Stratigraphic distribution of lignite-derived atmospheric deposits in forest soils of the upper Lusatian Region, East Germany
Atmospheric fly ash emissions from lignite-fired power plantsin the Upper Lusatian and Turówan mining districts stronglyaffected large forest areas along the German-Polish border. Afield study was conducted in old spruce stands (Piceaabies (L.) Karst.) to assess the stratigraphic distributionof fly...
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| description | Atmospheric fly ash emissions from lignite-fired power plantsin the Upper Lusatian and Turówan mining districts stronglyaffected large forest areas along the German-Polish border. Afield study was conducted in old spruce stands (Piceaabies (L.) Karst.) to assess the stratigraphic distributionof fly ash in the forest floor and mineral topsoil in the St. Marienthal forest area in the eastern part of Saxony,Germany. This forest area is subjected to long-termatmospheric depositions by two German and one Polish powerplants since the early 1900s. The three study sites arelocated along a fly ash deposition gradient of 3, 6 and 15 kmfrom the power plant in Turów (Sites Ia, II and III,respectively). An additional site (Site Ib) at a distance of 3 km from Turów was chosen to study the influence of vegetationtype on fly ash deposition intensity in forest soils. Samplesof the humic layer (Oi (L), Oe (F) and Oa (H) horizons) andmineral soil (0-10 cm) were taken in Spring and Fall 1999 andanalysed for their ferromagnetic susceptibility and total ashcontent. Particle size distribution, magnetic susceptibilityof individual size fractions, scanning electron microscopy(SEM), and energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis (EDX) wereperformed on selected samples to evaluate the origin ofmineral particles found in the forest floor. High magneticsusceptibility of the Oa and Oe horizons is a result of thelong-term accumulation of lignite-derived atmospheric depositsin the forest floors of the studied area. Pure conifer stands(year-round filtration of airborne pollutants) resulted inhigher inputs of ferromagnetic fly ash particles in forestsoils. Unusually high total ash contents for humic horizons(up to 77%) were determined in the Oa and Oe horizons atSites Ia and IIb, indicating the need for a new classificationsystems for the organic layer in forest soils near coal-firedpower plants. SEM revealed 4 typical phases of persistent flyash deposits formed by combustion of Lusatian lignite: (1) iron-containing `stable glasses', (2) aluminium-iron-silicate-minerals,(3) slag fragments and (4) lignite-derived fossilcarbon. Particle size analysis, magnetic susceptibilitymeasurements and SEM-EDX techniques indicated that a greatportion of the mineral particles found in the humic horizonsof forests soils are from atmospheric sources. Fly ashaccumulation consisting of ferromagnetic minerals contributesmainly to the 125-63 and |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1023/A:1022075130048 |
| format | Article |
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Afield study was conducted in old spruce stands (Piceaabies (L.) Karst.) to assess the stratigraphic distributionof fly ash in the forest floor and mineral topsoil in the St. Marienthal forest area in the eastern part of Saxony,Germany. This forest area is subjected to long-termatmospheric depositions by two German and one Polish powerplants since the early 1900s. The three study sites arelocated along a fly ash deposition gradient of 3, 6 and 15 kmfrom the power plant in Turów (Sites Ia, II and III,respectively). An additional site (Site Ib) at a distance of 3 km from Turów was chosen to study the influence of vegetationtype on fly ash deposition intensity in forest soils. Samplesof the humic layer (Oi (L), Oe (F) and Oa (H) horizons) andmineral soil (0-10 cm) were taken in Spring and Fall 1999 andanalysed for their ferromagnetic susceptibility and total ashcontent. Particle size distribution, magnetic susceptibilityof individual size fractions, scanning electron microscopy(SEM), and energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis (EDX) wereperformed on selected samples to evaluate the origin ofmineral particles found in the forest floor. High magneticsusceptibility of the Oa and Oe horizons is a result of thelong-term accumulation of lignite-derived atmospheric depositsin the forest floors of the studied area. Pure conifer stands(year-round filtration of airborne pollutants) resulted inhigher inputs of ferromagnetic fly ash particles in forestsoils. Unusually high total ash contents for humic horizons(up to 77%) were determined in the Oa and Oe horizons atSites Ia and IIb, indicating the need for a new classificationsystems for the organic layer in forest soils near coal-firedpower plants. SEM revealed 4 typical phases of persistent flyash deposits formed by combustion of Lusatian lignite: (1) iron-containing `stable glasses', (2) aluminium-iron-silicate-minerals,(3) slag fragments and (4) lignite-derived fossilcarbon. Particle size analysis, magnetic susceptibilitymeasurements and SEM-EDX techniques indicated that a greatportion of the mineral particles found in the humic horizonsof forests soils are from atmospheric sources. Fly ashaccumulation consisting of ferromagnetic minerals contributesmainly to the 125-63 and <63 μm fractions in soils. EDXanalysis revealed that atmospheric input of lignite-derivedfly ash increases the contents of the following ecologicalrelevant elements in soils: carbon, iron, aluminium, calcium,potassium, sulphur, titanium and sodium.