Organic and Biodynamic Management Effects on Soil Biology
Biodynamic agriculture is a unique organic farming system that utilizes, in addition to the common tools of organic agriculture, specific fermented herbal preparations as compost additives and field sprays. The objective of this work was to determine whether biodynamic compost or field spray prepara...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Soil Science Society of America journal 2000-09, Vol.64 (5), p.1651-1659 |
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description | Biodynamic agriculture is a unique organic farming system that utilizes, in addition to the common tools of organic agriculture, specific fermented herbal preparations as compost additives and field sprays. The objective of this work was to determine whether biodynamic compost or field spray preparations affect the soil biological community in the short term, beyond the effects of organic management. Four fertilizer options: (i) composted dairy manure and bedding (organic fertilization), (ii) the same material composted with biodynamic compost preparations, (iii) mineral fertilizers, and (iv) no fertilizer were investigated with and without the biodynamic field spray preparations. Both biodynamic and nonbiodynamic composts increased soil microbial biomass, respiration, dehydrogenase activity, soil C mineralized in 10 d (MinC), earthworm (Lumbricus terrestris) population and biomass, and metabolic quotient of respiration per unit biomass (qCO2) by the second year of study. No significant differences were found between soils fertilized with biodynamic vs. nonbiodynamic compost. Use of biodynamic field sprays was associated with more MinC and minor differences in soil microbial fatty acid profiles in the first year of study. There were no other observed effects of the biodynamic preparations. Organically and biodynamically managed soils had similar microbial status and were more biotically active than soils that did not receive organic fertilization. Organic management enhanced soil biological activity, but additional use of the biodynamic preparations did not significantly affect the soil biotic parameters tested. |
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C. ; Reganold, J. P.</creator><creatorcontrib>Carpenter-Boggs, L. ; Kennedy, A. C. ; Reganold, J. P.</creatorcontrib><description>Biodynamic agriculture is a unique organic farming system that utilizes, in addition to the common tools of organic agriculture, specific fermented herbal preparations as compost additives and field sprays. The objective of this work was to determine whether biodynamic compost or field spray preparations affect the soil biological community in the short term, beyond the effects of organic management. Four fertilizer options: (i) composted dairy manure and bedding (organic fertilization), (ii) the same material composted with biodynamic compost preparations, (iii) mineral fertilizers, and (iv) no fertilizer were investigated with and without the biodynamic field spray preparations. Both biodynamic and nonbiodynamic composts increased soil microbial biomass, respiration, dehydrogenase activity, soil C mineralized in 10 d (MinC), earthworm (Lumbricus terrestris) population and biomass, and metabolic quotient of respiration per unit biomass (qCO2) by the second year of study. No significant differences were found between soils fertilized with biodynamic vs. nonbiodynamic compost. Use of biodynamic field sprays was associated with more MinC and minor differences in soil microbial fatty acid profiles in the first year of study. There were no other observed effects of the biodynamic preparations. Organically and biodynamically managed soils had similar microbial status and were more biotically active than soils that did not receive organic fertilization. Organic management enhanced soil biological activity, but additional use of the biodynamic preparations did not significantly affect the soil biotic parameters tested.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0361-5995</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1435-0661</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.2136/sssaj2000.6451651x</identifier><identifier>CODEN: SSSJD4</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Madison: Soil Science Society</publisher><subject>Agriculture ; Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions ; Biochemistry and biology ; Biological and medical sciences ; Biology ; Biomass ; Chemical, physicochemical, biochemical and biological properties ; Composting ; Enzyme kinetics ; Fatty acids ; Fertilizers ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; General agronomy. Plant production ; Generalities ; Organic chemistry ; Other nutrients. Amendments. Solid and liquid wastes. Sludges and slurries ; Physics, chemistry, biochemistry and biology of agricultural and forest soils ; Soil biology ; Soil science ; Soil-plant relationships. Soil fertility. Fertilization. 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C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Reganold, J. P.</creatorcontrib><title>Organic and Biodynamic Management Effects on Soil Biology</title><title>Soil Science Society of America journal</title><description>Biodynamic agriculture is a unique organic farming system that utilizes, in addition to the common tools of organic agriculture, specific fermented herbal preparations as compost additives and field sprays. The objective of this work was to determine whether biodynamic compost or field spray preparations affect the soil biological community in the short term, beyond the effects of organic management. Four fertilizer options: (i) composted dairy manure and bedding (organic fertilization), (ii) the same material composted with biodynamic compost preparations, (iii) mineral fertilizers, and (iv) no fertilizer were investigated with and without the biodynamic field spray preparations. Both biodynamic and nonbiodynamic composts increased soil microbial biomass, respiration, dehydrogenase activity, soil C mineralized in 10 d (MinC), earthworm (Lumbricus terrestris) population and biomass, and metabolic quotient of respiration per unit biomass (qCO2) by the second year of study. No significant differences were found between soils fertilized with biodynamic vs. nonbiodynamic compost. Use of biodynamic field sprays was associated with more MinC and minor differences in soil microbial fatty acid profiles in the first year of study. There were no other observed effects of the biodynamic preparations. Organically and biodynamically managed soils had similar microbial status and were more biotically active than soils that did not receive organic fertilization. Organic management enhanced soil biological activity, but additional use of the biodynamic preparations did not significantly affect the soil biotic parameters tested.