Electrochemical method for the rapid on site screening of cadmium and lead in soil and water samples
Rapid field-based screening methods for the semi-quantitative determination of heavy metals are desirable to support the increasing demand for the rapid characterization of contaminated sites. Single-use sensors have been fabricated using low-cost screen-printing (thick film) technology. These elect...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Water, air, and soil pollution air, and soil pollution, 2007-02, Vol.179 (1-4), p.183-195 |
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description | Rapid field-based screening methods for the semi-quantitative determination of heavy metals are desirable to support the increasing demand for the rapid characterization of contaminated sites. Single-use sensors have been fabricated using low-cost screen-printing (thick film) technology. These electrodes, coupled with differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry (DPASV), have provided a rapid, inexpensive on site screening device for the simultaneous field-based determination of cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) in soil and water samples in the microgram per litre/kilogram range. A simplified soil extraction procedure, using 1mol l super(-1) aqua regia and a 3min ultrasonic sample agitation, has been developed to allow field-based device usage. Extraction efficiency was evaluated using a soil certified reference material (CRM). Recoveries of 64% and 52% for Cd and Pb respectively were obtained, with a relative standard deviation (RSD) of |
doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s11270-006-9223-x |
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Single-use sensors have been fabricated using low-cost screen-printing (thick film) technology. These electrodes, coupled with differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry (DPASV), have provided a rapid, inexpensive on site screening device for the simultaneous field-based determination of cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) in soil and water samples in the microgram per litre/kilogram range. A simplified soil extraction procedure, using 1mol l super(-1) aqua regia and a 3min ultrasonic sample agitation, has been developed to allow field-based device usage. Extraction efficiency was evaluated using a soil certified reference material (CRM). Recoveries of 64% and 52% for Cd and Pb respectively were obtained, with a relative standard deviation (RSD) of <8% for both analytes (n = 10). Soil samples (82) were tested using the combined extraction-DPASV procedure and compared against standard ICP-AES analysis. Correlation coefficients of 0.9782 and 0.9728 for Cd and Pb respectively demonstrate good correlation between methods. Analytical data is also reported for copper (Cu), but significant peak distortions reduce the confidence of the method for this metal. Results indicate that the combined extraction-DPASV method yields semi-quantitative data for rapid field-based site screening purposes.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0049-6979</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1573-2932</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s11270-006-9223-x</identifier><identifier>CODEN: WAPLAC</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Dordrecht: Springer</publisher><subject>Analysis methods ; Analytical chemistry ; Applied sciences ; Cadmium ; Chemistry ; Correlation coefficient ; Devices ; Electrochemical methods ; Electrochemistry ; Emission analysis ; Environmental monitoring ; Exact sciences and technology ; Extraction ; Heavy metals ; Inductively coupled plasma ; Lead ; Lead (metal) ; Natural water pollution ; Pollution ; Screening ; Soil (material) ; Soil and sediments pollution ; Soil pollution ; Soils ; Standard deviation ; Studies ; Water analysis ; Water sampling ; Water treatment and pollution</subject><ispartof>Water, air, and soil pollution, 2007-02, Vol.179 (1-4), p.183-195</ispartof><rights>2007 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2007</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-a487t-79fd228e501f104d9abacf7d9df5f86e47c60579b589fb5fac97add67df43fc53</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-a487t-79fd228e501f104d9abacf7d9df5f86e47c60579b589fb5fac97add67df43fc53</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=18562132$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>COOPER, Joanne</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>BOLBOT, John Anthony</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>SAINI, Selwayan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>SETFORD, Steven John</creatorcontrib><title>Electrochemical method for the rapid on site screening of cadmium and lead in soil and water samples</title><title>Water, air, and soil pollution</title><description>Rapid field-based screening methods for the semi-quantitative determination of heavy metals are desirable to support the increasing demand for the rapid characterization of contaminated sites. Single-use sensors have