Export of dissolved inorganic nitrogen in a partially cultivated subtropical mountainous watershed in Taiwan
A spatial and temporal investigation of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN; NO^sub 3^, NO^sub 2^ and NH^sub 4^) was conducted under various water discharge conditions in Lanyang-Hsi, a subtropical mountainous stream, which drains through distinct degrees of agriculture-influenced sub-watersheds. In b...
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| creator | Kao, S.J Shiah, F.K Owen, J.S |
| description | A spatial and temporal investigation of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN; NO^sub 3^, NO^sub 2^ and NH^sub 4^) was conducted under various water discharge conditions in Lanyang-Hsi, a subtropical mountainous stream, which drains through distinct degrees of agriculture-influenced sub-watersheds. In both the cultivated and non-cultivated sub-watersheds, NO^sub 3^ was the most abundant species accounting for >80% of total DIN, while NH^sub 4^ and NO^sub 2^ accounted for |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1023/B:WATE.0000036799.05833.e3 |
| format | Article |
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In both the cultivated and non-cultivated sub-watersheds, NO^sub 3^ was the most abundant species accounting for >80% of total DIN, while NH^sub 4^ and NO^sub 2^ accounted for <15% and 5% of DIN, respectively. Agricultural activities along the riverbank led to significantly higher NO^sub 3^ concentrations (13-246 μM) and DIN yields (1300-3800 kg N km^sup -2^ yr^sup -1^) in main channel when compared to those of non-cultivated tributaries (9-38 μM for NO^sub 3^ and 550-740 kg N km^sup -2^ yr^sup -1^ for yield). The much lower and less variable DIN yields observed in tributary stations (mean = 660 ± 120 kg N km^sup -2^ yr^sup -1^) are considered as the present day background of DIN yield, which is significantly higher than those of most natural watersheds in other regions. Elevated atmospheric DIN deposition is likely the cause for the high background DIN yield. Human activity within the watershed results in additional DIN yield, which accounted for 49% of total N export. However, the reported atmospheric DIN input in northern Taiwan (1800 kg N km^sup -2^ yr^sup -1^) is much higher than the background DIN yield implying that a major fraction (70%) of atmospheric inputs are retained or processed within the watershed. A dilution pattern occurred in the main channel where high NO^sub 3^ concentrations from the upstream sources decreased significantly in downstream direction due to inputs of NO^sub 3^-diluted water from non-cultivated areas. We adopted a two-source mixing model to predict the NO^sub 3^ dilution pattern. This model revealed a third yet not recognized N source in the lower part of watershed. Model results also indicated the importance of water discharge rate in regulating the relative contribution to total DIN export among these sources.[PUBLICATION ABSTRACT]</description><identifier>ISSN: 0049-6979</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1573-2932</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1023/B:WATE.0000036799.05833.e3</identifier><identifier>CODEN: WAPLAC</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Dordrecht: Springer</publisher><subject>agricultural land ; ammonium compounds ; Applied sciences ; Atmospherics ; Channels ; Continental surface waters ; Cultivation ; Discharge ; Dissolution ; Earth sciences ; Earth, ocean, space ; Engineering and environment geology. Geothermics ; Environmental monitoring ; equations ; Exact sciences and technology ; Exports ; Freshwater ; International trade ; Mathematical models ; Mountains ; Natural water pollution ; nitrates ; Nitrogen ; Nitrogen dioxide ; Pollution ; Pollution, environment geology ; River banks ; rivers ; runoff ; spatial variation ; streams ; subtropics ; temporal variation ; Tributaries ; water pollution ; Water treatment and pollution ; Watersheds</subject><ispartof>Water, air, and soil pollution, 2004-07, Vol.156 (1-4), p.211-228</ispartof><rights>2004 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Kluwer Academic Publishers 2004</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c488t-fa7c8fd9b72af88e17a44fb767f0c9b826149c18e15236000e89bfc67a6dd6143</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>315,781,785,27926,27927</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=16036433$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Kao, S.J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shiah, F.K</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Owen, J.S</creatorcontrib><title>Export of dissolved inorganic nitrogen in a partially cultivated subtropical mountainous watershed in Taiwan</title><title>Water, air, and soil pollution</title><description>A spatial and temporal investigation