Use of Benzodiazepines, Hypnotics, and Anxiolytics in Major Depressive Disorder: Association With Chronic Pain Diseases
We examined the use of benzodiazepines (BZD), hypnotics, and anxiolytics and their associations with chronic pain diseases (CPD) in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). A retrospective analysis of 153,913 MDD patients (18–64 years) in a large administrative insured claims database during t...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | The journal of nervous and mental disease 2010-08, Vol.198 (8), p.544-550 |
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| creator | Liu, Xianchen Ye, Wenyu Watson, Peter Tepper, Ping |
| description | We examined the use of benzodiazepines (BZD), hypnotics, and anxiolytics and their associations with chronic pain diseases (CPD) in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). A retrospective analysis of 153,913 MDD patients (18–64 years) in a large administrative insured claims database during the year 2006 was performed. Results showed that during the study year, 33.1% of the patients had been prescribed BZD; 16.9%, hypnotics; and 6.1%, anxiolytics. The use of BZD and hypnotics increased with age. Patients with CPD were more likely than those without CPD to use BZD (41.2% vs. 27.0%, p < 0.001), hypnotics (21.7% vs. 13.3%, p < 0.001), and anxiolytics (7.8% vs. 4.8%, p < 0.01). After adjustment for demographics and comorbidities, CPD was still significantly associated with increased use of BZD (OR = 1.62), hypnotics (OR = 1.49), and anxiolytics (OR = 1.51). Further research is needed to examine the long-term benefits and risks of BZD and hypnotics in the treatment of MDD and CPD. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1097/NMD.0b013e3181e9daf7 |
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A retrospective analysis of 153,913 MDD patients (18–64 years) in a large administrative insured claims database during the year 2006 was performed. Results showed that during the study year, 33.1% of the patients had been prescribed BZD; 16.9%, hypnotics; and 6.1%, anxiolytics. The use of BZD and hypnotics increased with age. Patients with CPD were more likely than those without CPD to use BZD (41.2% vs. 27.0%, p < 0.001), hypnotics (21.7% vs. 13.3%, p < 0.001), and anxiolytics (7.8% vs. 4.8%, p < 0.01). After adjustment for demographics and comorbidities, CPD was still significantly associated with increased use of BZD (OR = 1.62), hypnotics (OR = 1.49), and anxiolytics (OR = 1.51). Further research is needed to examine the long-term benefits and risks of BZD and hypnotics in the treatment of MDD and CPD.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0022-3018</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1539-736X</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1097/NMD.0b013e3181e9daf7</identifier><identifier>PMID: 20699718</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JNMDAN</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Distribution ; Age Factors ; Anti-Anxiety Agents - adverse effects ; Anti-Anxiety Agents - therapeutic use ; Benzodiazepines - adverse effects ; Benzodiazepines - therapeutic use ; Biological and medical sciences ; Chronic Disease ; Chronic illnesses ; Comorbidity ; Demographics ; Depressive Disorder, Major - diagnosis ; Depressive Disorder, Major - drug therapy ; Depressive Disorder, Major - epidemiology ; Drug Utilization ; Female ; Humans ; Hypnotics and Sedatives - adverse effects ; Hypnotics and Sedatives - therapeutic use ; Insurance, Health - statistics & numerical data ; International Classification of Diseases ; Male ; Managed Care Programs - statistics & numerical data ; Medical sciences ; Mental depression ; Middle Aged ; Morbidity ; Neuropharmacology ; Pain - chemically induced ; Pain - drug therapy ; Pain - epidemiology ; Pharmacology. Drug treatments ; Psychoanaleptics: cns stimulant, antidepressant agent, nootropic agent, mood stabilizer ; Psychoanaleptics: cns stimulant, antidepressant agent, nootropic agent, mood stabilizer..., (alzheimer disease) ; Psycholeptics: tranquillizer, neuroleptic ; Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry ; Psychopharmacology ; Psychotropic drugs ; Sex Factors ; Treatment Outcome</subject><ispartof>The journal of nervous and mental disease, 2010-08, Vol.198 (8), p.544-550</ispartof><rights>2010 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc.</rights><rights>2015 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Aug 2010</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3573-b2ebbb08bf321a81a25e338bdf086d339987c1eb178bbb72fd5a8e102ae593b43</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>315,781,785,27929,27930</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=23146790$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20699718$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Liu, Xianchen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ye, Wenyu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Watson, Peter</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tepper, Ping</creatorcontrib><title>Use of Benzodiazepines, Hypnotics, and Anxiolytics in Major Depressive Disorder: Association With Chronic Pain Diseases</title><title>The journal of nervous and mental disease</title><addtitle>J Nerv Ment Dis</addtitle><description>We examined the use of benzodiazepines (BZD), hypnotics, and anxiolytics and their associations with chronic pain diseases (CPD) in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). A retrospective analysis of 153,913 MDD patients (18–64 years) in a large administrative insured claims database during the year 2006 was performed. Results showed that during the study year, 33.1% of the patients had been prescribed BZD; 16.9%, hypnotics; and 6.1%, anxiolytics. The use of BZD and hypnotics increased with age. Patients with CPD were more likely than those without CPD to use BZD (41.2% vs. 27.0%, p < 0.001), hypnotics (21.7% vs. 13.3%, p < 0.001), and anxiolytics (7.8% vs. 4.8%, p < 0.01). After adjustment for demographics and comorbidities, CPD was still significantly associated with increased use of BZD (OR = 1.62), hypnotics (OR = 1.49), and anxiolytics (OR = 1.51). Further research is needed to examine the long-term benefits and risks of BZD and hypnotics in the treatment of MDD and CPD.</description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Age Distribution</subject><subject>Age Factors</subject><subject>Anti-Anxiety Agents - adverse effects</subject><subject>Anti-Anxiety Agents - therapeutic use</subject><subject>Benzodiazepines - adverse effects</subject><subject>Benzodiazepines - therapeutic use</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Chronic Disease</subject><subject>Chronic illnesses</subject><subject>Comorbidity</subject><subject>Demographics</subject><subject>Depressive Disorder, Major - diagnosis</subject><subject>Depressive Disorder, Major - drug therapy</subject><subject>Depressive Disorder, Major - epidemiology</subject><subject>Drug Utilization</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Hypnotics and Sedatives - adverse effects</subject><subject>Hypnotics and Sedatives - therapeutic use</subject><subject>Insurance, Health - statistics & numerical data</subject><subject>International Classification of Diseases</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Managed Care Programs - statistics & numerical data</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Mental depression</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Morbidity</subject><subject>Neuropharmacology</subject><subject>Pain - chemically induced</subject><subject>Pain - drug therapy</subject><subject>Pain - epidemiology</subject><subject>Pharmacology. Drug treatments</subject><subject>Psychoanaleptics: cns stimulant, antidepressant agent, nootropic agent, mood stabilizer</subject><subject>Psychoanaleptics: cns stimulant, antidepressant agent, nootropic agent, mood stabilizer..., (alzheimer disease)</subject><subject>Psycholeptics: tranquillizer, neuroleptic</subject><subject>Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry</subject><subject>Psychopharmacology</subject><subject>Psychotropic drugs</subject><subject>Sex Factors</subject><subject>Treatment Outcome</subject><issn>0022-3018</issn><issn>1539-736X</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2010</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNpd0VFv0zAQB3ALgVgZfAOELCTECxlnO4ntvZUWGNIGPDDBW2QnF9UltYudULpPj6sVJs0vtk-_O1v6E_KcwRkDLd9-vlqegQUmUDDFUHemlw_IjFVCF1LUPx6SGQDnhQCmTsiTlNYATIoSHpMTDrXWkqkZ2V0npKGn79DfhM6ZG9w6j-kNvdhvfRhdm4_Gd3Tu_7gw7A8F6jy9MusQ6RK3EVNyv5EuXQqxw3hO5ymF1pnRBU-_u3FFF6sYvGvpV5Mbs0OTMD0lj3ozJHx23E_J9Yf33xYXxeWXj58W88uiFZUUheVorQVle8GZUczwCoVQtutB1Z0QWivZMrRMquwk77vKKGTADVZa2FKckte3c7cx_Jowjc3GpRaHwXgMU2pkqbSoNNRZvrwn12GKPn8uo7qqSl6qjMpb1MaQUsS-2Ua3MXHfMGgOsTQ5luZ-LLntxXH2ZDfY_W_6l0MGr47ApNYMfTS-denOCVbWUsPd-7swjBjTz2HaYWxWaIZx1UBeFVSi4MAAVL4Vh5IQfwG86Kdu</recordid><startdate>201008</startdate><enddate>201008</enddate><creator>Liu, Xianchen</creator><creator>Ye, Wenyu</creator><creator>Watson, Peter</creator><creator>Tepper, Ping</creator><general>Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc</general><general>Lippincott Williams & Wilkins</general><general>Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Ovid Technologies</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>201008</creationdate><title>Use of Benzodiazepines, Hypnotics, and Anxiolytics in Major Depressive Disorder: Association With Chronic Pain Diseases</title><author>Liu, Xianchen ; Ye, Wenyu ; Watson, Peter ; Tepper, Ping</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c3573-b2ebbb08bf321a81a25e338bdf086d339987c1eb178bbb72fd5a8e102ae593b43</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2010</creationdate><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Age Distribution</topic><topic>Age Factors</topic><topic>Anti-Anxiety Agents - adverse effects</topic><topic>Anti-Anxiety Agents - therapeutic use</topic><topic>Benzodiazepines - adverse effects</topic><topic>Benzodiazepines - therapeutic