Hand, foot and mouth disease: seroprevalence of Coxsackie A16 and Enterovirus 71 in Germany
Coxsackie A16 (CA16) and Enterovirus 71 (EV71) are members of the picornaviridae family and are associated with hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD), in rare cases also to acute neurological diseases. HFMD outbreaks have been reported from many parts of the world, especially Southeast Asia. The objec...
Gespeichert in:
| Veröffentlicht in: | Medical microbiology and immunology 2010-02, Vol.199 (1), p.45-51 |
|---|---|
| Hauptverfasser: | , , |
| Format: | Artikel |
| Sprache: | eng |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Volltext |
| Tags: |
Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
|
| container_end_page | 51 |
|---|---|
| container_issue | 1 |
| container_start_page | 45 |
| container_title | Medical microbiology and immunology |
| container_volume | 199 |
| creator | Rabenau, Holger F Richter, Matthias Doerr, Hans Wilhelm |
| description | Coxsackie A16 (CA16) and Enterovirus 71 (EV71) are members of the picornaviridae family and are associated with hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD), in rare cases also to acute neurological diseases. HFMD outbreaks have been reported from many parts of the world, especially Southeast Asia. The objective of the study was to analyze CA16 and EV71 seroepidemiologically in the population of Frankfurt/M., Germany. A total of 696 individuals (349 males and 347 females, divided into seven different age groups, 1-4, 5-9, 10-14, 15-19, 20-39, 40-59 and >60 years) were tested for serum antibodies against CA16 and EV71 by the use of a microneutralization test. Sera were collected at the Frankfurt university hospital from patients suffering from other diseases between March and September 2006. CA16 and EV71 infections were observed to be widely present in the population. The age-adjusted seroprevalence for individuals ≥1 year was found to be 62.9% for CA16 and 42.8% for EV71 without a gender-specific significant difference. Only 12.0 and 27.0% of the children aged 1-4 had antibodies to EV71 and CA16, respectively - indicating that 88 and 73% of the children in this age group were susceptible to the infection. A total of 213 individuals (30.6%) was seropositive for both viruses, 303 (43.5%) showed neutralizing antibodies (NtAb) to at least one of the two viruses. A total of 180 individuals (25.9%) revealed no antibodies. High CA16 and EV71 antibody titers were found especially in the age group of the 10- to 14-year-olds, without gender-specific difference. The seroprevalence study demonstrates a common spread of CA16 and EV71 in Germany, but a relatively high susceptibility of the younger population to CA16 and EV71. Obviously, the manifestation rate, i.e., distinct disease of these infections is low. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s00430-009-0133-6 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_745607890</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>1941601811</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c565t-2001fc9a3e8b7617081c21a4b6e77430d7f75bb4d8afc5e42d8196a4f09e57f33</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqFks1u1TAQhS0EoreFB2ADFhJiQ2D8E9thV12VFqkSC-iKheU4dklJ4ls7qejbd0quqMQCVrY03zmemWNCXjB4zwD0hwIgBVQATQVMiEo9IhsmBa-YEewx2YAAqExt5AE5LOUKgGnF4Sk5YE0j0aHekO9nbure0ZjSTPFGx7TMP2jXl-BK-EhLyGmXw40bwuQDTZFu06_i_M8-0GOmfktOphmpmz4vhWpG-4mehjy66fYZeRLdUMLz_XlELj6dfNueVedfTj9vj88rX6t6rjj2FX3jRDCtVkyDYZ4zJ1sVtMb5Oh113bayMy76OkjeGdYoJyM0odZRiCPydvXd5XS9hDLbsS8-DIObQlqK1bJWoE0D_yeF0KwWrEHy9V_kVVryhGNYzsEowN0ixFbI51RKDtHucj-6fGsZ2PuE7JqQxYTsfUJWoebl3nhpx9A9KPaRIPBmD7ji3RCzm3xf_nCca4ORMuT4yhUsTZchP3T4r9dfraLoknWXGY0vvnIs4tdopMIV3QE0I65w</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>220860030</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Hand, foot and mouth disease: seroprevalence of Coxsackie A16 and Enterovirus 71 in Germany</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>SpringerLink Journals - AutoHoldings</source><creator>Rabenau, Holger F ; Richter, Matthias ; Doerr, Hans Wilhelm</creator><creatorcontrib>Rabenau, Holger F ; Richter, Matthias ; Doerr, Hans Wilhelm</creatorcontrib><description>Coxsackie A16 (CA16) and Enterovirus 71 (EV71) are members of the picornaviridae family and are associated with hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD), in rare cases also to acute neurological diseases. HFMD outbreaks have been reported from many parts of the world, especially Southeast Asia. The objective of the study was to analyze CA16 and EV71 seroepidemiologically in the population of Frankfurt/M., Germany. A total of 696 individuals (349 males and 347 females, divided into seven different age groups, 1-4, 5-9, 10-14, 15-19, 20-39, 40-59 and >60 years) were tested for serum antibodies against CA16 and EV71 by the use of a microneutralization test. Sera were collected at the Frankfurt university hospital from patients suffering from other diseases between March and September 2006. CA16 and EV71 infections were observed