of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN; NO^sub 3^, NO^sub 2^ and NH^sub 4^) was conducted under various water discharge conditions in Lanyang-Hsi, a subtropical mountainous stream, which drains through distinct degrees of agriculture-influenced sub-watersheds. In both the cultivated and non-cultivated sub-watersheds, NO^sub 3^ was the most abundant species accounting for >80% of total DIN, while NH^sub 4^ and NO^sub 2^ accounted for <15% and 5% of DIN, respectively. Agricultural activities along the riverbank led to significantly higher NO^sub 3^ concentrations (13-246 μM) and DIN yields (1300-3800 kg N km^sup -2^ yr^sup -1^) in main channel when compared to those of non-cultivated tributaries (9-38 μM for NO^sub 3^ and 550-740 kg N km^sup -2^ yr^sup -1^ for yield). The much lower and less variable DIN yields observed in tributary stations (mean = 660 ± 120 kg N km^sup -2^ yr^sup -1^) are considered as the present day background of DIN yield, which is significantly higher than those of most natural watersheds in other regions. Elevated atmospheric DIN deposition is likely the cause for the high background DIN yield. Human activity within the watershed results in additional DIN yield, which accounted for 49% of total N export. However, the reported atmospheric DIN input in northern Taiwan (1800 kg N km^sup -2^ yr^sup -1^) is much higher than the background DIN yield implying that a major fraction (70%) of atmospheric inputs are retained or processed within the watershed. A dilution pattern occurred in the main channel where high NO^sub 3^ concentrations from the upstream sources decreased significantly in downstream direction due to inputs of NO^sub 3^-diluted water from non-cultivated areas. We adopted a two-source mixing model to predict the NO^sub 3^ dilution pattern. This model revealed a third yet not recognized N source in the lower part of watershed. Model results also indicated the importance of water discharge rate in regulating the relative contribution to total DIN export among these sources.[PUBLICATION ABSTRACT]</description><subject>agricultural land</subject><subject>ammonium compounds</subject><subject>Applied sciences</subject><subject>Atmospherics</subject><subject>Channels</subject><subject>Continental surface waters</subject><subject>Cultivation</subject><subject>Discharge</subject><subject>Dissolution</subject><subject>Earth sciences</subject><subject>Earth, ocean, space</subject><subject>Engineering and environment geology. Geothermics</subject><subject>Environmental monitoring</subject><subject>equations</subject><subject>Exact sciences and technology</subject><subject>Exports</subject><subject>Freshwater</subject><subject>International trade</subject><subject>Mathematical models</subject><subject>Mountains</subject><subject>Natural water pollution</subject><subject>nitrates</subject><subject>Nitrogen</subject><subject>Nitrogen dioxide</subject><subject>Pollution</subject><subject>Pollution, environment geology</subject><subject>River banks</subject><subject>rivers</subject><subject>runoff</subject><subject>spatial variation</subject><subject>streams</subject><subject>subtropics</subject><subject>temporal variation</subject><subject>Tributaries</subject><subject>water pollution</subject><subject>Water treatment and pollution</subject><subject>Watersheds</subject><issn>0049-6979</issn><issn>1573-2932</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2004</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkUtr3DAUhUVpoNM0v6Ei0HblqWTJemSXhOkDAllkQpfiWpamCh7Lleyk-feVM4FAF602Ap3vnnuvDkKnlKwpqdnni7Mf59vNmiyHCan1mjSKsbVjr9CKNpJVtWb1a7QihOtKaKnfoLc53y28VnKF-s3vMaYJR4-7kHPs712HwxDTDoZg8RCmFHduKE8Y8AhpCtD3j9jO_RTuYSpwntvCjMFCj_dxHiYo5XPGD0VN-eeTHd5CeIDhHTry0Gd38nwfo9svm-3lt-rq-uv3y_OrynKlpsqDtMp3upU1eKUclcC5b6WQnljdqlpQri0tQlMzUTZxSrfeCgmi64rGjtGng--Y4q_Z5cnsQ7au72FwZTQjm4ay5kB-_CdJNSdKcfZ_kEvSaLmAp3-Bd3FOQ1nXSC40rxmXBTo7QDbFnJPzZkxhD-nRUGKWYM2FWYI1L8Gap2CNWzp8eO4AuXy6TzDYkF8cRCkoExfu_YHzEA3sUmFub2pCWYm-aZSm7A_mD67z</recordid><startdate>20040701</startdate><enddate>20040701</enddate><creator>Kao, S.J</creator><creator>Shiah, F.K</creator><creator>Owen, J.S</creator><general>Springer</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QH</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7TV</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>7UA</scope><scope>7WY</scope><scope>7WZ</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>87Z</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>88I</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8FL</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BEZIV</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>BKSAR</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FRNLG</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>F~G</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H96</scope><scope>H97</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K60</scope><scope>K6~</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>L.