Electron donors for biological sulfate reduction
Biological sulfate reduction is widely used for treating sulfate-containing wastewaters from industries such as mining, tannery, pulp and paper, and textiles. In biological reduction, sulfate is converted to hydrogen sulfide as the end product. The process is, therefore, ideally suited for treating...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Biotechnology advances 2007-09, Vol.25 (5), p.452-463 |
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description | Biological sulfate reduction is widely used for treating sulfate-containing wastewaters from industries such as mining, tannery, pulp and paper, and textiles. In biological reduction, sulfate is converted to hydrogen sulfide as the end product. The process is, therefore, ideally suited for treating metal-containing wastewater from which heavy metals are simultaneously removed through the formation of metal sulfides. Metal sulfide precipitates are more stable than metal hydroxides that are sensitive to pH change. Theoretically, conversion of 1 mol of sulfate requires 0.67 mol of chemical oxygen demand or electron donors. Sulfate rich wastewaters are usually deficient in electron donors and require external addition of electron donors in order to achieve complete sulfate reduction. This paper reviews various electron donors employed in biological sulfate reduction. Widely used electron donors include hydrogen, methanol, ethanol, acetate, lactate, propionate, butyrate, sugar, and molasses. The selection criteria for suitable electron donors are discussed. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2007.05.002 |
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In biological reduction, sulfate is converted to hydrogen sulfide as the end product. The process is, therefore, ideally suited for treating metal-containing wastewater from which heavy metals are simultaneously removed through the formation of metal sulfides. Metal sulfide precipitates are more stable than metal hydroxides that are sensitive to pH change. Theoretically, conversion of 1 mol of sulfate requires 0.67 mol of chemical oxygen demand or electron donors. Sulfate rich wastewaters are usually deficient in electron donors and require external addition of electron donors in order to achieve complete sulfate reduction. This paper reviews various electron donors employed in biological sulfate reduction. Widely used electron donors include hydrogen, methanol, ethanol, acetate, lactate, propionate, butyrate, sugar, and molasses. 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In biological reduction, sulfate is converted to hydrogen sulfide as the end product. The process is, therefore, ideally suited for treating metal-containing wastewater from which heavy metals are simultaneously removed through the formation of metal sulfides. Metal sulfide precipitates are more stable than metal hydroxides that are sensitive to pH change. Theoretically, conversion of 1 mol of sulfate requires 0.67 mol of chemical oxygen demand or electron donors. Sulfate rich wastewaters are usually deficient in electron donors and require external addition of electron donors in order to achieve complete sulfate reduction. This paper reviews various electron donors employed in biological sulfate reduction. Widely used electron donors include hydrogen, methanol, ethanol, acetate, lactate, propionate, butyrate, sugar, and molasses. The selection criteria for suitable electron donors are discussed.</description><subject>Anaerobic treatment</subject><subject>Biochemistry - methods</subject><subject>Biodegradation, Environmental</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Biological sulfate reduction</subject><subject>Biotechnology</subject><subject>Biotechnology - methods</subject><subject>Electrons</subject><subject>Environmental Restoration and Remediation - methods</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Hydrogen - chemistry</subject><subject>Hydrogen-Ion Concentration</subject><subject>Models, Chemical</subject><subject>Mutagenesis</subject><subject>Sulfate reducing bacteria</subject><subject>Sulfates - chemistry</subject><subject>Sulfides - chemistry</subject><subject>Sulfur-Reducing Bacteria - metabolism</subject><issn>0734-9750</issn><issn>1873-1899</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2007</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkU1v2zAMhoVhxZJm-wuFL-tOdklLsqzjGrTdgAK9bGdB1semwLFayS7Qfz8FCZBbBx54efiSeEhIhdAgYHeza4YQZ2f-avvatACiAd4AtB_IGntBa-yl_EjWICirpeCwIpc57wCQA6efyAoFFy1QuSZwNzozpzhVNk4x5crHVJXwMf4JRo9VXkavZ1clZxczhzh9Jhdej9l9OfUN-X1_92v7o358evi5_f5YG9bxuR6c1gP1vRw66AbBEL0Gy_gwdCisZGiZ7yxS25tWUqSI2reWWuot70Xr6YZ8O-Y-p_iyuDyrfcjGjaOeXFyyEoy2vC9VyOt3SZQCWddhAfsjaFLMOTmvnlPY6_SmENTBq9qps1d18KqAq-K1jF6ddizD3tnz4ElkAb6eAJ2LN5_0ZEI-c71k0HIo3O2Rc8Xda3BJZRPcZJwNqTxC2Rj-f80_gH-asQ</recordid><startdate>20070901</startdate><enddate>20070901</enddate><creator>Liamleam, Warounsak</creator><creator>Annachhatre, Ajit P.</creator><general>Elsevier Inc</general><general>Elsevier</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>7U5</scope><scope>L7M</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20070901</creationdate><title>Electron donors for biological sulfate reduction</title><author>Liamleam, Warounsak ; Annachhatre, Ajit P.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c465t-beaab3f89b606b7411fa0d45bb617d941d4f6d13d8c2931311af2d3d3fd5872f3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2007</creationdate><topic>Anaerobic treatment</topic><topic>Biochemistry - methods</topic><topic>Biodegradation, Environmental</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Biological sulfate reduction</topic><topic>Biotechnology</topic><topic>Biotechnology - methods</topic><topic>Electrons</topic><topic>Environmental Restoration and Remediation - methods</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>Hydrogen - chemistry</topic><topic>Hydrogen-Ion Concentration</topic><topic>Models, Chemical</topic><topic>Mutagenesis</topic><topic>Sulfate reducing bacteria</topic><topic>Sulfates - chemistry</topic><topic>Sulfides - chemistry</topic><topic>Sulfur-Reducing Bacteria - metabolism</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Liamleam, Warounsak</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Annachhatre, Ajit P.</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><jtitle>Biotechnology advances</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Liamleam, Warounsak</au><au>Annachhatre, Ajit P.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Electron donors for biological sulfate reduction</atitle><jtitle>Biotechnology advances</jtitle><addtitle>Biotechnol Adv</addtitle><date>2007-09-01</date><risdate>2007</risdate><volume>25</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>452</spage><epage>463</epage><pages>452-463</pages><issn>0734-9750</issn><eissn>1873-1899</eissn><coden>BIADDD</coden><abstract>Biological sulfate reduction is widely used for treating sulfate-containing wastewaters from industries such as mining, tannery, pulp and paper, and textiles. 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subjects | Anaerobic treatment Biochemistry - methods Biodegradation, Environmental Biological and medical sciences Biological sulfate reduction Biotechnology Biotechnology - methods Electrons Environmental Restoration and Remediation - methods Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Hydrogen - chemistry Hydrogen-Ion Concentration Models, Chemical Mutagenesis Sulfate reducing bacteria Sulfates - chemistry Sulfides - chemistry Sulfur-Reducing Bacteria - metabolism |
title | Electron donors for biological sulfate reduction |
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