Characterization of a 7% carbon dioxide (CO2) inhalation paradigm to evoke anxiety symptoms in healthy subjects
The present study is aimed at characterizing the carbon dioxide (CO2) procedure in healthy subjects to achieve reliable provocation of anxiety symptoms. Thirty healthy subjects inhaled in single-blind both compressed air and 7% CO2 mixture. Panic Symptom List (PSLIII-R), Visual Analogue Scale-Anxiet...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford) 2005-09, Vol.19 (5), p.494-503 |
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| creator | Poma, Stefano Zanone Milleri, Stefano Squassante, Lisa Nucci, Gianluca Bani, Massimo Perini, Giulia I. Merlo-Pich, Emilio |
| description | The present study is aimed at characterizing the carbon dioxide (CO2) procedure in healthy subjects to achieve reliable provocation of anxiety symptoms.
Thirty healthy subjects inhaled in single-blind both compressed air and 7% CO2 mixture. Panic Symptom List (PSLIII-R), Visual Analogue Scale-Anxiety (VAS-A), State Anxiety Inventory (STAI-Y/1), respiratory parameters and skin conductance were measured. ‘Responders’ were classified depending on PSLIII-R scores after CO2. Twelve out of the 21 ‘responders’ performed a second test to assess test-retest repeatability.
In 21 subjects%VAS-A (45.4 32.1) and PSLIII-R (pre-test 2.3 2.1, post-test 17.5 8.2) but not STAI-Y/1, significantly increased during CO2 inhalation. Respiratory Rate, Minute Volume, end-Tidal CO2 and skin conductance rose in ‘responders’. Repeatability was studied with Bland-Altman plots, revealing mean difference between tests close to 0 for both%VAS-A and PSLIII-R. Among physiologic parameters, end-Tidal CO2 and Respiratory Rate showed good repeatability, with a within-subject CV of 9.2% and 6%, respectively.
The challenge produced measurable response in healthy subjects. Good test-retest repeatability was observed in ‘responders’. These data indicate that the test can be suitable for testing putative anti-panic or anxiolytic drugs in clinical studies using a within subject, crossover design. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1177/0269881105056533 |
| format | Article |
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Thirty healthy subjects inhaled in single-blind both compressed air and 7% CO2 mixture. Panic Symptom List (PSLIII-R), Visual Analogue Scale-Anxiety (VAS-A), State Anxiety Inventory (STAI-Y/1), respiratory parameters and skin conductance were measured. ‘Responders’ were classified depending on PSLIII-R scores after CO2. Twelve out of the 21 ‘responders’ performed a second test to assess test-retest repeatability.
In 21 subjects%VAS-A (45.4 32.1) and PSLIII-R (pre-test 2.3 2.1, post-test 17.5 8.2) but not STAI-Y/1, significantly increased during CO2 inhalation. Respiratory Rate, Minute Volume, end-Tidal CO2 and skin conductance rose in ‘responders’. Repeatability was studied with Bland-Altman plots, revealing mean difference between tests close to 0 for both%VAS-A and PSLIII-R. Among physiologic parameters, end-Tidal CO2 and Respiratory Rate showed good repeatability, with a within-subject CV of 9.2% and 6%, respectively.
The challenge produced measurable response in healthy subjects. Good test-retest repeatability was observed in ‘responders’. These data indicate that the test can be suitable for testing putative anti-panic or anxiolytic drugs in clinical studies using a within subject, crossover design.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0269-8811</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1461-7285</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1177/0269881105056533</identifier><identifier>PMID: 16166187</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JOPSEQ</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications</publisher><subject>Administration, Inhalation ; Adult ; Anxiety ; Anxiety - chemically induced ; Anxiety - physiopathology ; Anxiety - psychology ; Biological and medical sciences ; Carbon dioxide ; Carbon Dioxide - administration & dosage ; Causes of ; Cross-Over Studies ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Female ; Health aspects ; Humans ; Male ; Medical sciences ; Middle Aged ; Neuropharmacology ; Panic Disorder - chemically induced ; Panic Disorder - physiopathology ; Panic Disorder - psychology ; Pharmacology ; Pharmacology. Drug treatments ; Psychometrics - methods ; Reproducibility of Results ; Respiration - drug effects ; ROC Curve ; Single-Blind Method ; Tidal Volume - drug effects ; Time Factors</subject><ispartof>Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford), 2005-09, Vol.19 (5), p.494-503</ispartof><rights>2005 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2005 Sage Publications Ltd. (UK)</rights><rights>Copyright Sage Publications Ltd. Sep 2005</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c463t-70ca4526d036e0700e0db86dd167b3981d5546f4f3391e561daa61662213312d3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c463t-70ca4526d036e0700e0db86dd167b3981d5546f4f3391e561daa61662213312d3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/0269881105056533$$EPDF$$P50$$Gsage$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0269881105056533$$EHTML$$P50$$Gsage$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,21798,27901,27902,43597,43598</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=17097400$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16166187$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Poma, Stefano Zanone</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Milleri, Stefano</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Squassante, Lisa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nucci, Gianluca</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bani, Massimo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Perini, Giulia I.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Merlo-Pich, Emilio</creatorcontrib><title>Characterization of a 7% carbon dioxide (CO2) inhalation paradigm to evoke anxiety symptoms in healthy subjects</title><title>Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford)</title><addtitle>J Psychopharmacol</addtitle><description>The present study is aimed at characterizing the carbon dioxide (CO2) procedure in healthy subjects to achieve reliable provocation of anxiety symptoms.
