Estimation and Congener-Specific Characterization of Polychlorinated Naphthalene Emissions from Secondary Nonferrous Metallurgical Facilities in China
Secondary nonferrous production is addressed as one of the potential sources of the unintentionally produced persistent organic pollutants (UP-POPs) due to the impurity of raw material. Although there are inventories of dioxin emissions from secondary nonferrous metallurgical facilities, release inv...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Environmental science & technology 2010-04, Vol.44 (7), p.2441-2446 |
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| creator | Ba, Te Zheng, Minghui Zhang, Bing Liu, Wenbin Su, Guijin Liu, Guorui Xiao, Ke |
| description | Secondary nonferrous production is addressed as one of the potential sources of the unintentionally produced persistent organic pollutants (UP-POPs) due to the impurity of raw material. Although there are inventories of dioxin emissions from secondary nonferrous metallurgical facilities, release inventories of polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs) are scarce. This study selected typical secondary copper, aluminum, zinc, and lead plants to investigate the emissions of PCNs in secondary nonferrous production in China. The toxic equivalency (TEQ) emission factor for PCNs released to the environment is highest for secondary copper production, at 428.4 ng TEQ t−1, followed by secondary aluminum, zinc, and lead production, at 142.8, 125.7, and 20.1 ng TEQ t−1, respectively. PCNs released in secondary copper, aluminum, lead, and zinc production in China are estimated to be 0.86, 0.39, 0.009, and 0.01 g TEQ a−1, respectively. Analysis of stack gas emission from secondary nonferrous production revealed that less-chlorinated PCNs are the dominant homologues, with mono- to tri-CNs making the most important contributions to the concentration. However, for fly ash, the more highly chlorinated PCNs such as octa-CN are the dominant homologues. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1021/es9033342 |
| format | Article |
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Although there are inventories of dioxin emissions from secondary nonferrous metallurgical facilities, release inventories of polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs) are scarce. This study selected typical secondary copper, aluminum, zinc, and lead plants to investigate the emissions of PCNs in secondary nonferrous production in China. The toxic equivalency (TEQ) emission factor for PCNs released to the environment is highest for secondary copper production, at 428.4 ng TEQ t−1, followed by secondary aluminum, zinc, and lead production, at 142.8, 125.7, and 20.1 ng TEQ t−1, respectively. PCNs released in secondary copper, aluminum, lead, and zinc production in China are estimated to be 0.86, 0.39, 0.009, and 0.01 g TEQ a−1, respectively. Analysis of stack gas emission from secondary nonferrous production revealed that less-chlorinated PCNs are the dominant homologues, with mono- to tri-CNs making the most important contributions to the concentration. However, for fly ash, the more highly chlorinated PCNs such as octa-CN are the dominant homologues.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0013-936X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1520-5851</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1021/es9033342</identifier><identifier>PMID: 20201508</identifier><identifier>CODEN: ESTHAG</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Washington, DC: American Chemical Society</publisher><subject>Applied sciences ; Atmospheric pollution ; Carbon - analysis ; China ; Coal Ash ; Environmental Pollutants - analysis ; Environmental Pollutants - toxicity ; Environmental Processes ; Exact sciences and technology ; Gases - analysis ; Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated - analysis ; Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated - toxicity ; Iron - chemistry ; Metallurgy ; Naphthalenes - analysis ; Naphthalenes - toxicity ; Particulate Matter - analysis ; Pollution ; Principal Component Analysis</subject><ispartof>Environmental science & technology, 2010-04, Vol.44 (7), p.2441-2446</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 2010 American Chemical Society</rights><rights>2015 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-a477t-44191e0304151203d6de50c2e0369875d15add5446df576e8c925884365fa593</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-a477t-44191e0304151203d6de50c2e0369875d15add5446df576e8c925884365fa593</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/es9033342$$EPDF$$P50$$Gacs$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es9033342$$EHTML$$P50$$Gacs$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,2765,27076,27924,27925,56738,56788</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=22579504$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20201508$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Ba, Te</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zheng, Minghui</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Bing</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Wenbin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Su, Guijin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Guorui</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xiao, Ke</creatorcontrib><title>Estimation and Congener-Specific Characterization of Polychlorinated Naphthalene Emissions from Secondary Nonferrous Metallurgical Facilities in China</title><title>Environmental science & technology</title><addtitle>Environ. Sci. Technol</addtitle><description>Secondary nonferrous production is addressed as one of the potential sources of the unintentionally produced persistent organic pollutants (UP-POPs) due to the impurity of raw material. Although there are inventories of dioxin emissions from secondary nonferrous metallurgical facilities, release inventories of polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs) are scarce. This study selected typical secondary copper, aluminum, zinc, and lead plants to investigate the emissions of PCNs in secondary nonferrous production in China. The toxic equivalency (TEQ) emission factor for PCNs released to the environment is highest for secondary copper production, at 428.4 ng TEQ t−1, followed by secondary aluminum, zinc, and lead production, at 142.8, 125.7, and 20.1 ng TEQ t−1, respectively. PCNs released in secondary copper, aluminum, lead, and zinc production in China are estimated to be 0.86, 0.39, 0.009, and 0.01 g TEQ a−1, respectively. Analysis of stack gas emission from secondary nonferrous production revealed that less-chlorinated PCNs are the dominant homologues, with mono- to tri-CNs making the most important contributions to the concentration. 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| subjects | Applied sciences Atmospheric pollution Carbon - analysis China Coal Ash Environmental Pollutants - analysis Environmental Pollutants - toxicity Environmental Processes Exact sciences and technology Gases - analysis Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated - analysis Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated - toxicity Iron - chemistry Metallurgy Naphthalenes - analysis Naphthalenes - toxicity Particulate Matter - analysis Pollution Principal Component Analysis |
| title | Estimation and Congener-Specific Characterization of Polychlorinated Naphthalene Emissions from Secondary Nonferrous Metallurgical Facilities in China |
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