use</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Chronic Disease</topic><topic>Chronic illnesses</topic><topic>Comorbidity</topic><topic>Demographics</topic><topic>Depressive Disorder, Major - diagnosis</topic><topic>Depressive Disorder, Major - drug therapy</topic><topic>Depressive Disorder, Major - epidemiology</topic><topic>Drug Utilization</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Hypnotics and Sedatives - adverse effects</topic><topic>Hypnotics and Sedatives - therapeutic use</topic><topic>Insurance, Health - statistics & numerical data</topic><topic>International Classification of Diseases</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Managed Care Programs - statistics & numerical data</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Mental depression</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Morbidity</topic><topic>Neuropharmacology</topic><topic>Pain - chemically induced</topic><topic>Pain - drug therapy</topic><topic>Pain - epidemiology</topic><topic>Pharmacology. Drug treatments</topic><topic>Psychoanaleptics: cns stimulant, antidepressant agent, nootropic agent, mood stabilizer</topic><topic>Psychoanaleptics: cns stimulant, antidepressant agent, nootropic agent, mood stabilizer..., (alzheimer disease)</topic><topic>Psycholeptics: tranquillizer, neuroleptic</topic><topic>Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry</topic><topic>Psychopharmacology</topic><topic>Psychotropic drugs</topic><topic>Sex Factors</topic><topic>Treatment Outcome</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Liu, Xianchen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ye, Wenyu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Watson, Peter</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tepper, Ping</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>The journal of nervous and mental disease</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Liu, Xianchen</au><au>Ye, Wenyu</au><au>Watson, Peter</au><au>Tepper, Ping</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Use of Benzodiazepines, Hypnotics, and Anxiolytics in Major Depressive Disorder: Association With Chronic Pain Diseases</atitle><jtitle>The journal of nervous and mental disease</jtitle><addtitle>J Nerv Ment Dis</addtitle><date>2010-08</date><risdate>2010</risdate><volume>198</volume><issue>8</issue><spage>544</spage><epage>550</epage><pages>544-550</pages><issn>0022-3018</issn><eissn>1539-736X</eissn><coden>JNMDAN</coden><abstract>We examined the use of benzodiazepines (BZD), hypnotics, and anxiolytics and their associations with chronic pain diseases (CPD) in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). A retrospective analysis of 153,913 MDD patients (18–64 years) in a large administrative insured claims database during the year 2006 was performed. Results showed that during the study year, 33.1% of the patients had been prescribed BZD; 16.9%, hypnotics; and 6.1%, anxiolytics. The use of BZD and hypnotics increased with age. Patients with CPD were more likely than those without CPD to use BZD (41.2% vs. 27.0%, p < 0.001), hypnotics (21.7% vs. 13.3%, p < 0.001), and anxiolytics (7.8% vs. 4.8%, p < 0.01). After adjustment for demographics and comorbidities, CPD was still significantly associated with increased use of BZD (OR = 1.62), hypnotics (OR = 1.49), and anxiolytics (OR = 1.51). Further research is needed to examine the long-term benefits and risks of BZD and hypnotics in the treatment of MDD and CPD.</abstract><cop>Hagerstown, MD</cop><pub>Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc</pub><pmid>20699718</pmid><doi>10.1097/NMD.0b013e3181e9daf7</doi><tpages>7</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Adolescent Adult Age Distribution Age Factors Anti-Anxiety Agents - adverse effects Anti-Anxiety Agents - therapeutic use Benzodiazepines - adverse effects Benzodiazepines - therapeutic use Biological and medical sciences Chronic Disease Chronic illnesses Comorbidity Demographics Depressive Disorder, Major - diagnosis Depressive Disorder, Major - drug therapy Depressive Disorder, Major - epidemiology Drug Utilization Female Humans Hypnotics and Sedatives - adverse effects Hypnotics and Sedatives - therapeutic use Insurance, Health - statistics & numerical data International Classification of Diseases Male Managed Care Programs - statistics & numerical data Medical sciences Mental depression Middle Aged Morbidity Neuropharmacology Pain - chemically induced Pain - drug therapy Pain - epidemiology Pharmacology. Drug treatments Psychoanaleptics: cns stimulant, antidepressant agent, nootropic agent, mood stabilizer Psychoanaleptics: cns stimulant, antidepressant agent, nootropic agent, mood stabilizer..., (alzheimer disease) Psycholeptics: tranquillizer, neuroleptic Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry Psychopharmacology Psychotropic drugs Sex Factors Treatment Outcome |
| title | Use of Benzodiazepines, Hypnotics, and Anxiolytics in Major Depressive Disorder: Association With Chronic Pain Diseases |
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