Superconductivity in diamond
Diamond is an electrical insulator well known for its exceptional hardness. It also conducts heat even more effectively than copper, and can withstand very high electric fields 1 . With these physical properties, diamond is attractive for electronic applications 2 , particularly when charge carriers...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Nature (London) 2004-04, Vol.428 (6982), p.542-545 |
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| creator | Ekimov, E. A. Sidorov, V. A. Bauer, E. D. Mel'nik, N. N. Curro, N. J. Thompson, J. D. Stishov, S. M. |
| description | Diamond is an electrical insulator well known for its exceptional hardness. It also conducts heat even more effectively than copper, and can withstand very high electric fields
1
. With these physical properties, diamond is attractive for electronic applications
2
, particularly when charge carriers are introduced (by chemical doping) into the system. Boron has one less electron than carbon and, because of its small atomic radius, boron is relatively easily incorporated into diamond
3
; as boron acts as a charge acceptor, the resulting diamond is effectively hole-doped. Here we report the discovery of superconductivity in boron-doped diamond synthesized at high pressure (nearly 100,000 atmospheres) and temperature (2,500–2,800 K). Electrical resistivity, magnetic susceptibility, specific heat and field-dependent resistance measurements show that boron-doped diamond is a bulk, type-II superconductor below the superconducting transition temperature
T
c
≈ 4 K; superconductivity survives in a magnetic field up to
H
c2
(0) ≥ 3.5 T. The discovery of superconductivity in diamond-structured carbon suggests that Si and Ge, which also form in the diamond structure, may similarly exhibit superconductivity under the appropriate conditions. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1038/nature02449 |
| format | Article |
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1
. With these physical properties, diamond is attractive for electronic applications
2
, particularly when charge carriers are introduced (by chemical doping) into the system. Boron has one less electron than carbon and, because of its small atomic radius, boron is relatively easily incorporated into diamond
3
; as boron acts as a charge acceptor, the resulting diamond is effectively hole-doped. Here we report the discovery of superconductivity in boron-doped diamond synthesized at high pressure (nearly 100,000 atmospheres) and temperature (2,500–2,800 K). Electrical resistivity, magnetic susceptibility, specific heat and field-dependent resistance measurements show that boron-doped diamond is a bulk, type-II superconductor below the superconducting transition temperature
T
c
≈ 4 K; superconductivity survives in a magnetic field up to
H
c2
(0) ≥ 3.5 T. The discovery of superconductivity in diamond-structured carbon suggests that Si and Ge, which also form in the diamond structure, may similarly exhibit superconductivity under the appropriate conditions.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0028-0836</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1476-4687</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1038/nature02449</identifier><identifier>PMID: 15057827</identifier><identifier>CODEN: NATUAS</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>London: Nature Publishing Group UK</publisher><subject>Boron ; Diamonds ; Electrical resistivity ; Electronics industry ; Experiments ; High pressure ; Humanities and Social Sciences ; letter ; Magnetic fields ; multidisciplinary ; Physical properties ; Science ; Science (multidisciplinary) ; Specific heat ; Superconductivity ; Transition temperatures</subject><ispartof>Nature (London), 2004-04, Vol.428 (6982), p.542-545</ispartof><rights>Macmillan Magazines Ltd. 2004</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2004 Nature Publishing Group</rights><rights>Copyright Macmillan Journals Ltd. Apr 1, 2004</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-a615t-914df22b26693b5fd5b94dc2e365ef9eb4ba0ad33838b5f0ec51ba2c9e927e6f3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-a615t-914df22b26693b5fd5b94dc2e365ef9eb4ba0ad33838b5f0ec51ba2c9e927e6f3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1038/nature02449$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1038/nature02449$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27901,27902,41464,42533,51294</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15057827$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Ekimov, E. A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sidorov, V. A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bauer, E. D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mel'nik, N. N.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Curro, N. J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Thompson, J. D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stishov, S. M.</creatorcontrib><title>Superconductivity in diamond</title><title>Nature (London)</title><addtitle>Nature</addtitle><addtitle>Nature</addtitle><description>Diamond is an electrical insulator well known for its exceptional hardness. It also conducts heat even more effectively than copper, and can withstand very high electric fields