</description><subject>Agriculture</subject><subject>Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions</subject><subject>Biochemistry and biology</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Biology</subject><subject>Biomass</subject><subject>Chemical, physicochemical, biochemical and biological properties</subject><subject>Composting</subject><subject>Enzyme kinetics</subject><subject>Fatty acids</subject><subject>Fertilizers</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>General agronomy. Plant production</subject><subject>Generalities</subject><subject>Organic chemistry</subject><subject>Other nutrients. Amendments. Solid and liquid wastes. Sludges and slurries</subject><subject>Physics, chemistry, biochemistry and biology of agricultural and forest soils</subject><subject>Soil biology</subject><subject>Soil science</subject><subject>Soil-plant relationships. Soil fertility. Fertilization. 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P.</creator><general>Soil Science Society</general><general>Soil Science Society of America</general><general>American Society of Agronomy</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>SOI</scope><scope>KR7</scope></search><sort><creationdate>200009</creationdate><title>Organic and Biodynamic Management Effects on Soil Biology</title><author>Carpenter-Boggs, L. ; Kennedy, A. C. ; Reganold, J. P.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c456X-eceae9c97c7f406bb840ed2f8fcba74bf7faee9001bef2aa166ea7fe33a434b43</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2000</creationdate><topic>Agriculture</topic><topic>Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions</topic><topic>Biochemistry and biology</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Biology</topic><topic>Biomass</topic><topic>Chemical, physicochemical, biochemical and biological properties</topic><topic>Composting</topic><topic>Enzyme kinetics</topic><topic>Fatty acids</topic><topic>Fertilizers</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>General agronomy. Plant production</topic><topic>Generalities</topic><topic>Organic chemistry</topic><topic>Other nutrients. Amendments. Solid and liquid wastes. Sludges and slurries</topic><topic>Physics, chemistry, biochemistry and biology of agricultural and forest soils</topic><topic>Soil biology</topic><topic>Soil science</topic><topic>Soil-plant relationships. Soil fertility. Fertilization. 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P.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Organic and Biodynamic Management Effects on Soil Biology</atitle><jtitle>Soil Science Society of America journal</jtitle><date>2000-09</date><risdate>2000</risdate><volume>64</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>1651</spage><epage>1659</epage><pages>1651-1659</pages><issn>0361-5995</issn><eissn>1435-0661</eissn><coden>SSSJD4</coden><abstract>Biodynamic agriculture is a unique organic farming system that utilizes, in addition to the common tools of organic agriculture, specific fermented herbal preparations as compost additives and field sprays. The objective of this work was to determine whether biodynamic compost or field spray preparations affect the soil biological community in the short term, beyond the effects of organic management. Four fertilizer options: (i) composted dairy manure and bedding (organic fertilization), (ii) the same material composted with biodynamic compost preparations, (iii) mineral fertilizers, and (iv) no fertilizer were investigated with and without the biodynamic field spray preparations. Both biodynamic and nonbiodynamic composts increased soil microbial biomass, respiration, dehydrogenase activity, soil C mineralized in 10 d (MinC), earthworm (Lumbricus terrestris) population and biomass, and metabolic quotient of respiration per unit biomass (qCO2) by the second year of study. No significant differences were found between soils fertilized with biodynamic vs. nonbiodynamic compost. Use of biodynamic field sprays was associated with more MinC and minor differences in soil microbial fatty acid profiles in the first year of study. There were no other observed effects of the biodynamic preparations. Organically and biodynamically managed soils had similar microbial status and were more biotically active than soils that did not receive organic fertilization. Organic management enhanced soil biological activity, but additional use of the biodynamic preparations did not significantly affect the soil biotic parameters tested.</abstract><cop>Madison</cop><pub>Soil Science Society</pub><doi>10.2136/sssaj2000.6451651x</doi><tpages>9</tpages></addata></record> |
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subjects | Agriculture Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions Biochemistry and biology Biological and medical sciences Biology Biomass Chemical, physicochemical, biochemical and biological properties Composting Enzyme kinetics Fatty acids Fertilizers Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology General agronomy. Plant production Generalities Organic chemistry Other nutrients. Amendments. Solid and liquid wastes. Sludges and slurries Physics, chemistry, biochemistry and biology of agricultural and forest soils Soil biology Soil science Soil-plant relationships. Soil fertility. Fertilization. Amendments Soils |
title | Organic and Biodynamic Management Effects on Soil Biology |
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