Gender differences in drug toxicity

Clinical data suggest that gender dimorphic profiles are emerging in terms of both drug efficacy and adverse drug reactions (ADRs). With an increasing emphasis on individualised therapies and the need to prevent drug attrition there is a compelling need to understand the molecular basis for gender d...

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Veröffentlicht in:Trends in pharmacological sciences (Regular ed.) 2010-03, Vol.31 (3), p.108-114
Hauptverfasser: Nicolson, Tamara J, Mellor, Howard R, Roberts, Ruth R.A
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container_title Trends in pharmacological sciences (Regular ed.)
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creator Nicolson, Tamara J
Mellor, Howard R
Roberts, Ruth R.A
description Clinical data suggest that gender dimorphic profiles are emerging in terms of both drug efficacy and adverse drug reactions (ADRs). With an increasing emphasis on individualised therapies and the need to prevent drug attrition there is a compelling need to understand the molecular basis for gender dimorphic profiles in ADRs and the consequences. Classes of agents exhibiting gender-based variation in pharmaceutical efficacy and toxicity include anaesthetics, HIV-1 therapies and antiarrhythmic drugs. Body weight differences are often cited as a reason for differences in drug pharmacokinetics and subsequent toxicity. However, some studies accounted for these factors and still found significance suggesting that dosage versus body weight does not explain the outcome. Here, we present an overview of current understanding of gender-specific drug toxicity and present rational molecular explanations for these adverse events. There is mounting evidence in support of hormonal effects underpinning the majority of the ADR differences observed between the sexes.
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.tips.2009.12.001
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subjects Advanced Basic Science
Carrier Proteins - metabolism
Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions - etiology
Female
Hormones - metabolism
Human immunodeficiency virus 1
Humans
Male
Pharmaceutical Preparations - metabolism
Sex Characteristics
title Gender differences in drug toxicity
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