Being “In” With the In-Crowd: The Effects of Social Exclusion and Inclusion Are Enhanced by the Perceived Essentialism of Ingroups and Outgroups
Social belonging is an essential human need. Belonging to social groups serves an important role in shaping our social identities. Nonetheless, research indicates that exclusion by ingroup and outgroup members seems equally aversive. The current studies test the hypothesis that unlike more trivial g...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Personality & social psychology bulletin 2010-08, Vol.36 (8), p.999-1009 |
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| container_title | Personality & social psychology bulletin |
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| creator | Bernstein, Michael J. Sacco, Donald F. Young, Steven G. Hugenberg, Kurt Cook, Eric |
| description | Social belonging is an essential human need. Belonging to social groups serves an important role in shaping our social identities. Nonetheless, research indicates that exclusion by ingroup and outgroup members seems equally aversive. The current studies test the hypothesis that unlike more trivial groups (e.g., smoking or computer preferences), highly essentialized groups may lead to differential effects of ingroup versus outgroup rejection. Consistent with this, exclusion and inclusion by racial ingroup members (relative to racial outgroup members) exacerbated the sting of rejection and the glow of inclusion (Study 1). In a second study, direct manipulations of essentialist beliefs about ingroups and outgroups (i.e., political affiliations) led to the same results. These results offer a novel demonstration that essentialized ingroup—outgroup distinctions enhance the sting of social exclusion and the positivity of social inclusion. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1177/0146167210376059 |
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Belonging to social groups serves an important role in shaping our social identities. Nonetheless, research indicates that exclusion by ingroup and outgroup members seems equally aversive. The current studies test the hypothesis that unlike more trivial groups (e.g., smoking or computer preferences), highly essentialized groups may lead to differential effects of ingroup versus outgroup rejection. Consistent with this, exclusion and inclusion by racial ingroup members (relative to racial outgroup members) exacerbated the sting of rejection and the glow of inclusion (Study 1). In a second study, direct manipulations of essentialist beliefs about ingroups and outgroups (i.e., political affiliations) led to the same results. These results offer a novel demonstration that essentialized ingroup—outgroup distinctions enhance the sting of social exclusion and the positivity of social inclusion.</description><subject>Analysis of Variance</subject><subject>Aversive</subject><subject>Belonging</subject><subject>Essentialism</subject><subject>Ethnic Groups - psychology</subject><subject>European Continental Ancestry Group - psychology</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Group identity</subject><subject>Group Processes</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Ingroup-Outgroup differentiation</subject><subject>Ingroups</subject><subject>Intergroup relations</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Outgroups</subject><subject>Politics</subject><subject>Positive emotions</subject><subject>Racial differences</subject><subject>Rejection</subject><subject>Rejection (Psychology)</subject><subject>Smoking</subject><subject>Social Desirability</subject><subject>Social exclusion</subject><subject>Social groups</subject><subject>Social identity</subject><subject>Social integration</subject><subject>Social Isolation - psychology</subject><subject>Social Perception</subject><subject>Students - psychology</subject><issn>0146-1672</issn><issn>1552-7433</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2010</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>7QJ</sourceid><sourceid>BHHNA</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkU9rFDEYxoNY7Fq9e5KAB09j8z8Tb3VZdaFQwYrHIZO8sztlNlmTGbW3fgiP-uX6Scx2W5GCSA7hyft7nvDyIPSMkleUan1MqFBUaUYJ14pI8wDNqJSs0oLzh2i2G1e7-SF6nPMFIUQowR6hQ0aU4bwWM_TjDfRhha-vfi7D9dUv_Lkf13hcA16Gap7iN_8anxe16DpwY8axwx-j6-2AF9_dMOU-BmyDL_SdOkmFDmsbHHjcXt5kfYDkoP9aHhY5QxiLv8-bXdgyrFKctvkm5Gwa9-oJOujskOHp7X2EPr1dnM_fV6dn75bzk9PKCmrGSkAnaqgp66ip244Z35a9FZdMae-I1yDBON06aYnwinHnqWSutbUQrSSWH6GX-9xtil8myGOz6bODYbAB4pQbLQUth9T_J0VtpNGKF_LFPfIiTimUNRpqWM0ZM1QXiuwpl2LOCbpmm_qNTZcNJc2u2uZ-tcXy_DZ4ajfg_xjuuixAtQeyXcFfv_4r8DdqmKxc</recordid><startdate>20100801</startdate><enddate>20100801</enddate><creator>Bernstein, Michael J.</creator><creator>Sacco, Donald F.</creator><creator>Young, Steven G.