Vegetation-induced warming of high-latitude regions during the Late Cretaceous period
Modelling studies of pre-Quaternary (>2 million years ago) climate implicate atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations 1 , land elevation 2 and land–sea distribution 3–5 as important factors influencing global climate change over geological timescales. But during times of global warmth, such as t...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Nature (London) 1997-02, Vol.385 (6619), p.804-807 |
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| creator | Otto-Bliesner, Bette L Upchurch, Garland R |
| description | Modelling studies of pre-Quaternary (>2 million years ago) climate implicate atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations
1
, land elevation
2
and land–sea distribution
3–5
as important factors influencing global climate change over geological timescales. But during times of global warmth, such as the Cretaceous period and Eocene epoch, there are large discrepancies between model simulations of high-latitude and continental-interior temperatures and those indicated by palaeotemperature records
6,7
. Here we use a global climate model for the latest Cretaceous (66 million years ago) to examine the role played by high- and middle-latitude forests in surface temperature regulation. In our simulations, this forest vegetation warms the global climate by 2.2 °C. The low-albedo deciduous forests cause high-latitude land areas to warm, which then transfer more heat to adjacent oceans, thus delaying sea-ice formation and increasing winter temperatures over coastal land. Overall, the inclusion of some of the physical and physiological climate feedback effects of high-latitude forest vegetation in our simulations reduces the existing discrepancies between observed and modelled climates of the latest Cretaceous, suggesting that these forests may have made an important contribution to climate regulation during periods of global warmth. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1038/385804a0 |
| format | Article |
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1
, land elevation
2
and land–sea distribution
3–5
as important factors influencing global climate change over geological timescales. But during times of global warmth, such as the Cretaceous period and Eocene epoch, there are large discrepancies between model simulations of high-latitude and continental-interior temperatures and those indicated by palaeotemperature records
6,7
. Here we use a global climate model for the latest Cretaceous (66 million years ago) to examine the role played by high- and middle-latitude forests in surface temperature regulation. In our simulations, this forest vegetation warms the global climate by 2.2 °C. The low-albedo deciduous forests cause high-latitude land areas to warm, which then transfer more heat to adjacent oceans, thus delaying sea-ice formation and increasing winter temperatures over coastal land. Overall, the inclusion of some of the physical and physiological climate feedback effects of high-latitude forest vegetation in our simulations reduces the existing discrepancies between observed and modelled climates of the latest Cretaceous, suggesting that these forests may have made an important contribution to climate regulation during periods of global warmth.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0028-0836</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1476-4687</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1038/385804a0</identifier><identifier>CODEN: NATUAS</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>London: Nature Publishing Group UK</publisher><subject>Climate ; Climate models ; Cretaceous ; Earth sciences ; Earth, ocean, space ; Exact sciences and technology ; Forests ; Geological time ; Global climate ; Humanities and Social Sciences ; Latitude ; letter ; multidisciplinary ; Science ; Science (multidisciplinary) ; Simulation ; Stratigraphy ; Surface temperature ; Temperature</subject><ispartof>Nature (London), 1997-02, Vol.385 (6619), p.804-807</ispartof><rights>Springer Nature Limited 1997</rights><rights>1997 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright Macmillan Journals Ltd. Feb 27, 1997</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-a552t-fe97a52b468080d05c2e19efd80259164d63bb1c62708007455daffa163de06f3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-a552t-fe97a52b468080d05c2e19efd80259164d63bb1c62708007455daffa163de06f3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,2727,27924,27925</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=2585909$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Otto-Bliesner, Bette L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Upchurch, Garland R</creatorcontrib><title>Vegetation-induced warming of high-latitude regions during the Late Cretaceous period</title><title>Nature (London)</title><addtitle>Nature</addtitle><description>Modelling studies of pre-Quaternary (>2 million years ago) climate implicate atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations
1
, land elevation
2
and land–sea distribution
3–5
as important factors influencing global climate change over geological timescales. But during times of global warmth, such as the Cretaceous period and Eocene epoch, there are large discrepancies between model simulations of high-latitude and continental-interior temperatures and those indicated by palaeotemperature records
6,7
. Here we use a global climate model for the latest Cretaceous (66 million years ago) to examine the role played by high- and middle-latitude forests in surface temperature regulation. In our simulations, this forest vegetation warms the global climate by 2.2 °C. The low-albedo deciduous forests cause high-latitude land areas to warm, which then transfer more heat to adjacent oceans, thus delaying sea-ice formation and increasing winter temperatures over coastal land. Overall, the inclusion of some of the physical and physiological climate feedback effects of high-latitude forest vegetation in our simulations reduces the existing discrepancies between observed and modelled climates of the latest Cretaceous, suggesting that these forests may have made an important contribution to climate regulation during periods of global warmth.</description><subject>Climate</subject><subject>Climate models</subject><subject>Cretaceous</subject><subject>Earth sciences</subject><subject>Earth, ocean, space</subject><subject>Exact sciences and technology</subject><subject>Forests</subject><subject>Geological time</subject><subject>Global climate</subject><subject>Humanities and Social Sciences</subject><subject>Latitude</subject><subject>letter</subject><subject>multidisciplinary</subject><subject>Science</subject><subject>Science (multidisciplinary)</subject><subject>Simulation</subject><subject>Stratigraphy</subject><subject>Surface 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pre-Quaternary (>2 million years ago) climate implicate atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations
1
, land elevation
2
and land–sea distribution
3–5
as important factors influencing global climate change over geological timescales. But during times of global warmth, such as the Cretaceous period and Eocene epoch, there are large discrepancies between model simulations of high-latitude and continental-interior temperatures and those indicated by palaeotemperature records
6,7
. Here we use a global climate model for the latest Cretaceous (66 million years ago) to examine the role played by high- and middle-latitude forests in surface temperature regulation. In our simulations, this forest vegetation warms the global climate by 2.2 °C. The low-albedo deciduous forests cause high-latitude land areas to warm, which then transfer more heat to adjacent oceans, thus delaying sea-ice formation and increasing winter temperatures over coastal land. Overall, the inclusion of some of the physical and physiological climate feedback effects of high-latitude forest vegetation in our simulations reduces the existing discrepancies between observed and modelled climates of the latest Cretaceous, suggesting that these forests may have made an important contribution to climate regulation during periods of global warmth.</abstract><cop>London</cop><pub>Nature Publishing Group UK</pub><doi>10.1038/385804a0</doi><tpages>4</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Nature (London), 1997-02, Vol.385 (6619), p.804-807 |
| issn | 0028-0836 1476-4687 |
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| source | Nature Publishing Group; Alma/SFX Local Collection |
| subjects | Climate Climate models Cretaceous Earth sciences Earth, ocean, space Exact sciences and technology Forests Geological time Global climate Humanities and Social Sciences Latitude letter multidisciplinary Science Science (multidisciplinary) Simulation Stratigraphy Surface temperature Temperature |
| title | Vegetation-induced warming of high-latitude regions during the Late Cretaceous period |
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