Thirty healthy subjects inhaled in single-blind both compressed air and 7% CO2 mixture. Panic Symptom List (PSLIII-R), Visual Analogue Scale-Anxiety (VAS-A), State Anxiety Inventory (STAI-Y/1), respiratory parameters and skin conductance were measured. ‘Responders’ were classified depending on PSLIII-R scores after CO2. Twelve out of the 21 ‘responders’ performed a second test to assess test-retest repeatability.
In 21 subjects%VAS-A (45.4 32.1) and PSLIII-R (pre-test 2.3 2.1, post-test 17.5 8.2) but not STAI-Y/1, significantly increased during CO2 inhalation. Respiratory Rate, Minute Volume, end-Tidal CO2 and skin conductance rose in ‘responders’. Repeatability was studied with Bland-Altman plots, revealing mean difference between tests close to 0 for both%VAS-A and PSLIII-R. Among physiologic parameters, end-Tidal CO2 and Respiratory Rate showed good repeatability, with a within-subject CV of 9.2% and 6%, respectively.
The challenge produced measurable response in healthy subjects. Good test-retest repeatability was observed in ‘responders’. These data indicate that the test can be suitable for testing putative anti-panic or anxiolytic drugs in clinical studies using a within subject, crossover design.</description><subject>Administration, Inhalation</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Anxiety</subject><subject>Anxiety - chemically induced</subject><subject>Anxiety - physiopathology</subject><subject>Anxiety - psychology</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Carbon dioxide</subject><subject>Carbon Dioxide - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Causes of</subject><subject>Cross-Over Studies</subject><subject>Dose-Response Relationship, Drug</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Health aspects</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Neuropharmacology</subject><subject>Panic Disorder - chemically induced</subject><subject>Panic Disorder - physiopathology</subject><subject>Panic Disorder - psychology</subject><subject>Pharmacology</subject><subject>Pharmacology. Drug treatments</subject><subject>Psychometrics - methods</subject><subject>Reproducibility of Results</subject><subject>Respiration - drug effects</subject><subject>ROC Curve</subject><subject>Single-Blind Method</subject><subject>Tidal Volume - drug effects</subject><subject>Time Factors</subject><issn>0269-8811</issn><issn>1461-7285</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2005</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kcGL1DAUxoMo7rh69yRBWNRD17ymSdrjMrirsLAXPZdM8jqTsW3GJF12_OtN6cDAguQQ8t7vS76Xj5D3wK4BlPrKStnUNQATTEjB-QuygkpCocpavCSruV3M_QvyJsY9YyArKV6TC5AgJdRqRfx6p4M2CYP7q5PzI_Ud1VRdUaPDJh-t80_OIv28fii_UDfudL9wh6yzbjvQ5Ck--t9I9fjkMB1pPA6H5IeYabpD3addrk2bPZoU35JXne4jvjvtl-TX7bef6-_F_cPdj_XNfWEqyVOhmNGVKKVlXCJTjCGzm1paC1JteFODFaKSXdVx3gAKCVbreaayBM6htPySfFruPQT_Z8KY2sFFg32vR_RTbFUlGgairjP58Rm591MYs7m2hJKLhguWoesF2uoeWzd2PuVfy8vi4IwfsXO5fgMVFzUoUFnAFoEJPsaAXXsIbtDh2AJr5-za59llyYeTkWkzoD0LTmFl4OoE6Gh03wU9GhfPnGKNqthstli4qLd4nua_D_8DUKirSA</recordid><startdate>20050901</startdate><enddate>20050901</enddate><creator>Poma, Stefano Zanone</creator><creator>Milleri, Stefano</creator><creator>Squassante, Lisa</creator><creator>Nucci, Gianluca</creator><creator>Bani, Massimo</creator><creator>Perini, Giulia I.</creator><creator>Merlo-Pich, Emilio</creator><general>Sage Publications</general><general>Sage</general><general>Sage Publications Ltd. (UK)</general><general>Sage Publications Ltd</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7TK</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20050901</creationdate><title>Characterization of a 7% carbon dioxide (CO2) inhalation paradigm to evoke anxiety symptoms in healthy subjects</title><author>Poma, Stefano Zanone ; Milleri, Stefano ; Squassante, Lisa ; Nucci, Gianluca ; Bani, Massimo ; Perini, Giulia I. ; Merlo-Pich, Emilio</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c463t-70ca4526d036e0700e0db86dd167b3981d5546f4f3391e561daa61662213312d3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2005</creationdate><topic>Administration, Inhalation</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Anxiety</topic><topic>Anxiety - chemically induced</topic><topic>Anxiety - physiopathology</topic><topic>Anxiety - psychology</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Carbon dioxide</topic><topic>Carbon Dioxide - administration & dosage</topic><topic>Causes