Host-bacterial mutualism in the human intestine
The distal human intestine represents an anaerobic bioreactor programmed with an enormous population of bacteria, dominated by relatively few divisions that are highly diverse at the strain/subspecies level. This microbiota and its collective genomes (microbiome) provide us with genetic and metaboli...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science) 2005-03, Vol.307 (5717), p.1915-1920 |
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| creator | Backhed, F Ley, R.E Sonnenburg, J.L Peterson, D.A Gordon, J.I |
| description | The distal human intestine represents an anaerobic bioreactor programmed with an enormous population of bacteria, dominated by relatively few divisions that are highly diverse at the strain/subspecies level. This microbiota and its collective genomes (microbiome) provide us with genetic and metabolic attributes we have not been required to evolve on our own, including the ability to harvest otherwise inaccessible nutrients. New studies are revealing how the gut microbiota has coevolved with us and how it manipulates and complements our biology in ways that are mutually beneficial. We are also starting to understand how certain keystone members of the microbiota operate to maintain the stability and functional adaptability of this microbial organ. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1126/science.1104816 |
| format | Article |
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This microbiota and its collective genomes (microbiome) provide us with genetic and metabolic attributes we have not been required to evolve on our own, including the ability to harvest otherwise inaccessible nutrients. New studies are revealing how the gut microbiota has coevolved with us and how it manipulates and complements our biology in ways that are mutually beneficial. We are also starting to understand how certain keystone members of the microbiota operate to maintain the stability and functional adaptability of this microbial organ.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0036-8075</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1095-9203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1126/science.1104816</identifier><identifier>PMID: 15790844</identifier><identifier>CODEN: SCIEAS</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: American Association for the Advancement of Science</publisher><subject>Anaerobiosis ; Bacteria ; Bacteria - classification ; Bacterial Physiological Phenomena ; Bacteroides ; Bacteroides - genetics ; Bacteroides - physiology ; Biodiversity ; Biological Evolution ; Bioreactors ; carbohydrate metabolism ; community ecology ; digestion ; Digestive system ; Ecosystem ; Energy Intake ; Energy Metabolism ; Epithelial cells ; Gastrointestinal system ; Gastrointestinal tract ; Gastrointestinal Tract - microbiology ; Gastrointestinal Tract - physiology ; Genetics ; Genome, Bacterial ; Genomes ; Humans ; intestinal microorganisms ; Intestines ; Intestines - microbiology ; Intestines - physiology ; literature reviews ; Membrane reactors ; Microbial populations ; Microbiology ; Microbiota ; mutualism ; Mutualism (Biology) ; nutrition physiology ; Obesity - etiology ; Polysaccharides ; Reviews ; Selection, Genetic ; species diversity</subject><ispartof>Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science), 2005-03, Vol.307 (5717), p.1915-1920</ispartof><rights>Copyright 2005 American Association for the Advancement of Science</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2005 American Association for the Advancement of Science</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2005 American Association for the Advancement of Science</rights><rights>Copyright American Association for the Advancement of Science Mar 25, 2005</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c778t-af0979b6efffa316ac194e346f41eff69ef47c5b474a0a8a06207dd36b3a4853</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c778t-af0979b6efffa316ac194e346f41eff69ef47c5b474a0a8a06207dd36b3a4853</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/3841877$$EPDF$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/3841877$$EHTML$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,799,2871,2872,27901,27902,57992,58225</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15790844$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Backhed, F</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ley, R.E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sonnenburg, J.L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Peterson, D.A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gordon, J.I</creatorcontrib><title>Host-bacterial mutualism in the human intestine</title><title>Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science)</title><addtitle>Science</addtitle><description>The distal human intestine represents an anaerobic bioreactor programmed with an enormous population of bacteria, dominated by relatively few divisions that are highly diverse at the strain/subspecies level. This microbiota and its collective genomes (microbiome) provide us with genetic and metabolic attributes we have not been required to evolve on our own, including the ability to harvest otherwise inaccessible nutrients. New studies are revealing how the gut microbiota has coevolved with us and how it manipulates and complements our biology in ways that are mutually beneficial. We are also starting to understand how certain keystone members of the microbiota operate to maintain the stability and functional adaptability of this microbial organ.</description><subject>Anaerobiosis</subject><subject>Bacteria</subject><subject>Bacteria - classification</subject><subject>Bacterial Physiological Phenomena</subject><subject>Bacteroides</subject><subject>Bacteroides - genetics</subject><subject>Bacteroides - physiology</subject><subject>Biodiversity</subject><subject>Biological Evolution</subject><subject>Bioreactors</subject><subject>carbohydrate metabolism</subject><subject>community ecology</subject><subject>digestion</subject><subject>Digestive system</subject><subject>Ecosystem</subject><subject>Energy Intake</subject><subject>Energy Metabolism</subject><subject>Epithelial cells</subject><subject>Gastrointestinal system</subject><subject>Gastrointestinal tract</subject><subject>Gastrointestinal Tract - microbiology</subject><subject>Gastrointestinal Tract - physiology</subject><subject>Genetics</subject><subject>Genome, Bacterial</subject><subject>Genomes</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>intestinal microorganisms</subject><subject>Intestines</subject><subject>Intestines - microbiology</subject><subject>Intestines - physiology</subject><subject>literature reviews</subject><subject>Membrane reactors</subject><subject>Microbial populations</subject><subject>Microbiology</subject><subject>Microbiota</subject><subject>mutualism</subject><subject>Mutualism (Biology)</subject><subject>nutrition physiology</subject><subject>Obesity - etiology</subject><subject>Polysaccharides</subject><subject>Reviews</subject><subject>Selection, Genetic</subject><subject>species 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| source | American Association for the Advancement of Science; Jstor Complete Legacy; MEDLINE |
| subjects | Anaerobiosis Bacteria Bacteria - classification Bacterial Physiological Phenomena Bacteroides Bacteroides - genetics Bacteroides - physiology Biodiversity Biological Evolution Bioreactors carbohydrate metabolism community ecology digestion Digestive system Ecosystem Energy Intake Energy Metabolism Epithelial cells Gastrointestinal system Gastrointestinal tract Gastrointestinal Tract - microbiology Gastrointestinal Tract - physiology Genetics Genome, Bacterial Genomes Humans intestinal microorganisms Intestines Intestines - microbiology Intestines - physiology literature reviews Membrane reactors Microbial populations Microbiology Microbiota mutualism Mutualism (Biology) nutrition physiology Obesity - etiology Polysaccharides Reviews Selection, Genetic species diversity |
| title | Host-bacterial mutualism in the human intestine |
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