been fabricated using low-cost screen-printing (thick film) technology. These electrodes, coupled with differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry (DPASV), have provided a rapid, inexpensive on site screening device for the simultaneous field-based determination of cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) in soil and water samples in the microgram per litre/kilogram range. A simplified soil extraction procedure, using 1mol l super(-1) aqua regia and a 3min ultrasonic sample agitation, has been developed to allow field-based device usage. Extraction efficiency was evaluated using a soil certified reference material (CRM). Recoveries of 64% and 52% for Cd and Pb respectively were obtained, with a relative standard deviation (RSD) of <8% for both analytes (n = 10). Soil samples (82) were tested using the combined extraction-DPASV procedure and compared against standard ICP-AES analysis. Correlation coefficients of 0.9782 and 0.9728 for Cd and Pb respectively demonstrate good correlation between methods. Analytical data is also reported for copper (Cu), but significant peak distortions reduce the confidence of the method for this metal. Results indicate that the combined extraction-DPASV method yields semi-quantitative data for rapid field-based site screening purposes.</description><subject>Analysis methods</subject><subject>Analytical chemistry</subject><subject>Applied sciences</subject><subject>Cadmium</subject><subject>Chemistry</subject><subject>Correlation coefficient</subject><subject>Devices</subject><subject>Electrochemical methods</subject><subject>Electrochemistry</subject><subject>Emission analysis</subject><subject>Environmental monitoring</subject><subject>Exact sciences and technology</subject><subject>Extraction</subject><subject>Heavy metals</subject><subject>Inductively coupled plasma</subject><subject>Lead</subject><subject>Lead (metal)</subject><subject>Natural water pollution</subject><subject>Pollution</subject><subject>Screening</subject><subject>Soil (material)</subject><subject>Soil and sediments pollution</subject><subject>Soil pollution</subject><subject>Soils</subject><subject>Standard 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Joanne</au><au>BOLBOT, John Anthony</au><au>SAINI, Selwayan</au><au>SETFORD, Steven John</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Electrochemical method for the rapid on site screening of cadmium and lead in soil and water samples</atitle><jtitle>Water, air, and soil pollution</jtitle><date>2007-02-01</date><risdate>2007</risdate><volume>179</volume><issue>1-4</issue><spage>183</spage><epage>195</epage><pages>183-195</pages><issn>0049-6979</issn><eissn>1573-2932</eissn><coden>WAPLAC</coden><abstract>Rapid field-based screening methods for the semi-quantitative determination of heavy metals are desirable to support the increasing demand for the rapid characterization of contaminated sites. Single-use sensors have been fabricated using low-cost screen-printing (thick film) technology. These electrodes, coupled with differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry (DPASV), have provided a rapid, inexpensive on site screening device for the simultaneous field-based determination of cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) in soil and water samples in the microgram per litre/kilogram range. A simplified soil extraction procedure, using 1mol l super(-1) aqua regia and a 3min ultrasonic sample agitation, has been developed to allow field-based device usage. Extraction efficiency was evaluated using a soil certified reference material (CRM). Recoveries of 64% and 52% for Cd and Pb respectively were obtained, with a relative standard deviation (RSD) of <8% for both analytes (n = 10). Soil samples (82) were tested using the combined extraction-DPASV procedure and compared against standard ICP-AES analysis. Correlation coefficients of 0.9782 and 0.9728 for Cd and Pb respectively demonstrate good correlation between methods. Analytical data is also reported for copper (Cu), but significant peak distortions reduce the confidence of the method for this metal. Results indicate that the combined extraction-DPASV method yields semi-quantitative data for rapid field-based site screening purposes.</abstract><cop>Dordrecht</cop><pub>Springer</pub><doi>10.1007/s11270-006-9223-x</doi><tpages>13</tpages></addata></record> |
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subjects | Analysis methods Analytical chemistry Applied sciences Cadmium Chemistry Correlation coefficient Devices Electrochemical methods Electrochemistry Emission analysis Environmental monitoring Exact sciences and technology Extraction Heavy metals Inductively coupled plasma Lead Lead (metal) Natural water pollution Pollution Screening Soil (material) Soil and sediments pollution Soil pollution Soils Standard deviation Studies Water analysis Water sampling Water treatment and pollution |
title | Electrochemical method for the rapid on site screening of cadmium and lead in soil and water samples |
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