to be widely present in the population. The age-adjusted seroprevalence for individuals ≥1 year was found to be 62.9% for CA16 and 42.8% for EV71 without a gender-specific significant difference. Only 12.0 and 27.0% of the children aged 1-4 had antibodies to EV71 and CA16, respectively - indicating that 88 and 73% of the children in this age group were susceptible to the infection. A total of 213 individuals (30.6%) was seropositive for both viruses, 303 (43.5%) showed neutralizing antibodies (NtAb) to at least one of the two viruses. A total of 180 individuals (25.9%) revealed no antibodies. High CA16 and EV71 antibody titers were found especially in the age group of the 10- to 14-year-olds, without gender-specific difference. The seroprevalence study demonstrates a common spread of CA16 and EV71 in Germany, but a relatively high susceptibility of the younger population to CA16 and EV71. Obviously, the manifestation rate, i.e., distinct disease of these infections is low.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0300-8584</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1432-1831</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s00430-009-0133-6</identifier><identifier>PMID: 19941005</identifier><identifier>CODEN: MMIYAO</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Berlin/Heidelberg: Berlin/Heidelberg : Springer-Verlag</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Adult ; Age ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Antibodies ; Antibodies, Neutralizing - blood ; Antibodies, Viral - blood ; Biological and medical sciences ; Biomedical and Life Sciences ; Biomedicine ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Children ; Enterovirus ; Enterovirus - immunology ; Enterovirus A, Human - immunology ; Female ; Foot-and-mouth disease ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Germany - epidemiology ; Hand ; Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease - epidemiology ; Hospitals ; Humans ; Immunology ; Infant ; Infection ; Male ; Medical Microbiology ; Microbiology ; Middle Aged ; Miscellaneous ; Neurological diseases ; Original Investigation ; Picornaviridae ; Seroepidemiologic Studies ; Viral infections ; Virology ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>Medical microbiology and immunology, 2010-02, Vol.199 (1), p.45-51</ispartof><rights>Springer-Verlag 2009</rights><rights>2015 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Springer-Verlag 2010</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c565t-2001fc9a3e8b7617081c21a4b6e77430d7f75bb4d8afc5e42d8196a4f09e57f33</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c565t-2001fc9a3e8b7617081c21a4b6e77430d7f75bb4d8afc5e42d8196a4f09e57f33</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00430-009-0133-6$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00430-009-0133-6$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,778,782,27911,27912,41475,42544,51306</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=22788581$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19941005$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Rabenau, Holger F</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Richter, Matthias</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Doerr, Hans Wilhelm</creatorcontrib><title>Hand, foot and mouth disease: seroprevalence of Coxsackie A16 and Enterovirus 71 in Germany</title><title>Medical microbiology and immunology</title><addtitle>Med Microbiol Immunol</addtitle><addtitle>Med Microbiol Immunol</addtitle><description>Coxsackie A16 (CA16) and Enterovirus 71 (EV71) are members of the picornaviridae family and are associated with hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD), in rare cases also to acute neurological diseases. HFMD outbreaks have been reported from many parts of the world, especially Southeast Asia. The objective of the study was to analyze CA16 and EV71 seroepidemiologically in the population of Frankfurt/M., Germany. A total of 696 individuals (349 males and 347 females, divided into seven different age groups, 1-4, 5-9, 10-14, 15-19, 20-39, 40-59 and >60 years) were tested for serum antibodies against CA16 and EV71 by the use of a microneutralization test. Sera were collected at the Frankfurt university hospital from patients suffering from other diseases between March and September 2006. CA16 and EV71 infections were observed to be widely present in the population. The age-adjusted seroprevalence for individuals ≥1 year was found to be 62.9% for CA16 and 42.8% for EV71 without a gender-specific significant difference. Only 12.0 and 27.0% of the children aged 1-4 had antibodies to EV71 and CA16, respectively - indicating that 88 and 73% of the children in this age group were susceptible to the infection. A total of 213 individuals (30.6%) was seropositive for both viruses, 303 (43.5%) showed neutralizing antibodies (NtAb) to at least one of the two viruses. A total of 180 individuals (25.9%) revealed no antibodies. High CA16 and EV71 antibody titers were found especially in the age group of the 10- to 14-year-olds, without gender-specific difference. The seroprevalence study demonstrates a common spread of CA16 and EV71 in Germany, but a relatively high susceptibility of the younger population to CA16 and EV71. Obviously, the manifestation rate, i.e., distinct disease of these infections is low.