</creator><creator>Hugenberg, Kurt</creator><creator>Cook, Eric</creator><general>SAGE Publications</general><general>SAGE PUBLICATIONS, INC</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QJ</scope><scope>7U4</scope><scope>BHHNA</scope><scope>DWI</scope><scope>WZK</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20100801</creationdate><title>Being “In” With the In-Crowd: The Effects of Social Exclusion and Inclusion Are Enhanced by the Perceived Essentialism of Ingroups and Outgroups</title><author>Bernstein, Michael J. ; Sacco, Donald F. ; Young, Steven G. ; Hugenberg, Kurt ; Cook, Eric</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-a419t-4ef48e812f198bf29db433635267dc0d7e5e9c7bc5a04d623cd152cba844b50a3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2010</creationdate><topic>Analysis of Variance</topic><topic>Aversive</topic><topic>Belonging</topic><topic>Essentialism</topic><topic>Ethnic Groups - psychology</topic><topic>European Continental Ancestry Group - psychology</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Group identity</topic><topic>Group Processes</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Ingroup-Outgroup differentiation</topic><topic>Ingroups</topic><topic>Intergroup relations</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Outgroups</topic><topic>Politics</topic><topic>Positive emotions</topic><topic>Racial differences</topic><topic>Rejection</topic><topic>Rejection (Psychology)</topic><topic>Smoking</topic><topic>Social Desirability</topic><topic>Social exclusion</topic><topic>Social groups</topic><topic>Social identity</topic><topic>Social integration</topic><topic>Social Isolation - psychology</topic><topic>Social Perception</topic><topic>Students - psychology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Bernstein, Michael J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sacco, Donald F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Young, Steven G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hugenberg, Kurt</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cook, Eric</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA)</collection><collection>Sociological Abstracts (pre-2017)</collection><collection>Sociological Abstracts</collection><collection>Sociological Abstracts</collection><collection>Sociological Abstracts (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Personality & social psychology bulletin</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Bernstein, Michael J.</au><au>Sacco, Donald F.</au><au>Young, Steven G.</au><au>Hugenberg, Kurt</au><au>Cook, Eric</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Being “In” With the In-Crowd: The Effects of Social Exclusion and Inclusion Are Enhanced by the Perceived Essentialism of Ingroups and Outgroups</atitle><jtitle>Personality & social psychology bulletin</jtitle><addtitle>Pers Soc Psychol Bull</addtitle><date>2010-08-01</date><risdate>2010</risdate><volume>36</volume><issue>8</issue><spage>999</spage><epage>1009</epage><pages>999-1009</pages><issn>0146-1672</issn><eissn>1552-7433</eissn><abstract>Social belonging is an essential human need. Belonging to social groups serves an important role in shaping our social identities. Nonetheless, research indicates that exclusion by ingroup and outgroup members seems equally aversive. The current studies test the hypothesis that unlike more trivial groups (e.g., smoking or computer preferences), highly essentialized groups may lead to differential effects of ingroup versus outgroup rejection. Consistent with this, exclusion and inclusion by racial ingroup members (relative to racial outgroup members) exacerbated the sting of rejection and the glow of inclusion (Study 1). In a second study, direct manipulations of essentialist beliefs about ingroups and outgroups (i.e., political affiliations) led to the same results. These results offer a novel demonstration that essentialized ingroup—outgroup distinctions enhance the sting of social exclusion and the positivity of social inclusion.</abstract><cop>Los Angeles, CA</cop><pub>SAGE Publications</pub><pmid>20693384</pmid><doi>10.1177/0146167210376059</doi><tpages>11</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Analysis of Variance Aversive Belonging Essentialism Ethnic Groups - psychology European Continental Ancestry Group - psychology Female Group identity Group Processes Humans Ingroup-Outgroup differentiation Ingroups Intergroup relations Male Outgroups Politics Positive emotions Racial differences Rejection Rejection (Psychology) Smoking Social Desirability Social exclusion Social groups Social identity Social integration Social Isolation - psychology Social Perception Students - psychology |
| title | Being “In” With the In-Crowd: The Effects of Social Exclusion and Inclusion Are Enhanced by the Perceived Essentialism of Ingroups and Outgroups |
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