Specific conductance and ionic characteristics of farm canals in the Everglades Agricultural Area
Specific conductance in farm canals of the Everglades Agricultural Area (EAA) in south Florida is an important water quality parameter that was categorized as a parameter of concern according to an observed frequency of >5% excursions over the Class III water quality criterion and needed to be ad...
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description | Specific conductance in farm canals of the Everglades Agricultural Area (EAA) in south Florida is an important water quality parameter that was categorized as a parameter of concern according to an observed frequency of >5% excursions over the Class III water quality criterion and needed to be addressed as a part of the Everglades Regulatory Program. This study was conducted to evaluate specific conductance in farm canals of the EAA. Specific conductance was monitored at 10 representative farms (a total of 12 pump stations) in the EAA using multi-parameter water quality data loggers, for periods ranging from 24 to 83 mo. Cation and anion concentrations were also determined. Nonparametric Mann-Kendall trend analyses and Sen's slope analysis of specific conductance were conducted to determine specific conductance trends. Mean specific conductance ranged from 0.74 to 1.68 dS m(-1) and only 2 of the 10 farms were above the State Class III water quality criterion of 1.275 dS m(-1). Statistically significant downward trends were observed at 3 of the 10 farms. Determination of ion compositions in grab samples at 8 of the 10 farms indicated that the major ions contributing to the increase in specific conductance in the EAA were Cl(-), HCO3(-), and Na(+). Mean Na/Cl ratios in most of the EAA canals ranged from 0.57 to 0.78, whereas those of SO4/Cl ranged from 0.46 to 0.98. Investigation of historical data and literature indicates that elevated specific conductance in parts of the EAA is a natural phenomenon due to entrapment of connate seawater in the Everglades formation. Sulfur contributes minor increases in specific conductance in the EAA with probable sources from organic soil mineralization, ground water, Lake Okeechobee, and S fertilizers. |
doi_str_mv | 10.2134/jeq2005.0079 |
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This study was conducted to evaluate specific conductance in farm canals of the EAA. Specific conductance was monitored at 10 representative farms (a total of 12 pump stations) in the EAA using multi-parameter water quality data loggers, for periods ranging from 24 to 83 mo. Cation and anion concentrations were also determined. Nonparametric Mann-Kendall trend analyses and Sen's slope analysis of specific conductance were conducted to determine specific conductance trends. Mean specific conductance ranged from 0.74 to 1.68 dS m(-1) and only 2 of the 10 farms were above the State Class III water quality criterion of 1.275 dS m(-1). Statistically significant downward trends were observed at 3 of the 10 farms. Determination of ion compositions in grab samples at 8 of the 10 farms indicated that the major ions contributing to the increase in specific conductance in the EAA were Cl(-), HCO3(-), and Na(+). Mean Na/Cl ratios in most of the EAA canals ranged from 0.57 to 0.78, whereas those of SO4/Cl ranged from 0.46 to 0.98. Investigation of historical data and literature indicates that elevated specific conductance in parts of the EAA is a natural phenomenon due to entrapment of connate seawater in the Everglades formation. Sulfur contributes minor increases in specific conductance in the EAA with probable sources from organic soil mineralization, ground water, Lake Okeechobee, and S fertilizers.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0047-2425</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1537-2537</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.2134/jeq2005.0079</identifier><identifier>PMID: 16391285</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JEVQAA</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Madison: American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, Soil Science Society</publisher><subject>agricultural land ; Agriculture ; Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions ; Anions ; Applied sciences ; best management practices ; Biological and medical sciences ; Canals ; Cations ; Chemical analysis ; Conductance ; Criteria ; drainage channels ; Earth sciences ; Earth, ocean, space ; Electric Conductivity ; electrical conductivity ; Elevated ; Engineering and environment geology. Geothermics ; Exact sciences and technology ; Farming ; Farms ; Fertilizers ; Florida ; Freshwater ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; geographical distribution ; Grabs ; Ions ; Lakes ; Mineralization ; Organic soils ; Pollution ; Pollution, environment geology ; Samples ; Sea water ; Seawater ; Statistical analysis ; Statistical methods ; Sulfur ; time series analysis ; Trend analysis ; Trends ; Water - chemistry ; Water analysis ; Water quality</subject><ispartof>Journal of environmental quality, 2006-01, Vol.35 (1), p.141-150</ispartof><rights>ASA, CSSA, SSSA</rights><rights>2006 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright American Society of Agronomy Jan/Feb 