[PUBLICATION ABSTRACT]</description><identifier>ISSN: 0049-6979</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1573-2932</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1023/A:1022075130048</identifier><identifier>CODEN: WAPLAC</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Dordrecht: Springer</publisher><subject>Air pollution ; Aluminum ; Applied sciences ; Earth sciences ; Earth, ocean, space ; Engineering and environment geology. Geothermics ; Environmental monitoring ; Exact sciences and technology ; Fly ash ; Forest floor ; Forest soils ; Forests ; Indoor air pollution ; Iron ; Lignite ; Minerals ; Organic soils ; Particle size ; Picea abies ; Pollution ; Pollution sources. Measurement results ; Pollution, environment geology ; Power plants ; Scanning electron microscopy ; Size distribution ; Slag ; Soil and sediments pollution ; Topsoil</subject><ispartof>Water, air, and soil pollution, 2003, Vol.142 (1-4), p.3-25</ispartof><rights>2003 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Kluwer Academic Publishers 2003</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c350t-4330c3715dc99d25c05e244d977bc6fc168a6f0e4632b33b794d56720a6062f83</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,4022,27922,27923,27924</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=14534101$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>KLOSE, Susanne</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>TÖLLE, Rainer</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>BÄUCKER, Ernst</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>MAKESCHIN, Franz</creatorcontrib><title>Stratigraphic distribution of lignite-derived atmospheric deposits in forest soils of the upper Lusatian Region, East Germany</title><title>Water, air, and soil pollution</title><description>Atmospheric fly ash emissions from lignite-fired power plantsin the Upper Lusatian and Turówan mining districts stronglyaffected large forest areas along the German-Polish border. Afield study was conducted in old spruce stands (Piceaabies (L.) Karst.) to assess the stratigraphic distributionof fly ash in the forest floor and mineral topsoil in the St. Marienthal forest area in the eastern part of Saxony,Germany. This forest area is subjected to long-termatmospheric depositions by two German and one Polish powerplants since the early 1900s. The three study sites arelocated along a fly ash deposition gradient of 3, 6 and 15 kmfrom the power plant in Turów (Sites Ia, II and III,respectively). An additional site (Site Ib) at a distance of 3 km from Turów was chosen to study the influence of vegetationtype on fly ash deposition intensity in forest soils. Samplesof the humic layer (Oi (L), Oe (F) and Oa (H) horizons) andmineral soil (0-10 cm) were taken in Spring and Fall 1999 andanalysed for their ferromagnetic susceptibility and total ashcontent. Particle size distribution, magnetic susceptibilityof individual size fractions, scanning electron microscopy(SEM), and energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis (EDX) wereperformed on selected samples to evaluate the origin ofmineral particles found in the forest floor. High magneticsusceptibility of the Oa and Oe horizons is a result of thelong-term accumulation of lignite-derived atmospheric depositsin the forest floors of the studied area. Pure conifer stands(year-round filtration of airborne pollutants) resulted inhigher inputs of ferromagnetic fly ash particles in forestsoils. Unusually high total ash contents for humic horizons(up to 77%) were determined in the Oa and Oe horizons atSites Ia and IIb, indicating the need for a new classificationsystems for the organic layer in forest soils near coal-firedpower plants. SEM revealed 4 typical phases of persistent flyash deposits formed by combustion of Lusatian lignite: (1) iron-containing `stable glasses', (2) aluminium-iron-silicate-minerals,(3) slag fragments and (4) lignite-derived fossilcarbon. Particle size analysis, magnetic susceptibilitymeasurements and SEM-EDX techniques indicated that a greatportion of the mineral particles found in the humic horizonsof forests soils are from atmospheric sources. Fly ashaccumulation consisting of ferromagnetic minerals contributesmainly to the 125-63 and <63 μm fractions in soils. EDXanalysis revealed that atmospheric input of lignite-derivedfly ash increases the contents of the following ecologicalrelevant elements in soils: carbon, iron, aluminium, calcium,potassium, sulphur, titanium and sodium.