Variability of bulk density of distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) during gravity-driven discharge
Loading railcars with consistent tonnage has immense cost implications for the shipping of distillers’ dried grains with soluble (DDGS) product. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate the bulk density variability of DDGS during filling of railcar hoppers. An apparatus was developed simila...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Bioresource technology 2010-07, Vol.101 (14), p.5459-5468 |
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| creator | Clementson, C.L. Ileleji, K.E. |
| description | Loading railcars with consistent tonnage has immense cost implications for the shipping of distillers’ dried grains with soluble (DDGS) product. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate the bulk density variability of DDGS during filling of railcar hoppers. An apparatus was developed similar to a spinning riffler sampler in order to simulate the filling of railcars at an ethanol plant. There was significant difference (
P
<
0.05) between the initial and final measures of bulk density and particle size as the hoppers were emptied in both mass and funnel flow patterns. Particle segregation that takes place during filling of hoppers contributed to the bulk density variation and was explained by particle size variation. This phenomenon is most likely the same throughout the industry and an appropriate sampling procedure should be adopted for measuring the bulk density of DDGS stored silos or transported in railcar hoppers. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.biortech.2010.02.066 |
| format | Article |
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P
<
0.05) between the initial and final measures of bulk density and particle size as the hoppers were emptied in both mass and funnel flow patterns. Particle segregation that takes place during filling of hoppers contributed to the bulk density variation and was explained by particle size variation. This phenomenon is most likely the same throughout the industry and an appropriate sampling procedure should be adopted for measuring the bulk density of DDGS stored silos or transported in railcar hoppers.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0960-8524</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1873-2976</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2010.02.066</identifier><identifier>PMID: 20299210</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Kidlington: Elsevier Ltd</publisher><subject>Animal Feed ; Biological and medical sciences ; Biotechnology - methods ; Bulk density ; Computer Simulation ; DDGS and particle segregation ; DDGS transport ; Density variability ; Desiccation - methods ; Edible Grain - chemistry ; Equipment Design ; Ethanol - chemistry ; Ethyl alcohol ; Food industries ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Grains ; Gravitation ; Hoppers ; Industry ; Particle Size ; Probability ; Railcars ; Railroad cars ; Sampling ; Solubility ; Use and upgrading of agricultural and food by-products. Biotechnology</subject><ispartof>Bioresource technology, 2010-07, Vol.101 (14), p.5459-5468</ispartof><rights>2010 Elsevier Ltd</rights><rights>2015 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright (c) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c453t-975c9756f479aa4c20f0f9dda003cb6f3b469fc1a879cd1bcd04a26f31d0c61f3</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0960852410003779$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,3537,27901,27902,65306</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=22629523$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20299210$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Clementson, C.L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ileleji, K.E.</creatorcontrib><title>Variability of bulk density of distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) during gravity-driven discharge</title><title>Bioresource technology</title><addtitle>Bioresour Technol</addtitle><description>Loading railcars with consistent tonnage has immense cost implications for the shipping of distillers’ dried grains with soluble (DDGS) product. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate the bulk density variability of DDGS during filling of railcar hoppers. An apparatus was developed similar to a spinning riffler sampler in order to simulate the filling of railcars at an ethanol plant. There was significant difference (
P
<
0.05) between the initial and final measures of bulk density and particle size as the hoppers were emptied in both mass and funnel flow patterns. Particle segregation that takes place during filling of hoppers contributed to the bulk density variation and was explained by particle size variation. This phenomenon is most likely the same throughout the industry and an appropriate sampling procedure should be adopted for measuring the bulk density of DDGS stored silos or transported in railcar hoppers.