</description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Age</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Aged, 80 and over</subject><subject>Antibodies</subject><subject>Antibodies, Neutralizing - blood</subject><subject>Antibodies, Viral - blood</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Biomedical and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Biomedicine</subject><subject>Child</subject><subject>Child, Preschool</subject><subject>Children</subject><subject>Enterovirus</subject><subject>Enterovirus - immunology</subject><subject>Enterovirus A, Human - immunology</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Foot-and-mouth disease</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Germany - epidemiology</subject><subject>Hand</subject><subject>Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease - epidemiology</subject><subject>Hospitals</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Immunology</subject><subject>Infant</subject><subject>Infection</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical Microbiology</subject><subject>Microbiology</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Miscellaneous</subject><subject>Neurological diseases</subject><subject>Original Investigation</subject><subject>Picornaviridae</subject><subject>Seroepidemiologic Studies</subject><subject>Viral infections</subject><subject>Virology</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><issn>0300-8584</issn><issn>1432-1831</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2010</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>8G5</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>GUQSH</sourceid><sourceid>M2O</sourceid><recordid>eNqFks1u1TAQhS0EoreFB2ADFhJiQ2D8E9thV12VFqkSC-iKheU4dklJ4ls7qejbd0quqMQCVrY03zmemWNCXjB4zwD0hwIgBVQATQVMiEo9IhsmBa-YEewx2YAAqExt5AE5LOUKgGnF4Sk5YE0j0aHekO9nbure0ZjSTPFGx7TMP2jXl-BK-EhLyGmXw40bwuQDTZFu06_i_M8-0GOmfktOphmpmz4vhWpG-4mehjy66fYZeRLdUMLz_XlELj6dfNueVedfTj9vj88rX6t6rjj2FX3jRDCtVkyDYZ4zJ1sVtMb5Oh113bayMy76OkjeGdYoJyM0odZRiCPydvXd5XS9hDLbsS8-DIObQlqK1bJWoE0D_yeF0KwWrEHy9V_kVVryhGNYzsEowN0ixFbI51RKDtHucj-6fGsZ2PuE7JqQxYTsfUJWoebl3nhpx9A9KPaRIPBmD7ji3RCzm3xf_nCca4ORMuT4yhUsTZchP3T4r9dfraLoknWXGY0vvnIs4tdopMIV3QE0I65w</recordid><startdate>20100201</startdate><enddate>20100201</enddate><creator>Rabenau, Holger F</creator><creator>Richter, Matthias</creator><creator>Doerr, Hans Wilhelm</creator><general>Berlin/Heidelberg : Springer-Verlag</general><general>Springer-Verlag</general><general>Springer</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8G5</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>GUQSH</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2O</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>MBDVC</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20100201</creationdate><title>Hand, foot and mouth disease: seroprevalence of Coxsackie A16 and Enterovirus 71 in Germany</title><author>Rabenau, Holger F ; Richter, Matthias ; Doerr, Hans Wilhelm</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c565t-2001fc9a3e8b7617081c21a4b6e77430d7f75bb4d8afc5e42d8196a4f09e57f33</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2010</creationdate><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Age</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Aged, 80 and over</topic><topic>Antibodies</topic><topic>Antibodies, Neutralizing - blood</topic><topic>Antibodies, Viral - blood</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Biomedical and Life Sciences</topic><topic>Biomedicine</topic><topic>Child</topic><topic>Child, Preschool</topic><topic>Children</topic><topic>Enterovirus</topic><topic>Enterovirus - immunology</topic><topic>Enterovirus A, Human - immunology</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Foot-and-mouth disease</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>Germany - epidemiology</topic><topic>Hand</topic><topic>Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease - epidemiology</topic><topic>Hospitals</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Immunology</topic><topic>Infant</topic><topic>Infection</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medical Microbiology</topic><topic>Microbiology</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Miscellaneous</topic><topic>Neurological diseases</topic><topic>Original Investigation</topic><topic>Picornaviridae</topic><topic>Seroepidemiologic Studies</topic><topic>Viral infections</topic><topic>Virology</topic><topic>Young Adult</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Rabenau, Holger F</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Richter, Matthias</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Doerr, Hans