-</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>M0C</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2P</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PCBAR</scope><scope>PQBIZ</scope><scope>PQBZA</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>SOI</scope><scope>KR7</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20040701</creationdate><title>Export of dissolved inorganic nitrogen in a partially cultivated subtropical mountainous watershed in Taiwan</title><author>Kao, S.J ; Shiah, F.K ; Owen, J.S</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c488t-fa7c8fd9b72af88e17a44fb767f0c9b826149c18e15236000e89bfc67a6dd6143</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2004</creationdate><topic>agricultural land</topic><topic>ammonium compounds</topic><topic>Applied sciences</topic><topic>Atmospherics</topic><topic>Channels</topic><topic>Continental surface waters</topic><topic>Cultivation</topic><topic>Discharge</topic><topic>Dissolution</topic><topic>Earth sciences</topic><topic>Earth, ocean, space</topic><topic>Engineering and environment geology. 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Abstracts</collection><jtitle>Water, air, and soil pollution</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Kao, S.J</au><au>Shiah, F.K</au><au>Owen, J.S</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Export of dissolved inorganic nitrogen in a partially cultivated subtropical mountainous watershed in Taiwan</atitle><jtitle>Water, air, and soil pollution</jtitle><date>2004-07-01</date><risdate>2004</risdate><volume>156</volume><issue>1-4</issue><spage>211</spage><epage>228</epage><pages>211-228</pages><issn>0049-6979</issn><eissn>1573-2932</eissn><coden>WAPLAC</coden><abstract>A spatial and temporal investigation of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN; NO^sub 3^, NO^sub 2^ and NH^sub 4^) was conducted under various water discharge conditions in Lanyang-Hsi, a subtropical mountainous stream, which drains through distinct degrees of agriculture-influenced sub-watersheds. In both the cultivated and non-cultivated sub-watersheds, NO^sub 3^ was the most abundant species accounting for >80% of total DIN, while NH^sub 4^ and NO^sub 2^ accounted for <15% and 5% of DIN, respectively. Agricultural activities along the riverbank led to significantly higher NO^sub 3^ concentrations (13-246 μM) and DIN yields (1300-3800 kg N km^sup -2^ yr^sup -1^) in main channel when compared to those of non-cultivated tributaries (9-38 μM for NO^sub 3^ and 550-740 kg N km^sup -2^ yr^sup -1^ for yield). The much lower and less variable DIN yields observed in tributary stations (mean = 660 ± 120 kg N km^sup -2^ yr^sup -1^) are considered as the present day background of DIN yield, which is significantly higher than those of most natural watersheds in other regions. Elevated atmospheric DIN deposition is likely the cause for the high background DIN yield. Human activity within the watershed results in additional DIN yield, which accounted for 49% of total N export. However, the reported atmospheric DIN input in northern Taiwan (1800 kg N km^sup -2^ yr^sup -1^) is much higher than the background DIN yield implying that a major fraction (70%) of atmospheric inputs are retained or processed within the watershed. A dilution pattern occurred in the main channel where high NO^sub 3^ concentrations from the upstream sources decreased significantly in downstream direction due to inputs of NO^sub 3^-diluted water from non-cultivated areas. We adopted a two-source mixing model to predict the NO^sub 3^ dilution pattern. This model revealed a third yet not recognized N source in the lower part of watershed. Model results also indicated the importance of water discharge rate in regulating the relative contribution to total DIN export among these sources.[PUBLICATION ABSTRACT]</abstract><cop>Dordrecht</cop><pub>Springer</pub><doi>10.1023/B:WATE.0000036799.05833.e3</doi><tpages>18</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | agricultural land ammonium compounds Applied sciences Atmospherics Channels Continental surface waters Cultivation Discharge Dissolution Earth sciences Earth, ocean, space Engineering and environment geology. Geothermics Environmental monitoring equations Exact sciences and technology Exports Freshwater International trade Mathematical models Mountains Natural water pollution nitrates Nitrogen Nitrogen dioxide Pollution Pollution, environment geology River banks rivers runoff spatial variation streams subtropics temporal variation Tributaries water pollution Water treatment and pollution Watersheds |
| title | Export of dissolved inorganic nitrogen in a partially cultivated subtropical mountainous watershed in Taiwan |
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