Postexposure Rabies Prophylaxis Completed in 1 Week: Preliminary Study

Background Patients exposed to a rabid animal often travel long distances to receive postexposure prophylaxis (PEP), which requires 4 or 5 visits. Reducing the number of clinic visits would not only reduce costs for the patient but may also help increase compliance to receive complete PEP. We made a...

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Veröffentlicht in:Clinical infectious diseases 2010-01, Vol.50 (1), p.56-60
Hauptverfasser: Shantavasinkul, Prapimporn, Tantawichien, Thanphet, Wilde, Henry, Sawangvaree, Artikaya, Kumchat, Apinya, Ruksaket, Natthasri, Lohsoonthorn, Vitool, Khawplod, Pakamatz, Tantawichien, Terapong
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container_start_page 56
container_title Clinical infectious diseases
container_volume 50
creator Shantavasinkul, Prapimporn
Tantawichien, Thanphet
Wilde, Henry
Sawangvaree, Artikaya
Kumchat, Apinya
Ruksaket, Natthasri
Lohsoonthorn, Vitool
Khawplod, Pakamatz
Tantawichien, Terapong
description Background Patients exposed to a rabid animal often travel long distances to receive postexposure prophylaxis (PEP), which requires 4 or 5 visits. Reducing the number of clinic visits would not only reduce costs for the patient but may also help increase compliance to receive complete PEP. We made an effort to develop PEP completed in 1 week. Methods We administered the 4-site intradermal injections of 0.1 mL of purified Vero cell rabies vaccine to the deltoids and thighs on days 0, 3, and 7, with and without equine rabies immunoglobulin (40 IU/kg). A control group received the World Health Organization-approved and widely used Thai Red Cross regimen (2-site intradermal injections on days 0, 3, and 7 and 1 injection on days 28 and 90) with equine rabies immunoglobulin. We then determined rabies neutralizing antibody (NAb) up to day 360. Results Geometric mean titers for subjects receiving the 4-site intradermal regimen, with or without equine rabies immunoglobulin, had significantly higher NAb values than did the control group on day 14 and 28 (P
doi_str_mv 10.1086/649211
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Reducing the number of clinic visits would not only reduce costs for the patient but may also help increase compliance to receive complete PEP. We made an effort to develop PEP completed in 1 week. Methods We administered the 4-site intradermal injections of 0.1 mL of purified Vero cell rabies vaccine to the deltoids and thighs on days 0, 3, and 7, with and without equine rabies immunoglobulin (40 IU/kg). A control group received the World Health Organization-approved and widely used Thai Red Cross regimen (2-site intradermal injections on days 0, 3, and 7 and 1 injection on days 28 and 90) with equine rabies immunoglobulin. We then determined rabies neutralizing antibody (NAb) up to day 360. Results Geometric mean titers for subjects receiving the 4-site intradermal regimen, with or without equine rabies immunoglobulin, had significantly higher NAb values than did the control group on day 14 and 28 (P &lt;.001). All subjects in all groups had a NAb value ⩾0.5 IU/mL on days 14 and 28. The percentages of subjects who had a NAb value ⩾0.5 IU/mL from days 0 through 360 were not significantly different among the 3 groups. Conclusions After any PEP regimen, World Health Organization recommendations require a NAb value ⩾0.5 IU/mL on days 14 and 28. The 1-week PEP regimen, therefore, appears promising. It increased immunogenicity over the 2-site intradermal schedule, and it is convenient and can be used in small clinics, because it consumes almost the entire supplied vaccine ampoule volume.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1058-4838</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1537-6591</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1086/649211</identifier><identifier>PMID: 19995217</identifier><identifier>CODEN: CIDIEL</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Oxford: The University of Chicago Press</publisher><subject>Adult ; Analysis of Variance ; Animals ; Antibodies ; Antibodies, Neutralizing - blood ; Antibodies, Viral - blood ; ARTICLES AND COMMENTARIES ; Biological and medical sciences ; Cercopithecus aethiops ; Clinical medicine ; Disease prevention ; Female ; Geometric mean ; Horses ; Human viral diseases ; Humans ; Immune system ; Immunization, Passive - methods ; Immunoglobulins ; Immunoglobulins - administration &amp; dosage ; Infectious diseases ; Injections, Intradermal ; Male ; Medical research ; Medical sciences ; Middle Aged ; Neutralizing antibodies ; Nonprofit organizations ; Post exposure prophylaxis ; Post-Exposure Prophylaxis - methods ; Prospective Studies ; Rabies ; Rabies - immunology ; Rabies - prevention &amp; control ; Rabies vaccines ; Rabies Vaccines - administration &amp; dosage ; Rabies Vaccines - adverse effects ; Rabies Vaccines - immunology ; Vaccination ; Vaccines ; Vero Cells ; Viral diseases ; Viral diseases of the nervous system</subject><ispartof>Clinical infectious diseases, 2010-01, Vol.50 (1), p.56-60</ispartof><rights>2009 Infectious Diseases Society of