</description><subject>Animal Feed</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Biotechnology - methods</subject><subject>Bulk density</subject><subject>Computer Simulation</subject><subject>DDGS and particle segregation</subject><subject>DDGS transport</subject><subject>Density variability</subject><subject>Desiccation - methods</subject><subject>Edible Grain - chemistry</subject><subject>Equipment Design</subject><subject>Ethanol - chemistry</subject><subject>Ethyl alcohol</subject><subject>Food industries</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Grains</subject><subject>Gravitation</subject><subject>Hoppers</subject><subject>Industry</subject><subject>Particle Size</subject><subject>Probability</subject><subject>Railcars</subject><subject>Railroad cars</subject><subject>Sampling</subject><subject>Solubility</subject><subject>Use and upgrading of agricultural and food by-products. Biotechnology</subject><issn>0960-8524</issn><issn>1873-2976</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2010</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkUFv1DAQhS0EokvhLxRfEHDIMnYSJ76BWiiVKvVQytVy7PGut96ktZNF_fc42m177MGyPPrevCc_Qk4YLBkw8W2z7PwQRzTrJYc8BL4EIV6RBWubsuCyEa_JAqSAoq15dUTepbQBgJI1_C054sCl5AwW5Pavjl53PvjxgQ6OdlO4pRb7dHhbn0YfAsZEbfRo6Spq3yf6z49rmoYwdQET_XJ2dn79ldop-n41I7ssL7Jgh_28wqx1XOF78sbpkPDD4T4mN79-_jn9XVxenV-c_rgsTFWXYyGb2uQjXNVIrSvDwYGT1uoc33TClV0lpDNMt400lnXGQqV5njMLRjBXHpPP-713cbifMI1qmyNgCLrHYUqqqWpR8bYVL5Nl2TbZts6k2JMmDilFdOou-q2OD4qBmhtRG_XYiJobUcBVbiQLTw4WU7dF-yR7rCADnw6ATkYHF3VvfHrmuOCy5mXmPu45pwelVzEzN9fZqQTW8pbVc8bvewLz5-48RpWMx96g9RHNqOzgX0r7H_fMtys</recordid><startdate>20100701</startdate><enddate>20100701</enddate><creator>Clementson, C.L.</creator><creator>Ileleji, K.E.</creator><general>Elsevier Ltd</general><general>[New York, NY]: Elsevier Ltd</general><general>Elsevier</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>7SU</scope><scope>7TB</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>KR7</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20100701</creationdate><title>Variability of bulk density of distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) during gravity-driven discharge</title><author>Clementson, C.L. ; Ileleji, K.E.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c453t-975c9756f479aa4c20f0f9dda003cb6f3b469fc1a879cd1bcd04a26f31d0c61f3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2010</creationdate><topic>Animal Feed</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Biotechnology - methods</topic><topic>Bulk density</topic><topic>Computer Simulation</topic><topic>DDGS and particle segregation</topic><topic>DDGS transport</topic><topic>Density variability</topic><topic>Desiccation - methods</topic><topic>Edible Grain - chemistry</topic><topic>Equipment Design</topic><topic>Ethanol - chemistry</topic><topic>Ethyl alcohol</topic><topic>Food industries</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>Grains</topic><topic>Gravitation</topic><topic>Hoppers</topic><topic>Industry</topic><topic>Particle Size</topic><topic>Probability</topic><topic>Railcars</topic><topic>Railroad cars</topic><topic>Sampling</topic><topic>Solubility</topic><topic>Use and upgrading of agricultural and food by-products. Biotechnology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Clementson, C.L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ileleji, K.E.</creatorcontrib><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>Environmental Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Civil Engineering Abstracts</collection><jtitle>Bioresource technology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Clementson, C.L.</au><au>Ileleji, K.E.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Variability of bulk density of distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) during gravity-driven discharge</atitle><jtitle>Bioresource technology</jtitle><addtitle>Bioresour Technol</addtitle><date>2010-07-01</date><risdate>2010</risdate><volume>101</volume><issue>14</issue><spage>5459</spage><epage>5468</epage><pages>5459-5468</pages><issn>0960-8524</issn><eissn>1873-2976</eissn><abstract>Loading railcars with consistent tonnage has immense cost implications for the shipping of distillers’ dried grains with soluble (DDGS) product. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate the bulk density variability of DDGS during filling of railcar hoppers. An apparatus was developed similar to a spinning riffler sampler in order to simulate the filling of railcars at an ethanol plant. There was significant difference (
P
<
0.05) between the initial and final measures of bulk density and particle size as the hoppers were emptied in both mass and funnel flow patterns. Particle segregation that takes place during filling of hoppers contributed to the bulk density variation and was explained by particle size variation. This phenomenon is most likely the same throughout the industry and an appropriate sampling procedure should be adopted for measuring the bulk density of DDGS stored silos or transported in railcar hoppers.</abstract><cop>Kidlington</cop><pub>Elsevier Ltd</pub><pmid>20299210</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.biortech.2010.02.066</doi><tpages>10</tpages></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0960-8524 |
| ispartof | Bioresource technology, 2010-07, Vol.101 (14), p.5459-5468 |
| issn | 0960-8524 1873-2976 |
| language | eng |
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| source | MEDLINE; Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals |
| subjects | Animal Feed Biological and medical sciences Biotechnology - methods Bulk density Computer Simulation DDGS and particle segregation DDGS transport Density variability Desiccation - methods Edible Grain - chemistry Equipment Design Ethanol - chemistry Ethyl alcohol Food industries Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Grains Gravitation Hoppers Industry Particle Size Probability Railcars Railroad cars Sampling Solubility Use and upgrading of agricultural and food by-products. Biotechnology |
| title | Variability of bulk density of distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) during gravity-driven discharge |
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