of</topic><topic>Cross-Over Studies</topic><topic>Dose-Response Relationship, Drug</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Health aspects</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Neuropharmacology</topic><topic>Panic Disorder - chemically induced</topic><topic>Panic Disorder - physiopathology</topic><topic>Panic Disorder - psychology</topic><topic>Pharmacology</topic><topic>Pharmacology. Drug treatments</topic><topic>Psychometrics - methods</topic><topic>Reproducibility of Results</topic><topic>Respiration - drug effects</topic><topic>ROC Curve</topic><topic>Single-Blind Method</topic><topic>Tidal Volume - drug effects</topic><topic>Time Factors</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Poma, Stefano Zanone</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Milleri, Stefano</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Squassante, Lisa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nucci, Gianluca</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bani, Massimo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Perini, Giulia I.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Merlo-Pich, Emilio</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><jtitle>Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Poma, Stefano Zanone</au><au>Milleri, Stefano</au><au>Squassante, Lisa</au><au>Nucci, Gianluca</au><au>Bani, Massimo</au><au>Perini, Giulia I.</au><au>Merlo-Pich, Emilio</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Characterization of a 7% carbon dioxide (CO2) inhalation paradigm to evoke anxiety symptoms in healthy subjects</atitle><jtitle>Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford)</jtitle><addtitle>J Psychopharmacol</addtitle><date>2005-09-01</date><risdate>2005</risdate><volume>19</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>494</spage><epage>503</epage><pages>494-503</pages><issn>0269-8811</issn><eissn>1461-7285</eissn><coden>JOPSEQ</coden><abstract>The present study is aimed at characterizing the carbon dioxide (CO2) procedure in healthy subjects to achieve reliable provocation of anxiety symptoms.
Thirty healthy subjects inhaled in single-blind both compressed air and 7% CO2 mixture. Panic Symptom List (PSLIII-R), Visual Analogue Scale-Anxiety (VAS-A), State Anxiety Inventory (STAI-Y/1), respiratory parameters and skin conductance were measured. ‘Responders’ were classified depending on PSLIII-R scores after CO2. Twelve out of the 21 ‘responders’ performed a second test to assess test-retest repeatability.
In 21 subjects%VAS-A (45.4 32.1) and PSLIII-R (pre-test 2.3 2.1, post-test 17.5 8.2) but not STAI-Y/1, significantly increased during CO2 inhalation. Respiratory Rate, Minute Volume, end-Tidal CO2 and skin conductance rose in ‘responders’. Repeatability was studied with Bland-Altman plots, revealing mean difference between tests close to 0 for both%VAS-A and PSLIII-R. Among physiologic parameters, end-Tidal CO2 and Respiratory Rate showed good repeatability, with a within-subject CV of 9.2% and 6%, respectively.
The challenge produced measurable response in healthy subjects. Good test-retest repeatability was observed in ‘responders’. These data indicate that the test can be suitable for testing putative anti-panic or anxiolytic drugs in clinical studies using a within subject, crossover design.</abstract><cop>Thousand Oaks, CA</cop><pub>Sage Publications</pub><pmid>16166187</pmid><doi>10.1177/0269881105056533</doi><tpages>10</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford), 2005-09, Vol.19 (5), p.494-503 |
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| subjects | Administration, Inhalation Adult Anxiety Anxiety - chemically induced Anxiety - physiopathology Anxiety - psychology Biological and medical sciences Carbon dioxide Carbon Dioxide - administration & dosage Causes of Cross-Over Studies Dose-Response Relationship, Drug Female Health aspects Humans Male Medical sciences Middle Aged Neuropharmacology Panic Disorder - chemically induced Panic Disorder - physiopathology Panic Disorder - psychology Pharmacology Pharmacology. Drug treatments Psychometrics - methods Reproducibility of Results Respiration - drug effects ROC Curve Single-Blind Method Tidal Volume - drug effects Time Factors |
| title | Characterization of a 7% carbon dioxide (CO2) inhalation paradigm to evoke anxiety symptoms in healthy subjects |
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