Wilhelm</creatorcontrib><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Research Library (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection (ProQuest)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>Research Library Prep</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Research Library</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>Research Library (Corporate)</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Medical microbiology and immunology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Rabenau, Holger F</au><au>Richter, Matthias</au><au>Doerr, Hans Wilhelm</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Hand, foot and mouth disease: seroprevalence of Coxsackie A16 and Enterovirus 71 in Germany</atitle><jtitle>Medical microbiology and immunology</jtitle><stitle>Med Microbiol Immunol</stitle><addtitle>Med Microbiol Immunol</addtitle><date>2010-02-01</date><risdate>2010</risdate><volume>199</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>45</spage><epage>51</epage><pages>45-51</pages><issn>0300-8584</issn><eissn>1432-1831</eissn><coden>MMIYAO</coden><abstract>Coxsackie A16 (CA16) and Enterovirus 71 (EV71) are members of the picornaviridae family and are associated with hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD), in rare cases also to acute neurological diseases. HFMD outbreaks have been reported from many parts of the world, especially Southeast Asia. The objective of the study was to analyze CA16 and EV71 seroepidemiologically in the population of Frankfurt/M., Germany. A total of 696 individuals (349 males and 347 females, divided into seven different age groups, 1-4, 5-9, 10-14, 15-19, 20-39, 40-59 and >60 years) were tested for serum antibodies against CA16 and EV71 by the use of a microneutralization test. Sera were collected at the Frankfurt university hospital from patients suffering from other diseases between March and September 2006. CA16 and EV71 infections were observed to be widely present in the population. The age-adjusted seroprevalence for individuals ≥1 year was found to be 62.9% for CA16 and 42.8% for EV71 without a gender-specific significant difference. Only 12.0 and 27.0% of the children aged 1-4 had antibodies to EV71 and CA16, respectively - indicating that 88 and 73% of the children in this age group were susceptible to the infection. A total of 213 individuals (30.6%) was seropositive for both viruses, 303 (43.5%) showed neutralizing antibodies (NtAb) to at least one of the two viruses. A total of 180 individuals (25.9%) revealed no antibodies. High CA16 and EV71 antibody titers were found especially in the age group of the 10- to 14-year-olds, without gender-specific difference. The seroprevalence study demonstrates a common spread of CA16 and EV71 in Germany, but a relatively high susceptibility of the younger population to CA16 and EV71. Obviously, the manifestation rate, i.e., distinct disease of these infections is low.</abstract><cop>Berlin/Heidelberg</cop><pub>Berlin/Heidelberg : Springer-Verlag</pub><pmid>19941005</pmid><doi>10.1007/s00430-009-0133-6</doi><tpages>7</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0300-8584 |
| ispartof | Medical microbiology and immunology, 2010-02, Vol.199 (1), p.45-51 |
| issn | 0300-8584 1432-1831 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_745607890 |
| source | MEDLINE; SpringerLink Journals - AutoHoldings |
| subjects | Adolescent Adult Age Aged Aged, 80 and over Antibodies Antibodies, Neutralizing - blood Antibodies, Viral - blood Biological and medical sciences Biomedical and Life Sciences Biomedicine Child Child, Preschool Children Enterovirus Enterovirus - immunology Enterovirus A, Human - immunology Female Foot-and-mouth disease Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Germany - epidemiology Hand Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease - epidemiology Hospitals Humans Immunology Infant Infection Male Medical Microbiology Microbiology Middle Aged Miscellaneous Neurological diseases Original Investigation Picornaviridae Seroepidemiologic Studies Viral infections Virology Young Adult |
| title | Hand, foot and mouth disease: seroprevalence of Coxsackie A16 and Enterovirus 71 in Germany |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-15T12%3A41%3A57IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_cross&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Hand,%20foot%20and%20mouth%20disease:%20seroprevalence%20of%20Coxsackie%20A16%20and%20Enterovirus%2071%20in%20Germany&rft.jtitle=Medical%20microbiology%20and%20immunology&rft.au=Rabenau,%20Holger%20F&rft.date=2010-02-01&rft.volume=199&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=45&rft.epage=51&rft.pages=45-51&rft.issn=0300-8584&rft.eissn=1432-1831&rft.coden=MMIYAO&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007/s00430-009-0133-6&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_cross%3E1941601811%3C/proquest_cross%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=220860030&rft_id=info:pmid/19941005&rfr_iscdi=true |