Radiological dispersal device outdoor simulation test: Cesium chloride particle characteristics
Particles were generated from the detonation of simulated radiological dispersal devices (RDDs) using non-radioactive CsCl powder and explosive C4. The physical and chemical properties of the resulting particles were characterized. Two RDD simulation tests were conducted at Lawrence Livermore Nation...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of hazardous materials 2010-04, Vol.176 (1), p.56-63 |
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| creator | Lee, Sang Don Snyder, Emily G. Willis, Robert Fischer, Robert Gates-Anderson, Dianne Sutton, Mark Viani, Brian Drake, John MacKinney, John |
| description | Particles were generated from the detonation of simulated radiological dispersal devices (RDDs) using non-radioactive CsCl powder and explosive C4. The physical and chemical properties of the resulting particles were characterized. Two RDD simulation tests were conducted at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory: one of the simulated RDDs was positioned 1
m above a steel plate and the other was partially buried in soil. Particles were collected with filters at a distance of 150
m from the origin of the RDD device, and particle mass concentrations were monitored to identify the particle plume intensity using real time particle samplers. Particles collected on filters were analyzed via computer-controlled scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (CCSEM/EDX) to determine their size distribution, morphology, and chemical constituents. This analysis showed that particles generated by the detonation of explosives can be associated with other materials (e.g., soil) that are in close proximity to the RDD device and that the morphology and chemical makeup of the particles change depending on the interactions of the RDD device with the surrounding materials. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.10.126 |
| format | Article |
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m above a steel plate and the other was partially buried in soil. Particles were collected with filters at a distance of 150
m from the origin of the RDD device, and particle mass concentrations were monitored to identify the particle plume intensity using real time particle samplers. Particles collected on filters were analyzed via computer-controlled scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (CCSEM/EDX) to determine their size distribution, morphology, and chemical constituents. This analysis showed that particles generated by the detonation of explosives can be associated with other materials (e.g., soil) that are in close proximity to the RDD device and that the morphology and chemical makeup of the particles change depending on the interactions of the RDD device with the surrounding materials.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0304-3894</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1873-3336</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.10.126</identifier><identifier>PMID: 19945219</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JHMAD9</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Kidlington: Elsevier B.V</publisher><subject>Applied sciences ; Cesium - chemistry ; Cesium chloride ; Chlorides - chemistry ; Computer-controlled scanning electron microscopy ; Energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry ; Environmental Pollutants - analysis ; Environmental Pollution - analysis ; Exact sciences and technology ; Explosive Agents - chemistry ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Particle characterization ; Particle Size ; Pollution ; Radiological dispersal device ; X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy</subject><ispartof>Journal of hazardous materials, 2010-04, Vol.176 (1), p.56-63</ispartof><rights>2009</rights><rights>2015 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Published by Elsevier B.V.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c426t-e66e28f2dd3746ce6bca3b30beb151ec50427c226e6b889156e47cd83e2fe9d03</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.10.126$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,3550,27924,27925,45995</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=22591409$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19945219$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Lee, Sang Don</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Snyder, Emily G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Willis, Robert</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fischer, Robert</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gates-Anderson, Dianne</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sutton, Mark</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Viani, Brian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Drake, John</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>MacKinney, John</creatorcontrib><title>Radiological dispersal device outdoor simulation test: Cesium chloride particle characteristics</title><title>Journal of hazardous materials</title><addtitle>J Hazard Mater</addtitle><description>Particles were generated from the detonation of simulated radiological dispersal devices (RDDs) using non-radioactive CsCl powder and explosive C4. The physical and chemical properties of the resulting particles were characterized. Two RDD simulation tests were conducted at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory: one of the simulated RDDs was positioned 1
m above a steel plate and the other was partially buried in soil. Particles were collected with filters at a distance of 150
