Effect of Carnosine and Its Trolox-Modified Derivatives on Life Span of Drosophila melanogaster

This study investigated the effect of antioxidants, i.e., carnosine and its Trolox- (water-soluble analog of α-tocopherol) acylated derivatives ( S,S )-6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carbonyl-β-alanyl- L -histidine ( S,S -Trolox-carnosine, STC) and ( R,S )-6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carbonyl-β-alanyl- L -histidine ( R,S -Trolox-carnosine, RTC) on the life span of the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster . Adding carnosine to foodstuff was accompanied and followed by a 20% increase in the average life span of males, but it did not influence the average life span of females. At the same time, adding STC to foodstuff prolonged average longevity both in males (by 16%) and females (by 36%), but the addition of RTC to foodstuff had no influence upon the average life span of insects of either gender. The compounds studied have previously been shown to protect neurons of the rat brain from oxidative stress in the descending order of efficiency: RTC > STC > carnosine. The finding obtained in the present study suggests another order of efficacy regarding the effect on life span in male insects: STC > carnosine > RTC (inefficient). No correlation between antioxidant protection of rat neurons and the effect on life span of the fruit fly makes it possible to suppose the presence of additional cellular targets to be acted upon by exposure of D. melanogaster to these compounds.