America</rights><rights>2010 by the Infectious Diseases Society of America 2010</rights><rights>2015 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright University of Chicago, acting through its Press Jan 1, 2010</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c453t-a5b28a7825d9f6dcc235be0da2a5f5219a495f65b01dff59cf794fd989b4f9ca3</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/27799506$$EPDF$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/27799506$$EHTML$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,799,4010,27902,27903,27904,57995,58228</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&amp;idt=22337852$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19995217$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Shantavasinkul, Prapimporn</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tantawichien, Thanphet</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wilde, Henry</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sawangvaree, Artikaya</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kumchat, Apinya</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ruksaket, Natthasri</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lohsoonthorn, Vitool</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Khawplod, Pakamatz</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tantawichien, Terapong</creatorcontrib><title>Postexposure Rabies Prophylaxis Completed in 1 Week: Preliminary Study</title><title>Clinical infectious diseases</title><addtitle>Clinical Infectious Diseases</addtitle><addtitle>Clinical Infectious Diseases</addtitle><description>Background Patients exposed to a rabid animal often travel long distances to receive postexposure prophylaxis (PEP), which requires 4 or 5 visits. Reducing the number of clinic visits would not only reduce costs for the patient but may also help increase compliance to receive complete PEP. We made an effort to develop PEP completed in 1 week. Methods We administered the 4-site intradermal injections of 0.1 mL of purified Vero cell rabies vaccine to the deltoids and thighs on days 0, 3, and 7, with and without equine rabies immunoglobulin (40 IU/kg). A control group received the World Health Organization-approved and widely used Thai Red Cross regimen (2-site intradermal injections on days 0, 3, and 7 and 1 injection on days 28 and 90) with equine rabies immunoglobulin. We then determined rabies neutralizing antibody (NAb) up to day 360. Results Geometric mean titers for subjects receiving the 4-site intradermal regimen, with or without equine rabies immunoglobulin, had significantly higher NAb values than did the control group on day 14 and 28 (P &lt;.001). All subjects in all groups had a NAb value ⩾0.5 IU/mL on days 14 and 28. The percentages of subjects who had a NAb value ⩾0.5 IU/mL from days 0 through 360 were not significantly different among the 3 groups. Conclusions After any PEP regimen, World Health Organization recommendations require a NAb value ⩾0.5 IU/mL on days 14 and 28. The 1-week PEP regimen, therefore, appears promising. It increased immunogenicity over the 2-site intradermal schedule, and it is convenient and can be used in small clinics, because it consumes almost the entire supplied vaccine ampoule volume.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Analysis of Variance</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Antibodies</subject><subject>Antibodies, Neutralizing - blood</subject><subject>Antibodies, Viral - blood</subject><subject>ARTICLES AND COMMENTARIES</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Cercopithecus aethiops</subject><subject>Clinical medicine</subject><subject>Disease prevention</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Geometric mean</subject><subject>Horses</subject><subject>Human viral diseases</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Immune system</subject><subject>Immunization, Passive - methods</subject><subject>Immunoglobulins</subject><subject>Immunoglobulins - administration &amp; dosage</subject><subject>Infectious diseases</subject><subject>Injections, Intradermal</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical research</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Neutralizing antibodies</subject><subject>Nonprofit organizations</subject><subject>Post exposure prophylaxis</subject><subject>Post-Exposure Prophylaxis - methods</subject><subject>Prospective Studies</subject><subject>Rabies</subject><subject>Rabies - immunology</subject><subject>Rabies - prevention &amp; control</subject><subject>Rabies vaccines</subject><subject>Rabies Vaccines - administration &amp; dosage</subject><subject>Rabies Vaccines - adverse effects</subject><subject>Rabies Vaccines - immunology</subject><subject>Vaccination</subject><subject>Vaccines</subject><subject>Vero Cells</subject><subject>Viral diseases</subject><subject>Viral diseases of the nervous