The serotonin syndrome and its treatment
Serotonin syndrome is caused by drug induced excess of intrasynaptic 5-hydroxytryptamine. The clinical manifestations are mediated by the action of 5-hydroxytryptamine on various subtypes of serotonin receptors. There is no effective drug treatment established. The history of the treatment of seroto...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford) 1999, Vol.13 (1), p.100-109 |
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| container_title | Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford) |
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| creator | Gillman, P. K. |
| description | Serotonin syndrome is caused by drug induced excess of intrasynaptic 5-hydroxytryptamine. The clinical manifestations are mediated by the action of 5-hydroxytryptamine on various subtypes of serotonin receptors. There is no effective drug treatment established. The history of the treatment of serotonin syndrome with 5-hydroxytryptamine blocking drugs is reviewed. A literature search was undertaken using both Medline and a manual search of the older literature. Reports of cases treated with the 5-HT2 blockers cyproheptadine and chlorpromazine were identified and analysed. There is some evidence suggesting the efficacy of chlorpromazine and cyproheptadine in the treatment of serotonin syndrome. The evidence for cyproheptadine is less substantial, perhaps because the dose of cyproheptadine necessary to ensure blockade of brain 5-HT2receptors is 20–30 mg, which is higher than that used in the cases reported to date (4–16 mg). |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1177/026988119901300111 |
| format | Article |
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Drug treatments ; Reviews ; Serotonin ; Serotonin - physiology ; Serotonin receptors ; Serotonin S2 receptors ; Serotonin Syndrome - physiopathology ; Serotonin Syndrome - therapy ; Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors - adverse effects ; Toxicity: nervous system and muscle</subject><ispartof>Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford), 1999, Vol.13 (1), p.100-109</ispartof><rights>1999 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright Sage Publications Ltd. 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K.</creatorcontrib><title>The serotonin syndrome and its treatment</title><title>Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford)</title><addtitle>J Psychopharmacol</addtitle><description>Serotonin syndrome is caused by drug induced excess of intrasynaptic 5-hydroxytryptamine. The clinical manifestations are mediated by the action of 5-hydroxytryptamine on various subtypes of serotonin receptors. There is no effective drug treatment established. The history of the treatment of serotonin syndrome with 5-hydroxytryptamine blocking drugs is reviewed. A literature search was undertaken using both Medline and a manual search of the older literature. Reports of cases treated with the 5-HT2 blockers cyproheptadine and chlorpromazine were identified and analysed. There is some evidence suggesting the efficacy of chlorpromazine and cyproheptadine in the treatment of serotonin syndrome. The evidence for cyproheptadine is less substantial, perhaps because the dose of cyproheptadine necessary to ensure blockade of brain 5-HT2receptors is 20–30 mg, which is higher than that used in the cases reported to date (4–16 mg).</description><subject>Antidepressants</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Chlorpromazine</subject><subject>Cyproheptadine</subject><subject>Drug toxicity and drugs side effects treatment</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Pharmacology. Drug treatments</subject><subject>Reviews</subject><subject>Serotonin</subject><subject>Serotonin - physiology</subject><subject>Serotonin receptors</subject><subject>Serotonin S2 receptors</subject><subject>Serotonin Syndrome - physiopathology</subject><subject>Serotonin Syndrome - therapy</subject><subject>Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors - adverse effects</subject><subject>Toxicity: nervous system and muscle</subject><issn>0269-8811</issn><issn>1461-7285</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1999</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp10MtKAzEUBuAgiq3VF3AhAwq6GZtkMrkspXiDgpu6HtLkRKfMZGoyXfTtTZmCRXF1Fuc7F36ELgm-J0SIKaZcSUmIUpgUGBNCjtCYME5yQWV5jMY7kO_ECJ3FuEqEM16eohHBlJKCszG6W3xCFiF0fedrn8Wtt6FrIdPeZnUfsz6A7lvw_Tk6cbqJcLGvE_T-9LiYveTzt-fX2cM8N0zQPgdMHTOGC8OspaWD0mnFoVxKYRUwLixwsXRAQQKj1LjU1mWhNQaKGbPFBN0Oe9eh-9pA7Ku2jgaaRnvoNrESjFNBi0Imef1LrrpN8Om5iiihhCyUFEnRQZnQxRjAVetQtzpsK4KrXYzV3xjT0NV-9WbZgj0YGXJL4GYPdDS6cUF7U8cfJwqpFE9sOrCoP-Dgvf8vfwPgoYXS</recordid><startdate>1999</startdate><enddate>1999</enddate><creator>Gillman, P. 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Drug treatments</topic><topic>Reviews</topic><topic>Serotonin</topic><topic>Serotonin - physiology</topic><topic>Serotonin receptors</topic><topic>Serotonin S2 receptors</topic><topic>Serotonin Syndrome - physiopathology</topic><topic>Serotonin Syndrome - therapy</topic><topic>Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors - adverse effects</topic><topic>Toxicity: nervous system and muscle</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Gillman, P. 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| ispartof | Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford), 1999, Vol.13 (1), p.100-109 |
| issn | 0269-8811 1461-7285 |
| language | eng |
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| source | Access via SAGE; MEDLINE |
| subjects | Antidepressants Biological and medical sciences Chlorpromazine Cyproheptadine Drug toxicity and drugs side effects treatment Humans Medical sciences Pharmacology. Drug treatments Reviews Serotonin Serotonin - physiology Serotonin receptors Serotonin S2 receptors Serotonin Syndrome - physiopathology Serotonin Syndrome - therapy Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors - adverse effects Toxicity: nervous system and muscle |
| title | The serotonin syndrome and its treatment |
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