIS genes expression and thyrocytes proliferation in females alone. ▶ We conclude that androgens promote postnatal thyroid growth with no gender bias. ▶ Estrogens may impart gender difference at a level beyond its receptor expression.
Variations in sex steroids bioavailability were linked to the gender difference in the growth of thyroid glands of neonatal rats. In the present study we tested androgen receptor (AR) and estrogen receptor (ER) concentrations by ligand binding assay, and expression of their genes by RT-PCR and Western blot in the thyroid glands of neonatal rats. AR concentration remained elevated from postnatal day (PND) 10 onwards in males, whereas it decreased by PND 20 in females. AR mRNA and protein expressions were higher in males than females, which increased by PND 10, decreased after PND 15 and reached the nadir by PND 20. ER concentration increased by PND 10 and decreased thereafter in both sex. ERα mRNA expression diminished by PND 15 in both sex; while ERβ mRNA decreased by PND 15 to reach the nadir by PND 20 in males, it was augmented by PND 10 in females to reach the peak by PND 15 and diminished by PND 20. ERα protein expression increased by PND 10 and remained elevated till PND 20 in both sex. ERβ protein expression in males increased by PND 10 and decreased by PND 20, while it remained static up to PND 15 and decreased in females. Testosterone stimulated [
3H]-thymidine uptake and the expression of IGF-1 and NIS genes in thyrocytes of both sex
in vitro, while estradiol stimulated them in females but not in males. We conclude that androgens influence the growth and differentiation of thyrocytes through augmented expression of AR, IGF-1 and NIS in either sex, whereas estrogen imparts the gender difference, which may be at a level beyond the expression of ERs.</abstract><cop>Kidlington</cop><pub>Elsevier Inc</pub><pmid>20670640</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.steroids.2010.06.009</doi><tpages>9</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Androgen receptor Androgens - metabolism Animals Biological and medical sciences Biological Transport Estradiol - blood Estradiol - metabolism Estrogen receptor Estrogens - metabolism Female Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental Insulin like growth factor-1 Insulin-Like Growth Factor I - genetics Male Rats Receptors, Androgen - genetics Receptors, Androgen - metabolism Receptors, Estrogen - genetics Receptors, Estrogen - metabolism RNA, Messenger - genetics RNA, Messenger - metabolism Sex Characteristics Sodium–iodide symporter Symporters - genetics Testosterone - blood Testosterone - metabolism Thymidine - metabolism Thyrocytes Thyroid Gland - growth & development Thyroid Gland - metabolism Time Factors Vertebrates: endocrinology |
| title | Is gender difference in postnatal thyroid growth associated with specific expression patterns of androgen and estrogen receptors? |
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