2006</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5469-4af8acd95b25d25cd357cfacdbb112b7cb252711086cd09cfcff7705b28bebe23</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5469-4af8acd95b25d25cd357cfacdbb112b7cb252711086cd09cfcff7705b28bebe23</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.2134%2Fjeq2005.0079$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.2134%2Fjeq2005.0079$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>315,782,786,1419,27931,27932,45581,45582</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=17474507$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16391285$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Chen, M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Daroub, S.H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lang, T.A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Diaz, O.A</creatorcontrib><title>Specific conductance and ionic characteristics of farm canals in the Everglades Agricultural Area</title><title>Journal of environmental quality</title><addtitle>J Environ Qual</addtitle><description>Specific conductance in farm canals of the Everglades Agricultural Area (EAA) in south Florida is an important water quality parameter that was categorized as a parameter of concern according to an observed frequency of >5% excursions over the Class III water quality criterion and needed to be addressed as a part of the Everglades Regulatory Program. This study was conducted to evaluate specific conductance in farm canals of the EAA. Specific conductance was monitored at 10 representative farms (a total of 12 pump stations) in the EAA using multi-parameter water quality data loggers, for periods ranging from 24 to 83 mo. Cation and anion concentrations were also determined. Nonparametric Mann-Kendall trend analyses and Sen's slope analysis of specific conductance were conducted to determine specific conductance trends. Mean specific conductance ranged from 0.74 to 1.68 dS m(-1) and only 2 of the 10 farms were above the State Class III water quality criterion of 1.275 dS m(-1). Statistically significant downward trends were observed at 3 of the 10 farms. Determination of ion compositions in grab samples at 8 of the 10 farms indicated that the major ions contributing to the increase in specific conductance in the EAA were Cl(-), HCO3(-), and Na(+). Mean Na/Cl ratios in most of the EAA canals ranged from 0.57 to 0.78, whereas those of SO4/Cl ranged from 0.46 to 0.98. Investigation of historical data and literature indicates that elevated specific conductance in parts of the EAA is a natural phenomenon due to entrapment of connate seawater in the Everglades formation. Sulfur contributes minor increases in specific conductance in the EAA with probable sources from organic soil mineralization, ground water, Lake Okeechobee, and S fertilizers.</description><subject>agricultural land</subject><subject>Agriculture</subject><subject>Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions</subject><subject>Anions</subject><subject>Applied sciences</subject><subject>best management practices</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Canals</subject><subject>Cations</subject><subject>Chemical analysis</subject><subject>Conductance</subject><subject>Criteria</subject><subject>drainage channels</subject><subject>Earth sciences</subject><subject>Earth, ocean, space</subject><subject>Electric Conductivity</subject><subject>electrical conductivity</subject><subject>Elevated</subject><subject>Engineering and environment geology. Geothermics</subject><subject>Exact sciences and technology</subject><subject>Farming</subject><subject>Farms</subject><subject>Fertilizers</subject><subject>Florida</subject><subject>Freshwater</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>geographical distribution</subject><subject>Grabs</subject><subject>Ions</subject><subject>Lakes</subject><subject>Mineralization</subject><subject>Organic soils</subject><subject>Pollution</subject><subject>Pollution, environment geology</subject><subject>Samples</subject><subject>Sea water</subject><subject>Seawater</subject><subject>Statistical analysis</subject><subject>Statistical methods</subject><subject>Sulfur</subject><subject>time series analysis</subject><subject>Trend analysis</subject><subject>Trends</subject><subject>Water - chemistry</subject><subject>Water analysis</subject><subject>Water quality</subject><issn>0047-2425</issn><issn>1537-2537</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2006</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>8G5</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>GUQSH</sourceid><sourceid>M2O</sourceid><recordid>eNqF0ktr3DAQAGBRWprNtreeW1Foe8mmo5dlH5ewTRsCpaQ5C3ksJVq89kayW_LvI7OGQA7JQQ-GTyMxI0I-MDjlTMjvW3fHAdQpgK5ekQVTQq94nl6TBYDMe8nVETlOaQvAOOjiLTlihagYL9WC2Ku9w-ADUuy7ZsTBduio7Roa-m6K3tpocXAxpCFgor2n3sYdRdvZNtHQ0eHW0c0_F29a27hE1zcx4NgOY7QtXUdn35E3PlP3fl6X5PrH5u_Zz9Xl7_NfZ-vLFSpZVCtpfWmxqVTNVcMVNkJp9DlS14zxWmOOc80YlAU2UKFH77WGzMva1Y6LJfl2yLuP_d3o0mB2IaFrW9u5fkxGSyELznLNluTrs7LQBQgpihdhzqU5KPEiZBoKxUrI8PMTuO3HOJXSsEoLrQWf0MkBYexTis6bfQw7G-8Ng-lOaeaem6nnmX-cc471zjWPeG5yBl9mYBPa1sfc45AenZZaKtDZVQf3P7Tu_tlLzcXmD59GDsyP-HQ4621vbP4DyVxfcWACWC6QYpV4AKQvzbo</recordid><startdate>200601</startdate><enddate>200601</enddate><creator>Chen, M</creator><creator>Daroub, S.H</creator><creator>Lang, T.A</creator><creator>Diaz, O.A</creator><general>American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, Soil Science Society</general><general>Crop Science Society of America</general><general>American Society of