system</subject><issn>1058-4838</issn><issn>1537-6591</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2010</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqF0dtr1TAYAPAiiptT_wOlCupTNbcvF9_04JwycHjBsZeQpgnmrG1q0sLOf29GDxsI4lMC34_vWlWPMXqNkeRvOFME4zvVIQYqGg4K3y1_BLJhksqD6kHOW4QwlgjuVwdYKQUEi8Pq-Czm2V1NMS_J1V9NG1yuz1Kcfu16cxVyvYnD1LvZdXUYa1z_dO7ybQGuD0MYTdrV3-al2z2s7nnTZ_do_x5VP44_fN-cNKdfPn7avDttLAM6NwZaIo2QBDrleWctodA61BliwJeGlGEKPIcW4c57UNYLxXynpGqZV9bQo-rVmndK8ffi8qyHkK3rezO6uGQtgAHDjML_JaVcSoppkc__ktu4pLGMoUtHiiOFVUEvV2RTzDk5r6cUhjK_xkhfX0CvFyjw6T7b0g6uu2X7lRfwYg9Mtqb3yYw25BtHCKVCAinu2eriMv272JPVbPMc020OIUoxxEu8WePh-sg3cZMuNRdUgD45v9AYPr_fiItzregfA8euTA</recordid><startdate>20100101</startdate><enddate>20100101</enddate><creator>Shantavasinkul, Prapimporn</creator><creator>Tantawichien, Thanphet</creator><creator>Wilde, Henry</creator><creator>Sawangvaree, Artikaya</creator><creator>Kumchat, Apinya</creator><creator>Ruksaket, Natthasri</creator><creator>Lohsoonthorn, Vitool</creator><creator>Khawplod, Pakamatz</creator><creator>Tantawichien, Terapong</creator><general>The University of Chicago Press</general><general>University of Chicago Press</general><general>Oxford University Press</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7T2</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20100101</creationdate><title>Postexposure Rabies Prophylaxis Completed in 1 Week: Preliminary Study</title><author>Shantavasinkul, Prapimporn ; 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Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Clinical infectious diseases</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Shantavasinkul, Prapimporn</au><au>Tantawichien, Thanphet</au><au>Wilde, Henry</au><au>Sawangvaree, Artikaya</au><au>Kumchat, Apinya</au><au>Ruksaket, Natthasri</au><au>Lohsoonthorn, Vitool</au><au>Khawplod, Pakamatz</au><au>Tantawichien, Terapong</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Postexposure Rabies Prophylaxis Completed in 1 Week: Preliminary Study</atitle><jtitle>Clinical infectious diseases</jtitle><stitle>Clinical Infectious Diseases</stitle><addtitle>Clinical Infectious Diseases</addtitle><date>2010-01-01</date><risdate>2010</risdate><volume>50</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>56</spage><epage>60</epage><pages>56-60</pages><issn>1058-4838</issn><eissn>1537-6591</eissn><coden>CIDIEL</coden><abstract>Background Patients exposed to a rabid animal often travel long distances to receive postexposure prophylaxis (PEP), which requires 4 or 5 visits. Reducing the number of clinic visits would not only reduce costs for the patient but may also help increase compliance to receive complete PEP. We made an effort to develop PEP completed in 1 week. Methods We administered the 4-site intradermal injections of 0.1 mL of purified Vero cell rabies vaccine to the deltoids and thighs on days 0, 3, and 7, with and without equine rabies immunoglobulin (40 IU/kg). A control group received the World Health Organization-approved and widely used Thai Red Cross regimen (2-site intradermal injections on days 0, 3, and 7 and 1 injection on days 28 and 90) with equine rabies immunoglobulin. We then determined rabies neutralizing antibody (NAb) up to day 360. Results Geometric mean titers for subjects receiving the 4-site intradermal regimen, with or without equine rabies immunoglobulin, had significantly higher NAb values than did the control group on day 14 and 28 (P &lt;.001). All subjects in all groups had a NAb value ⩾0.5 IU/mL on days 14 and 28. The percentages of subjects who had a NAb value ⩾0.5 IU/mL from days 0 through 360 were not significantly different among the 3 groups. Conclusions After any PEP regimen, World Health Organization recommendations require a NAb value ⩾0.5 IU/mL on days 14 and 28. The 1-week PEP regimen, therefore, appears promising. It increased immunogenicity over the 2-site intradermal schedule, and it is convenient and can be used in small clinics, because it consumes almost the entire supplied vaccine ampoule volume.</abstract><cop>Oxford</cop><pub>The University of Chicago Press</pub><pmid>19995217</pmid><doi>10.1086/649211</doi><tpages>5</tpages></addata></record>
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source Jstor Complete Legacy; Oxford University Press Journals All Titles (1996-Current); MEDLINE; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; Alma/SFX Local Collection
subjects Adult
Analysis of Variance
Animals
Antibodies
Antibodies, Neutralizing - blood
Antibodies, Viral - blood
ARTICLES AND COMMENTARIES
Biological and medical sciences
Cercopithecus aethiops
Clinical medicine
Disease prevention
Female
Geometric mean
Horses
Human viral diseases
Humans
Immune system
Immunization, Passive - methods
Immunoglobulins
Immunoglobulins - administration & dosage
Infectious diseases
Injections, Intradermal
Male
Medical research
Medical sciences
Middle Aged
Neutralizing antibodies
Nonprofit organizations
Post exposure prophylaxis
Post-Exposure Prophylaxis - methods
Prospective Studies
Rabies
Rabies - immunology
Rabies - prevention & control
Rabies vaccines
Rabies Vaccines - administration & dosage
Rabies Vaccines - adverse effects
Rabies Vaccines - immunology
Vaccination
Vaccines
Vero Cells
Viral diseases
Viral diseases of the nervous system
title Postexposure Rabies Prophylaxis Completed in 1 Week: Preliminary Study
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