1
. With these physical properties, diamond is attractive for electronic applications
2
, particularly when charge carriers are introduced (by chemical doping) into the system. Boron has one less electron than carbon and, because of its small atomic radius, boron is relatively easily incorporated into diamond
3
; as boron acts as a charge acceptor, the resulting diamond is effectively hole-doped. Here we report the discovery of superconductivity in boron-doped diamond synthesized at high pressure (nearly 100,000 atmospheres) and temperature (2,500–2,800 K). Electrical resistivity, magnetic susceptibility, specific heat and field-dependent resistance measurements show that boron-doped diamond is a bulk, type-II superconductor below the superconducting transition temperature
T
c
≈ 4 K; superconductivity survives in a magnetic field up to
H
c2
(0) ≥ 3.5 T. The discovery of superconductivity in diamond-structured carbon suggests that Si and Ge, which also form in the diamond structure, may similarly exhibit superconductivity under the appropriate conditions.</description><subject>Boron</subject><subject>Diamonds</subject><subject>Electrical resistivity</subject><subject>Electronics industry</subject><subject>Experiments</subject><subject>High pressure</subject><subject>Humanities and Social Sciences</subject><subject>letter</subject><subject>Magnetic fields</subject><subject>multidisciplinary</subject><subject>Physical properties</subject><subject>Science</subject><subject>Science (multidisciplinary)</subject><subject>Specific heat</subject><subject>Superconductivity</subject><subject>Transition temperatures</subject><issn>0028-0836</issn><issn>1476-4687</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2004</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>8G5</sourceid><sourceid>BEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>GUQSH</sourceid><sourceid>M2O</sourceid><recordid>eNp90s9LHDEUB_AgFl1tT70WkR5aih2b38kcl6X-AGmhKj2GTObNEpnJrMlMqf-9kV1YV1bJIfDeJ1_I4yH0keBTgpn-EewwRsCU83IHTQhXsuBSq100wZjqAmsm99FBSncYY0EU30P7RGChNFUT9Ol6XEB0fahHN_h_fng49uG49rbLpffoXWPbBB9W9yG6Pft5M7sorn6fX86mV4WVRAxFSXjdUFpRKUtWiaYWVclrR4FJAU0JFa8stjVjmuncxuAEqSx1JZRUgWzYIfq6zF3E_n6ENJjOJwdtawP0YzKKMy6FLnWWX96WROVMLjL8_ALe9WMM-ReG4tyXVD6hYonmtgXjQ9MP0bo5BIi27QM0PpenREumCCF6Hbrh3cLfm-fodAvKp4bOu62p3zYeZDPA_2Fux5TM5fWfTXvyup3e_J392qpd7FOK0JhF9J2ND4Zg87Q75tnuZH20GtlYdVCv7WpZMvi-BCm3whzieqbb8h4BskLJig</recordid><startdate>20040401</startdate><enddate>20040401</enddate><creator>Ekimov, E. 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A.</au><au>Sidorov, V. A.</au><au>Bauer, E. D.</au><au>Mel'nik, N. N.</au><au>Curro, N. J.</au><au>Thompson, J. D.</au><au>Stishov, S. M.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Superconductivity in diamond</atitle><jtitle>Nature (London)</jtitle><stitle>Nature</stitle><addtitle>Nature</addtitle><date>2004-04-01</date><risdate>2004</risdate><volume>428</volume><issue>6982</issue><spage>542</spage><epage>545</epage><pages>542-545</pages><issn>0028-0836</issn><eissn>1476-4687</eissn><coden>NATUAS</coden><abstract>Diamond is an electrical insulator well known for its exceptional hardness. It also conducts heat even more effectively than copper, and can withstand very high electric fields
1
. With these physical properties, diamond is attractive for electronic applications
2
, particularly when charge carriers are introduced (by chemical doping) into the system. Boron has one less electron than carbon and, because of its small atomic radius, boron is relatively easily incorporated into diamond
3
; as boron acts as a charge acceptor, the resulting diamond is effectively hole-doped. Here we report the discovery of superconductivity in boron-doped diamond synthesized at high pressure (nearly 100,000 atmospheres) and temperature (2,500–2,800 K). Electrical resistivity, magnetic susceptibility, specific heat and field-dependent resistance measurements show that boron-doped diamond is a bulk, type-II superconductor below the superconducting transition temperature
T
c
≈ 4 K; superconductivity survives in a magnetic field up to
H
c2
(0) ≥ 3.5 T. The discovery of superconductivity in diamond-structured carbon suggests that Si and Ge, which also form in the diamond structure, may similarly exhibit superconductivity under the appropriate conditions.</abstract><cop>London</cop><pub>Nature Publishing Group UK</pub><pmid>15057827</pmid><doi>10.1038/nature02449</doi><tpages>4</tpages></addata></record> |
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| identifier | ISSN: 0028-0836 |
| ispartof | Nature (London), 2004-04, Vol.428 (6982), p.542-545 |
| issn | 0028-0836 1476-4687 |
| language | eng |
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| source | SpringerLink Journals (MCLS); Nature |
| subjects | Boron Diamonds Electrical resistivity Electronics industry Experiments High pressure Humanities and Social Sciences letter Magnetic fields multidisciplinary Physical properties Science Science (multidisciplinary) Specific heat Superconductivity Transition temperatures |
| title | Superconductivity in diamond |
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