m from the origin of the RDD device, and particle mass concentrations were monitored to identify the particle plume intensity using real time particle samplers. Particles collected on filters were analyzed via computer-controlled scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (CCSEM/EDX) to determine their size distribution, morphology, and chemical constituents. This analysis showed that particles generated by the detonation of explosives can be associated with other materials (e.g., soil) that are in close proximity to the RDD device and that the morphology and chemical makeup of the particles change depending on the interactions of the RDD device with the surrounding materials.</description><subject>Applied sciences</subject><subject>Cesium - chemistry</subject><subject>Cesium chloride</subject><subject>Chlorides - chemistry</subject><subject>Computer-controlled scanning electron microscopy</subject><subject>Energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry</subject><subject>Environmental Pollutants - analysis</subject><subject>Environmental Pollution - analysis</subject><subject>Exact sciences and technology</subject><subject>Explosive Agents - chemistry</subject><subject>Microscopy, Electron, Scanning</subject><subject>Particle characterization</subject><subject>Particle Size</subject><subject>Pollution</subject><subject>Radiological dispersal device</subject><subject>X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy</subject><issn>0304-3894</issn><issn>1873-3336</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2010</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkUtv1DAUhS0EokPhJ4CyQV1l8DsJG4RGhSJVqlSVteXYN9SjZDz4OpXg19dhIrrs6lrH333oHELeM7pllOlP--3-3v6dbN5ySrvtInP9gmxY24haCKFfkg0VVNai7eQZeYO4p5SyRsnX5Ix1nVScdRtibq0PcYy_grNj5QMeIeHygofgoIpz9jGmCsM0jzaHeKgyYP5c7QDDPFXufowpeKiONuXgRiiKTdZlSAGLgG_Jq8GOCO_Wek5-fru8213V1zfff-y-XtdOcp1r0Bp4O3DvRSO1A907K3pBe-iZYuAUlbxxnOvy07YdUxpk43wrgA_QeSrOycVp7jHF33M50UwBHYyjPUCc0TRSaVGsYM-TQihBuVaFVCfSpYiYYDDHFCab_hhGzRKC2Zs1BLOE8E_muvR9WDfM_QT-qWt1vQAfV8BisX1I9uAC_uc4Vx2TdOG-nDgozj0ESAZdgIMDHxK4bHwMz5zyCGcrqcg</recordid><startdate>20100415</startdate><enddate>20100415</enddate><creator>Lee, Sang Don</creator><creator>Snyder, Emily G.</creator><creator>Willis, Robert</creator><creator>Fischer, Robert</creator><creator>Gates-Anderson, Dianne</creator><creator>Sutton, Mark</creator><creator>Viani, Brian</creator><creator>Drake, John</creator><creator>MacKinney, John</creator><general>Elsevier B.V</general><general>Elsevier</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7TV</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>SOI</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20100415</creationdate><title>Radiological dispersal device outdoor simulation test: Cesium chloride particle characteristics</title><author>Lee, Sang Don ; Snyder, Emily G. ; Willis, Robert ; Fischer, Robert ; Gates-Anderson, Dianne ; Sutton, Mark ; Viani, Brian ; Drake, John ; MacKinney, John</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c426t-e66e28f2dd3746ce6bca3b30beb151ec50427c226e6b889156e47cd83e2fe9d03</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2010</creationdate><topic>Applied sciences</topic><topic>Cesium - chemistry</topic><topic>Cesium chloride</topic><topic>Chlorides - chemistry</topic><topic>Computer-controlled scanning electron microscopy</topic><topic>Energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry</topic><topic>Environmental Pollutants - analysis</topic><topic>Environmental Pollution - analysis</topic><topic>Exact sciences and technology</topic><topic>Explosive Agents - chemistry</topic><topic>Microscopy, Electron, Scanning</topic><topic>Particle characterization</topic><topic>Particle Size</topic><topic>Pollution</topic><topic>Radiological dispersal device</topic><topic>X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Lee, Sang Don</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Snyder, Emily G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Willis, Robert</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fischer, Robert</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gates-Anderson, Dianne</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sutton, Mark</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Viani, Brian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Drake, John</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>MacKinney, John</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Pollution Abstracts</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><jtitle>Journal of hazardous materials</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Lee, Sang Don</au><au>Snyder, Emily G.</au><au>Willis, Robert</au><au>Fischer, Robert</au><au>Gates-Anderson, Dianne</au><au>Sutton, Mark</au><au>Viani, Brian</au><au>Drake, John</au><au>MacKinney, John</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Radiological dispersal device outdoor simulation test: Cesium chloride particle characteristics</atitle><jtitle>Journal of hazardous materials</jtitle><addtitle>J Hazard Mater</addtitle><date>2010-04-15</date><risdate>2010</risdate><volume>176</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>56</spage><epage>63</epage><pages>56-63</pages><issn>0304-3894</issn><eissn>1873-3336</eissn><coden>JHMAD9</coden><abstract>Particles were generated from the detonation of simulated radiological dispersal devices (RDDs) using non-radioactive CsCl powder and explosive C4. The physical and chemical properties of the resulting particles were characterized. Two RDD simulation tests were conducted at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory: one of the simulated RDDs was positioned 1
m above a steel plate and the other was partially buried in soil. Particles were collected with filters at a distance of 150
m from the origin of the RDD device, and particle mass concentrations were monitored to identify the particle plume intensity using real time particle samplers. Particles collected on filters were analyzed via computer-controlled scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (CCSEM/EDX) to determine their size distribution, morphology, and chemical constituents. This analysis showed that particles generated by the detonation of explosives can be associated with other materials (e.g., soil) that are in close proximity to the RDD device and that the morphology and chemical makeup of the particles change depending on the interactions of the RDD device with the surrounding materials.</abstract><cop>Kidlington</cop><pub>Elsevier B.V</pub><pmid>19945219</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.10.126</doi><tpages>8</tpages></addata></record> |
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| source | MEDLINE; Access via ScienceDirect (Elsevier) |
| subjects | Applied sciences Cesium - chemistry Cesium chloride Chlorides - chemistry Computer-controlled scanning electron microscopy Energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry Environmental Pollutants - analysis Environmental Pollution - analysis Exact sciences and technology Explosive Agents - chemistry Microscopy, Electron, Scanning Particle characterization Particle Size Pollution Radiological dispersal device X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy |
| title | Radiological dispersal device outdoor simulation test: Cesium chloride particle characteristics |
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