African Populations and the Evolution of Human Mitochondrial DNA
The proposal that all mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) types in contemporary humans stem from a common ancestor present in an African population some 200,000 years ago has attracted much attention. To study this proposal further, two hypervariable segments of mtDNA were sequenced from 189 people of diverse...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science) 1991-09, Vol.253 (5027), p.1503-1507 |
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| creator | Vigilant, Linda Stoneking, Mark Harpending, Henry Hawkes, Kristen Wilson, Allan C. |
| description | The proposal that all mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) types in contemporary humans stem from a common ancestor present in an African population some 200,000 years ago has attracted much attention. To study this proposal further, two hypervariable segments of mtDNA were sequenced from 189 people of diverse geographic origin, including 121 native Africans. Geographic specificity was observed in that identical mtDNA types are shared within but not between populations. A tree relating these mtDNA sequences to one another and to a chimpanzee sequence has many deep branches leading exclusively to African mtDNAs. An African origin for human mtDNA is supported by two statistical tests. With the use of the chimpanzee and human sequences to calibrate the rate of mtDNA evolution, the age of the common human mtDNA ancestor is placed between 166,000 and 249,000 years. These results thus support and extend the African origin hypothesis of human mtDNA evolution. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1126/science.1840702 |
| format | Article |
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To study this proposal further, two hypervariable segments of mtDNA were sequenced from 189 people of diverse geographic origin, including 121 native Africans. Geographic specificity was observed in that identical mtDNA types are shared within but not between populations. A tree relating these mtDNA sequences to one another and to a chimpanzee sequence has many deep branches leading exclusively to African mtDNAs. An African origin for human mtDNA is supported by two statistical tests. With the use of the chimpanzee and human sequences to calibrate the rate of mtDNA evolution, the age of the common human mtDNA ancestor is placed between 166,000 and 249,000 years. These results thus support and extend the African origin hypothesis of human mtDNA evolution.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0036-8075</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1095-9203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1126/science.1840702</identifier><identifier>PMID: 1840702</identifier><identifier>CODEN: SCIEAS</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: American Society for the Advancement of Science</publisher><subject>Africa ; African Americans ; African Continental Ancestry Group - genetics ; Animals ; Biological Evolution ; Chimpanzees ; Deoxyribonucleic acid ; DNA ; DNA, Mitochondrial - genetics ; Evolution ; Genes ; Genetic mutation ; Genetics ; Genome, Human ; Geographic regions ; Haplorhini - genetics ; Human beings ; Human genetics ; Humans ; Man ; Mitochondrial DNA ; Models, Genetic ; Nucleotides ; Origin ; Restriction Mapping ; We they distinction</subject><ispartof>Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science), 1991-09, Vol.253 (5027), p.1503-1507</ispartof><rights>Copyright 1990 American Association for the Advancement of Science</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 1991 American Association for the Advancement of Science</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 1991 American Association for the Advancement of Science</rights><rights>Copyright American Association for the Advancement of Science Sep 27, 1991</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c744t-36401c22621935db8c520c870c1d0281840ae964541b2f8774485f4d47cffef3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c744t-36401c22621935db8c520c870c1d0281840ae964541b2f8774485f4d47cffef3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/2884983$$EPDF$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/2884983$$EHTML$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,803,2884,2885,27924,27925,58017,58250</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1840702$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Vigilant, Linda</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stoneking, Mark</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Harpending, Henry</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hawkes, Kristen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wilson, Allan C.</creatorcontrib><title>African Populations and the Evolution of Human Mitochondrial DNA</title><title>Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science)</title><addtitle>Science</addtitle><description>The proposal that all mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) types in contemporary humans stem from a common ancestor present in an African population some 200,000 years ago has attracted much attention. To study this proposal further, two hypervariable segments of mtDNA were sequenced from 189 people of diverse geographic origin, including 121 native Africans. Geographic specificity was observed in that identical mtDNA types are shared within but not between populations. A tree relating these mtDNA sequences to one another and to a chimpanzee sequence has many deep branches leading exclusively to African mtDNAs. An African origin for human mtDNA is supported by two statistical tests. With the use of the chimpanzee and human sequences to calibrate the rate of mtDNA evolution, the age of the common human mtDNA ancestor is placed between 166,000 and 249,000 years. These results thus support and extend the African origin hypothesis of human mtDNA evolution.</description><subject>Africa</subject><subject>African Americans</subject><subject>African Continental Ancestry Group - genetics</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Biological Evolution</subject><subject>Chimpanzees</subject><subject>Deoxyribonucleic acid</subject><subject>DNA</subject><subject>DNA, Mitochondrial - genetics</subject><subject>Evolution</subject><subject>Genes</subject><subject>Genetic mutation</subject><subject>Genetics</subject><subject>Genome, Human</subject><subject>Geographic regions</subject><subject>Haplorhini - genetics</subject><subject>Human beings</subject><subject>Human genetics</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Man</subject><subject>Mitochondrial DNA</subject><subject>Models, Genetic</subject><subject>Nucleotides</subject><subject>Origin</subject><subject>Restriction Mapping</subject><subject>We they 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population some 200,000 years ago has attracted much attention. 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| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0036-8075 |
| ispartof | Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science), 1991-09, Vol.253 (5027), p.1503-1507 |
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| language | eng |
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| source | MEDLINE; JSTOR Archive Collection A-Z Listing; American Association for the Advancement of Science |
| subjects | Africa African Americans African Continental Ancestry Group - genetics Animals Biological Evolution Chimpanzees Deoxyribonucleic acid DNA DNA, Mitochondrial - genetics Evolution Genes Genetic mutation Genetics Genome, Human Geographic regions Haplorhini - genetics Human beings Human genetics Humans Man Mitochondrial DNA Models, Genetic Nucleotides Origin Restriction Mapping We they distinction |
| title | African Populations and the Evolution of Human Mitochondrial DNA |
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