Physical one-way functions
Modern cryptographic practice rests on the use of one-way functions, which are easy to evaluate but difficult to invert. Unfortunately, commonly used one-way functions are either based on unproven conjectures or have known vulnerabilities. We show that instead of relying on number theory, the mesosc...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science) 2002-09, Vol.297 (5589), p.2026-2030 |
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| container_issue | 5589 |
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| container_title | Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science) |
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| creator | PAPPU, Ravikanth RECHT, Ben TAYLOR, Jason GERSHENFELD, Neil |
| description | Modern cryptographic practice rests on the use of one-way functions, which are easy to evaluate but difficult to invert. Unfortunately, commonly used one-way functions are either based on unproven conjectures or have known vulnerabilities. We show that instead of relying on number theory, the mesoscopic physics of coherent transport through a disordered medium can be used to allocate and authenticate unique identifiers by physically reducing the medium's microstructure to a fixed-length string of binary digits. These physical one-way functions are inexpensive to fabricate, prohibitively difficult to duplicate, admit no compact mathematical representation, and are intrinsically tamper-resistant. We provide an authentication protocol based on the enormous address space that is a principal characteristic of physical one-way functions. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1126/science.1074376 |
| format | Article |
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| ispartof | Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science), 2002-09, Vol.297 (5589), p.2026-2030 |
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| language | eng |
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| source | JSTOR Archive Collection A-Z Listing; American Association for the Advancement of Science |
| subjects | Applied sciences Computer science Computers Cryptography Digital computers Exact sciences and technology Information Security Information, signal and communications theory Number Concepts Physics Safety and security measures Scientific Concepts Signal and communications theory Software/hardware leasing Telecommunications and information theory |
| title | Physical one-way functions |
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