[PUBLICATION ABSTRACT]</description><subject>Air pollution</subject><subject>Aluminum</subject><subject>Applied sciences</subject><subject>Earth sciences</subject><subject>Earth, ocean, space</subject><subject>Engineering and environment geology. Geothermics</subject><subject>Environmental monitoring</subject><subject>Exact sciences and technology</subject><subject>Fly ash</subject><subject>Forest floor</subject><subject>Forest soils</subject><subject>Forests</subject><subject>Indoor air pollution</subject><subject>Iron</subject><subject>Lignite</subject><subject>Minerals</subject><subject>Organic soils</subject><subject>Particle size</subject><subject>Picea abies</subject><subject>Pollution</subject><subject>Pollution sources. Measurement results</subject><subject>Pollution, environment geology</subject><subject>Power plants</subject><subject>Scanning electron microscopy</subject><subject>Size distribution</subject><subject>Slag</subject><subject>Soil and sediments pollution</subject><subject>Topsoil</subject><issn>0049-6979</issn><issn>1573-2932</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2003</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNqF0E1LAzEQBuAgCtbq2WsQ1Iur-c7GWym1CgXBj3NJs9k2ZbtZk6zQg__dFHvyoLkMCc-8zASAc4xuMSL0bnSfC0GSY4oQKw_AAHNJC6IoOQSD_KQKoaQ6BicxrlE-qpQD8PWagk5uGXS3cgZWLqbgFn1yvoW-ho1bti7ZorLBfdoK6rTxsVvlW7a289GlCF0Lax9sTDB618RdX1pZ2HedDXDWx5yvW_hilzn0Bk50hlMbNrrdnoKjWjfRnu3rELw_TN7Gj8Xsefo0Hs0KQzlKBaMUGSoxr4xSFeEGcUsYq5SUCyNqg0WpRY0sE5QsKF1IxSouJEFaIEHqkg7B9U9uF_xHnyedb1w0tml0a30f55LnX6NS7uTVnxILzDjD-H_IBMcl38GLX3Dt-9DmdeeSCcF5KWlGl3uko9FNHXRrXJx3wW102OYwThlGmH4DPeeWBQ</recordid><startdate>2003</startdate><enddate>2003</enddate><creator>KLOSE, Susanne</creator><creator>TÖLLE, Rainer</creator><creator>BÄUCKER, Ernst</creator><creator>MAKESCHIN, Franz</creator><general>Springer</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QH</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7TV</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>7UA</scope><scope>7WY</scope><scope>7WZ</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>87Z</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>88I</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8FL</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BEZIV</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>BKSAR</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FRNLG</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>F~G</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H96</scope><scope>H97</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K60</scope><scope>K6~</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>L.-</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>M0C</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2P</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PCBAR</scope><scope>PQBIZ</scope><scope>PQBZA</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>SOI</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>7U6</scope></search><sort><creationdate>2003</creationdate><title>Stratigraphic distribution of lignite-derived atmospheric deposits in forest soils of the upper Lusatian Region, East Germany</title><author>KLOSE, Susanne ; TÖLLE, Rainer ; BÄUCKER, Ernst ; MAKESCHIN, Franz</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c350t-4330c3715dc99d25c05e244d977bc6fc168a6f0e4632b33b794d56720a6062f83</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2003</creationdate><topic>Air pollution</topic><topic>Aluminum</topic><topic>Applied sciences</topic><topic>Earth sciences</topic><topic>Earth, ocean, space</topic><topic>Engineering and environment geology. Geothermics</topic><topic>Environmental monitoring</topic><topic>Exact sciences and technology</topic><topic>Fly ash</topic><topic>Forest floor</topic><topic>Forest soils</topic><topic>Forests</topic><topic>Indoor air pollution</topic><topic>Iron</topic><topic>Lignite</topic><topic>Minerals</topic><topic>Organic soils</topic><topic>Particle size</topic><topic>Picea abies</topic><topic>Pollution</topic><topic>Pollution sources. Measurement results</topic><topic>Pollution, environment geology</topic><topic>Power plants</topic><topic>Scanning electron microscopy</topic><topic>Size distribution</topic><topic>Slag</topic><topic>Soil and sediments pollution</topic><topic>Topsoil</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>KLOSE, Susanne</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>TÖLLE, Rainer</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>BÄUCKER, Ernst</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>MAKESCHIN, Franz</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Aqualine</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Pollution Abstracts</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Water Resources Abstracts</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Collection</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Global (PDF only)</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Global (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Science Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Sustainability</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Business Premium Collection</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Earth, Atmospheric & Aquatic Science Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Business Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Global (Corporate)</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 2: Ocean Technology, Policy & Non-Living Resources</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Business Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Business Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Professional Advanced</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Global</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Database</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Science Database</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Science Database</collection><collection>Earth, Atmospheric & Aquatic Science Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Business</collection><collection>ProQuest One Business (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts - Academic</collection><collection>Sustainability Science Abstracts</collection><jtitle>Water, air, and soil pollution</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>KLOSE, Susanne</au><au>TÖLLE, Rainer</au><au>BÄUCKER, Ernst</au><au>MAKESCHIN, Franz</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Stratigraphic distribution of lignite-derived atmospheric deposits in forest soils of the upper Lusatian Region, East Germany</atitle><jtitle>Water, air, and soil pollution</jtitle><date>2003</date><risdate>2003</risdate><volume>142</volume><issue>1-4</issue><spage>3</spage><epage>25</epage><pages>3-25</pages><issn>0049-6979</issn><eissn>1573-2932</eissn><coden>WAPLAC</coden><abstract>Atmospheric fly ash emissions from lignite-fired power plantsin the Upper Lusatian and Turówan mining districts stronglyaffected large forest areas along the German-Polish border. Afield study was conducted in old spruce stands (Piceaabies (L.) Karst.) to assess the stratigraphic distributionof fly ash in the forest floor and mineral topsoil in the St. Marienthal forest area in the eastern part of Saxony,Germany. This forest area is subjected to long-termatmospheric depositions by two German and one Polish powerplants since the early 1900s. The three study sites arelocated along a fly ash deposition gradient of 3, 6 and 15 kmfrom the power plant in Turów (Sites Ia, II and III,respectively). An additional site (Site Ib) at a distance of 3 km from Turów was chosen to study the influence of vegetationtype on fly ash deposition intensity in forest soils. Samplesof the humic layer (Oi (L), Oe (F) and Oa (H) horizons) andmineral soil (0-10 cm) were taken in Spring and Fall 1999 andanalysed for their ferromagnetic susceptibility and total ashcontent. Particle size distribution, magnetic susceptibilityof individual size fractions, scanning electron microscopy(SEM), and energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis (EDX) wereperformed on selected samples to evaluate the origin ofmineral particles found in the forest floor. High magneticsusceptibility of the Oa and Oe horizons is a result of thelong-term accumulation of lignite-derived atmospheric depositsin the forest floors of the studied area. Pure conifer stands(year-round filtration of airborne pollutants) resulted inhigher inputs of ferromagnetic fly ash particles in forestsoils. Unusually high total ash contents for humic horizons(up to 77%) were determined in the Oa and Oe horizons atSites Ia and IIb, indicating the need for a new classificationsystems for the organic layer in forest soils near coal-firedpower plants. SEM revealed 4 typical phases of persistent flyash deposits formed by combustion of Lusatian lignite: (1) iron-containing `stable glasses', (2) aluminium-iron-silicate-minerals,(3) slag fragments and (4) lignite-derived fossilcarbon. Particle size analysis, magnetic susceptibilitymeasurements and SEM-EDX techniques indicated that a greatportion of the mineral particles found in the humic horizonsof forests soils are from atmospheric sources. Fly ashaccumulation consisting of ferromagnetic minerals contributesmainly to the 125-63 and <63 μm fractions in soils. EDXanalysis revealed that atmospheric input of lignite-derivedfly ash increases the contents of the following ecologicalrelevant elements in soils: carbon, iron, aluminium, calcium,potassium, sulphur, titanium and sodium.[PUBLICATION ABSTRACT]</abstract><cop>Dordrecht</cop><pub>Springer</pub><doi>10.1023/A:1022075130048</doi><tpages>23</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Water, air, and soil pollution, 2003, Vol.142 (1-4), p.3-25 |
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| subjects | Air pollution Aluminum Applied sciences Earth sciences Earth, ocean, space Engineering and environment geology. Geothermics Environmental monitoring Exact sciences and technology Fly ash Forest floor Forest soils Forests Indoor air pollution Iron Lignite Minerals Organic soils Particle size Picea abies Pollution Pollution sources. Measurement results Pollution, environment geology Power plants Scanning electron microscopy Size distribution Slag Soil and sediments pollution Topsoil |
| title | Stratigraphic distribution of lignite-derived atmospheric deposits in forest soils of the upper Lusatian Region, East Germany |
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