Effect of Matrix Elasticity on the Maintenance of the Chondrogenic Phenotype
The aim of this study was to examine the influence of matrix elasticity on the maintenance of the chondrogenic phenotype of chondrocytes cultured in monolayer. We used a two-dimensional culturing system in which polyacrylamide gels with different concentrations of bis-acrylamide were coated with col...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Tissue engineering. Part A 2010-04, Vol.16 (4), p.1281-1290 |
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| creator | Schuh, Elena Kramer, Jan Rohwedel, Jürgen Notbohm, Holger Müller, Ralph Gutsmann, Thomas Rotter, Nicole |
| description | The aim of this study was to examine the influence of matrix elasticity on the maintenance of the chondrogenic phenotype of chondrocytes cultured in monolayer. We used a two-dimensional culturing system in which polyacrylamide gels with different concentrations of bis-acrylamide were coated with collagen type I. Matrices with a Young's modulus of 4, 10, 40, and 100 kPa were produced, as determined by atomic force microscopy. Porcine chondrocytes were cultivated on these matrices at a low density for 7 days. The proliferation of cells was analyzed by 5-Bromo-2′-deoxy-uridine incorporation. Maintenance of the chondrogenic phenotype was analyzed by measuring collagen type I, type II, and aggrecan gene expression, immunofluorescence staining for collagen type II, and phalloidin staining for actin filaments. Cellular proliferation and actin organization were decreased on matrices of 4 kPa compared with stiffer substrates. The differentiated phenotype of the chondrocytes grown on matrices of 4 kPa was stabilized, indicated by higher collagen type II and aggrecan, and lower collagen type I expression. These findings indicate that chondrocytes sense the elasticity of the matrix and might be used for the design of scaffolds with mechanical properties specifically tailored to support the chondrogenic phenotype in tissue engineering applications. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1089/ten.tea.2009.0614 |
| format | Article |
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We used a two-dimensional culturing system in which polyacrylamide gels with different concentrations of bis-acrylamide were coated with collagen type I. Matrices with a Young's modulus of 4, 10, 40, and 100 kPa were produced, as determined by atomic force microscopy. Porcine chondrocytes were cultivated on these matrices at a low density for 7 days. The proliferation of cells was analyzed by 5-Bromo-2′-deoxy-uridine incorporation. Maintenance of the chondrogenic phenotype was analyzed by measuring collagen type I, type II, and aggrecan gene expression, immunofluorescence staining for collagen type II, and phalloidin staining for actin filaments. Cellular proliferation and actin organization were decreased on matrices of 4 kPa compared with stiffer substrates. The differentiated phenotype of the chondrocytes grown on matrices of 4 kPa was stabilized, indicated by higher collagen type II and aggrecan, and lower collagen type I expression. These findings indicate that chondrocytes sense the elasticity of the matrix and might be used for the design of scaffolds with mechanical properties specifically tailored to support the chondrogenic phenotype in tissue engineering applications.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1937-3341</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1937-335X</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2009.0614</identifier><identifier>PMID: 19903088</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Mary Ann Liebert, Inc</publisher><subject>Acrylic Resins ; Actins - metabolism ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cartilage cells ; Cell Proliferation ; Cells, Cultured ; Chondrocytes - cytology ; Chondrocytes - physiology ; Chondrogenesis - genetics ; Chondrogenesis - physiology ; Collagen ; Collagen Type I - genetics ; Collagen Type I - metabolism ; Collagen Type II - genetics ; Collagen Type II - metabolism ; DNA Primers - genetics ; Elastic Modulus ; Elasticity ; Extracellular matrix ; Extracellular Matrix - physiology ; Gels ; Gene expression ; Genetic aspects ; Genotype & phenotype ; Identification and classification ; Matrix ; Original Articles ; Phenotype ; Physiological aspects ; Properties ; Sus scrofa ; Tissue engineering ; Tissue Engineering - methods ; Tissue Scaffolds</subject><ispartof>Tissue engineering. 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Part A</title><addtitle>Tissue Eng Part A</addtitle><description>The aim of this study was to examine the influence of matrix elasticity on the maintenance of the chondrogenic phenotype of chondrocytes cultured in monolayer. We used a two-dimensional culturing system in which polyacrylamide gels with different concentrations of bis-acrylamide were coated with collagen type I. Matrices with a Young's modulus of 4, 10, 40, and 100 kPa were produced, as determined by atomic force microscopy. Porcine chondrocytes were cultivated on these matrices at a low density for 7 days. The proliferation of cells was analyzed by 5-Bromo-2′-deoxy-uridine incorporation. Maintenance of the chondrogenic phenotype was analyzed by measuring collagen type I, type II, and aggrecan gene expression, immunofluorescence staining for collagen type II, and phalloidin staining for actin filaments. Cellular proliferation and actin organization were decreased on matrices of 4 kPa compared with stiffer substrates. The differentiated phenotype of the chondrocytes grown on matrices of 4 kPa was stabilized, indicated by higher collagen type II and aggrecan, and lower collagen type I expression. These findings indicate that chondrocytes sense the elasticity of the matrix and might be used for the design of scaffolds with mechanical properties specifically tailored to support the chondrogenic phenotype in tissue engineering applications.