Agronomy</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>88I</scope><scope>8AF</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8G5</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>GUQSH</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2O</scope><scope>M2P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>MBDVC</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>S0X</scope><scope>SOI</scope><scope>7TV</scope><scope>7U6</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>H96</scope><scope>H97</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>7SU</scope><scope>KR7</scope></search><sort><creationdate>200601</creationdate><title>Specific conductance and ionic characteristics of farm canals in the Everglades Agricultural Area</title><author>Chen, M ; Daroub, S.H ; Lang, T.A ; Diaz, O.A</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c5469-4af8acd95b25d25cd357cfacdbb112b7cb252711086cd09cfcff7705b28bebe23</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2006</creationdate><topic>agricultural land</topic><topic>Agriculture</topic><topic>Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions</topic><topic>Anions</topic><topic>Applied sciences</topic><topic>best management practices</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Canals</topic><topic>Cations</topic><topic>Chemical analysis</topic><topic>Conductance</topic><topic>Criteria</topic><topic>drainage channels</topic><topic>Earth sciences</topic><topic>Earth, ocean, space</topic><topic>Electric Conductivity</topic><topic>electrical conductivity</topic><topic>Elevated</topic><topic>Engineering and environment geology. Geothermics</topic><topic>Exact sciences and technology</topic><topic>Farming</topic><topic>Farms</topic><topic>Fertilizers</topic><topic>Florida</topic><topic>Freshwater</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>geographical distribution</topic><topic>Grabs</topic><topic>Ions</topic><topic>Lakes</topic><topic>Mineralization</topic><topic>Organic soils</topic><topic>Pollution</topic><topic>Pollution, environment geology</topic><topic>Samples</topic><topic>Sea water</topic><topic>Seawater</topic><topic>Statistical analysis</topic><topic>Statistical methods</topic><topic>Sulfur</topic><topic>time series analysis</topic><topic>Trend analysis</topic><topic>Trends</topic><topic>Water - chemistry</topic><topic>Water analysis</topic><topic>Water quality</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Chen, M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Daroub, S.H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lang, T.A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Diaz, O.A</creatorcontrib><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Science Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>STEM Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Research Library (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Materials Science & Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>eLibrary</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>Research Library Prep</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts - 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This study was conducted to evaluate specific conductance in farm canals of the EAA. Specific conductance was monitored at 10 representative farms (a total of 12 pump stations) in the EAA using multi-parameter water quality data loggers, for periods ranging from 24 to 83 mo. Cation and anion concentrations were also determined. Nonparametric Mann-Kendall trend analyses and Sen's slope analysis of specific conductance were conducted to determine specific conductance trends. Mean specific conductance ranged from 0.74 to 1.68 dS m(-1) and only 2 of the 10 farms were above the State Class III water quality criterion of 1.275 dS m(-1). Statistically significant downward trends were observed at 3 of the 10 farms. Determination of ion compositions in grab samples at 8 of the 10 farms indicated that the major ions contributing to the increase in specific conductance in the EAA were Cl(-), HCO3(-), and Na(+). Mean Na/Cl ratios in most of the EAA canals ranged from 0.57 to 0.78, whereas those of SO4/Cl ranged from 0.46 to 0.98. Investigation of historical data and literature indicates that elevated specific conductance in parts of the EAA is a natural phenomenon due to entrapment of connate seawater in the Everglades formation. Sulfur contributes minor increases in specific conductance in the EAA with probable sources from organic soil mineralization, ground water, Lake Okeechobee, and S fertilizers.</abstract><cop>Madison</cop><pub>American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, Soil Science Society</pub><pmid>16391285</pmid><doi>10.2134/jeq2005.0079</doi><tpages>10</tpages></addata></record> |
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subjects | agricultural land Agriculture Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions Anions Applied sciences best management practices Biological and medical sciences Canals Cations Chemical analysis Conductance Criteria drainage channels Earth sciences Earth, ocean, space Electric Conductivity electrical conductivity Elevated Engineering and environment geology. Geothermics Exact sciences and technology Farming Farms Fertilizers Florida Freshwater Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology geographical distribution Grabs Ions Lakes Mineralization Organic soils Pollution Pollution, environment geology Samples Sea water Seawater Statistical analysis Statistical methods Sulfur time series analysis Trend analysis Trends Water - chemistry Water analysis Water quality |
title | Specific conductance and ionic characteristics of farm canals in the Everglades Agricultural Area |
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