Antibiotics and antibiotic resistance in water environments

Antibiotic-resistant organisms enter into water environments from human and animal sources. These bacteria are able to spread their genes into water-indigenous microbes, which also contain resistance genes. On the contrary, many antibiotics from industrial origin circulate in water environments, pot...

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Veröffentlicht in:Current opinion in biotechnology 2008-06, Vol.19 (3), p.260-265
Hauptverfasser: Baquero, Fernando, Martínez, José-Luis, Cantón, Rafael
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container_title Current opinion in biotechnology
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creator Baquero, Fernando
Martínez, José-Luis
Cantón, Rafael
description Antibiotic-resistant organisms enter into water environments from human and animal sources. These bacteria are able to spread their genes into water-indigenous microbes, which also contain resistance genes. On the contrary, many antibiotics from industrial origin circulate in water environments, potentially altering microbial ecosystems. Risk assessment protocols for antibiotics and resistant bacteria in water, based on better systems for antibiotics detection and antibiotic-resistance microbial source tracking, are starting to be discussed. Methods to reduce resistant bacterial load in wastewaters, and the amount of antimicrobial agents, in most cases originated in hospitals and farms, include optimization of disinfection procedures and management of wastewater and manure. A policy for preventing mixing human-originated and animal-originated bacteria with environmental organisms seems advisable.
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.copbio.2008.05.006
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subjects Animals
Anti-Bacterial Agents - analysis
Bacteria - drug effects
Bacteria - genetics
Biotechnology
Drug Resistance, Bacterial - genetics
Ecosystem
Gene Transfer, Horizontal
Genes, Bacterial
Humans
Industrial Waste - analysis
Internal Medicine
Risk Assessment
Soil Pollutants - analysis
Waste Management
Water Microbiology
Water Pollutants, Chemical - analysis
title Antibiotics and antibiotic resistance in water environments
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