</description><subject>Acrylic Resins</subject><subject>Actins - metabolism</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Base Sequence</subject><subject>Cartilage cells</subject><subject>Cell Proliferation</subject><subject>Cells, Cultured</subject><subject>Chondrocytes - cytology</subject><subject>Chondrocytes - physiology</subject><subject>Chondrogenesis - genetics</subject><subject>Chondrogenesis - physiology</subject><subject>Collagen</subject><subject>Collagen Type I - genetics</subject><subject>Collagen Type I - metabolism</subject><subject>Collagen Type II - genetics</subject><subject>Collagen Type II - metabolism</subject><subject>DNA Primers - genetics</subject><subject>Elastic Modulus</subject><subject>Elasticity</subject><subject>Extracellular matrix</subject><subject>Extracellular Matrix - physiology</subject><subject>Gels</subject><subject>Gene expression</subject><subject>Genetic aspects</subject><subject>Genotype & phenotype</subject><subject>Identification and classification</subject><subject>Matrix</subject><subject>Original Articles</subject><subject>Phenotype</subject><subject>Physiological aspects</subject><subject>Properties</subject><subject>Sus scrofa</subject><subject>Tissue engineering</subject><subject>Tissue Engineering - methods</subject><subject>Tissue Scaffolds</subject><issn>1937-3341</issn><issn>1937-335X</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2010</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkV-LEzEUxQdxcf_oB_BFBn3wqePNJJkkj0uprtBFHxR8C5nMnW2WaVKTFLbf3gwtiiLsEkLCze-c3ORU1WsCDQGpPmT0TUbTtACqgY6wZ9UFUVQsKOU_nv_eM3JeXaZ0D9BBJ8SL6pwoBRSkvKjWq3FEm-sw1rcmR_dQryaTsrMuH-rg67zBcuB8ucp4izM3l5ab4IcY7tA7W3_doA_5sMOX1dlopoSvTutV9f3j6tvyZrH-8unz8nq9sFzKvDBKyR77noCgpQ3gOIwEmFBkHDpKmBUcuGhBcGmAtUp1HBm3igFnYIHQq-r90XcXw889pqy3LlmcJuMx7JMWjCtoO9E-TpafEpK2rJBv_yHvwz768gzdAilWgskCvTtCd2ZC7fwYcjR2ttTXLZOlQaC0UM1_qDIG3DobPI6u1P8SkKPAxpBSxFHvotuaeNAE9Jy0Lt9fptFz0npOumjenPrd91sc_ihO0RZAHIG5bLyfHPYY8xOsfwH0k7O7</recordid><startdate>20100401</startdate><enddate>20100401</enddate><creator>Schuh, Elena</creator><creator>Kramer, Jan</creator><creator>Rohwedel, Jürgen</creator><creator>Notbohm, Holger</creator><creator>Müller, Ralph</creator><creator>Gutsmann, Thomas</creator><creator>Rotter, Nicole</creator><general>Mary Ann Liebert, Inc</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QP</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7TO</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88A</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>88I</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2P</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>P64</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20100401</creationdate><title>Effect of Matrix Elasticity on the Maintenance of the Chondrogenic Phenotype</title><author>Schuh, Elena ; 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Part A</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Schuh, Elena</au><au>Kramer, Jan</au><au>Rohwedel, Jürgen</au><au>Notbohm, Holger</au><au>Müller, Ralph</au><au>Gutsmann, Thomas</au><au>Rotter, Nicole</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Effect of Matrix Elasticity on the Maintenance of the Chondrogenic Phenotype</atitle><jtitle>Tissue engineering. Part A</jtitle><addtitle>Tissue Eng Part A</addtitle><date>2010-04-01</date><risdate>2010</risdate><volume>16</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>1281</spage><epage>1290</epage><pages>1281-1290</pages><issn>1937-3341</issn><eissn>1937-335X</eissn><abstract>The aim of this study was to examine the influence of matrix elasticity on the maintenance of the chondrogenic phenotype of chondrocytes cultured in monolayer. We used a two-dimensional culturing system in which polyacrylamide gels with different concentrations of bis-acrylamide were coated with collagen type I. Matrices with a Young's modulus of 4, 10, 40, and 100 kPa were produced, as determined by atomic force microscopy. Porcine chondrocytes were cultivated on these matrices at a low density for 7 days. The proliferation of cells was analyzed by 5-Bromo-2′-deoxy-uridine incorporation. Maintenance of the chondrogenic phenotype was analyzed by measuring collagen type I, type II, and aggrecan gene expression, immunofluorescence staining for collagen type II, and phalloidin staining for actin filaments. Cellular proliferation and actin organization were decreased on matrices of 4 kPa compared with stiffer substrates. The differentiated phenotype of the chondrocytes grown on matrices of 4 kPa was stabilized, indicated by higher collagen type II and aggrecan, and lower collagen type I expression. These findings indicate that chondrocytes sense the elasticity of the matrix and might be used for the design of scaffolds with mechanical properties specifically tailored to support the chondrogenic phenotype in tissue engineering applications.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Mary Ann Liebert, Inc</pub><pmid>19903088</pmid><doi>10.1089/ten.tea.2009.0614</doi><tpages>10</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Tissue engineering. Part A, 2010-04, Vol.16 (4), p.1281-1290 |
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| subjects | Acrylic Resins Actins - metabolism Animals Base Sequence Cartilage cells Cell Proliferation Cells, Cultured Chondrocytes - cytology Chondrocytes - physiology Chondrogenesis - genetics Chondrogenesis - physiology Collagen Collagen Type I - genetics Collagen Type I - metabolism Collagen Type II - genetics Collagen Type II - metabolism DNA Primers - genetics Elastic Modulus Elasticity Extracellular matrix Extracellular Matrix - physiology Gels Gene expression Genetic aspects Genotype & phenotype Identification and classification Matrix Original Articles Phenotype Physiological aspects Properties Sus scrofa Tissue engineering Tissue Engineering - methods Tissue Scaffolds |
| title | Effect of Matrix Elasticity on the Maintenance of the Chondrogenic Phenotype |
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