Effects of Basal Debris on Glacier Flow
Glacier movement is resisted partially by debris, either within glaciers or under glaciers in water-saturated layers. In experiments beneath a thick, sliding glacier, ice containing 2 to 11% debris exerted shear traction of 60 to 200 kilopascals on a smooth rock bed, comparable to the total shear tr...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science) 2003-07, Vol.301 (5629), p.81-84 |
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| container_title | Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science) |
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| creator | Iverson, Neal R. Cohen, Denis Hooyer, Thomas S. Fischer, Urs H. Jackson, Miriam Moore, Peter L. Lappegard, Gaute Kohler, Jack |
| description | Glacier movement is resisted partially by debris, either within glaciers or under glaciers in water-saturated layers. In experiments beneath a thick, sliding glacier, ice containing 2 to 11% debris exerted shear traction of 60 to 200 kilopascals on a smooth rock bed, comparable to the total shear traction beneath glaciers and contrary to the usual assumption that debris-bed friction is negligible. Imposed pore-water pressure that was 60 to 100% of the normal stress in a subglacial debris layer reduced shear traction on the debris sufficiently to halt its deformation and cause slip of ice over the debris. Slip resistance was thus less than debris shearing resistance. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1126/science.1083086 |
| format | Article |
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In experiments beneath a thick, sliding glacier, ice containing 2 to 11% debris exerted shear traction of 60 to 200 kilopascals on a smooth rock bed, comparable to the total shear traction beneath glaciers and contrary to the usual assumption that debris-bed friction is negligible. Imposed pore-water pressure that was 60 to 100% of the normal stress in a subglacial debris layer reduced shear traction on the debris sufficiently to halt its deformation and cause slip of ice over the debris. Slip resistance was thus less than debris shearing resistance.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0036-8075</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1095-9203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1126/science.1083086</identifier><identifier>PMID: 12843389</identifier><identifier>CODEN: SCIEAS</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Washington, DC: American Association for the Advancement of Science</publisher><subject>Analysis ; Deformation ; Dehydration ; Drift ; Earth, ocean, space ; Exact sciences and technology ; External geophysics ; Fractions ; Freshwater ; Geology ; Glacial deposits ; Glacial landforms ; Glaciers ; Glaciology ; Ice ; Resistance movements ; Shear stress ; Snow. Ice. Glaciers ; Tiltmeters ; Water ; Water pressure ; Writing tablets</subject><ispartof>Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science), 2003-07, Vol.301 (5629), p.81-84</ispartof><rights>Copyright 2003 American Association for the Advancement of Science</rights><rights>2003 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2003 American Association for the Advancement of Science</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2003 American Association for the Advancement of Science</rights><rights>Copyright American Association for the Advancement of Science Jul 4, 2003</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-a799t-6a01569fb883a143b172e7998ba8322831a0809ed7c316f4b64d33c18c2385423</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-a799t-6a01569fb883a143b172e7998ba8322831a0809ed7c316f4b64d33c18c2385423</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/3834635$$EPDF$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/3834635$$EHTML$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,799,2871,2872,27901,27902,57992,58225</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=14950589$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12843389$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Iverson, Neal R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cohen, Denis</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hooyer, Thomas S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fischer, Urs H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jackson, Miriam</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Moore, Peter L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lappegard, Gaute</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kohler, Jack</creatorcontrib><title>Effects of Basal Debris on Glacier Flow</title><title>Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science)</title><addtitle>Science</addtitle><description>Glacier movement is resisted partially by debris, either within glaciers or under glaciers in water-saturated layers. In experiments beneath a thick, sliding glacier, ice containing 2 to 11% debris exerted shear traction of 60 to 200 kilopascals on a smooth rock bed, comparable to the total shear traction beneath glaciers and contrary to the usual assumption that debris-bed friction is negligible. Imposed pore-water pressure that was 60 to 100% of the normal stress in a subglacial debris layer reduced shear traction on the debris sufficiently to halt its deformation and cause slip of ice over the debris. Slip resistance was thus less than debris shearing resistance.</description><subject>Analysis</subject><subject>Deformation</subject><subject>Dehydration</subject><subject>Drift</subject><subject>Earth, ocean, space</subject><subject>Exact sciences and technology</subject><subject>External geophysics</subject><subject>Fractions</subject><subject>Freshwater</subject><subject>Geology</subject><subject>Glacial deposits</subject><subject>Glacial landforms</subject><subject>Glaciers</subject><subject>Glaciology</subject><subject>Ice</subject><subject>Resistance movements</subject><subject>Shear stress</subject><subject>Snow. Ice. 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In experiments beneath a thick, sliding glacier, ice containing 2 to 11% debris exerted shear traction of 60 to 200 kilopascals on a smooth rock bed, comparable to the total shear traction beneath glaciers and contrary to the usual assumption that debris-bed friction is negligible. Imposed pore-water pressure that was 60 to 100% of the normal stress in a subglacial debris layer reduced shear traction on the debris sufficiently to halt its deformation and cause slip of ice over the debris. Slip resistance was thus less than debris shearing resistance.</abstract><cop>Washington, DC</cop><pub>American Association for the Advancement of Science</pub><pmid>12843389</pmid><doi>10.1126/science.1083086</doi><tpages>4</tpages></addata></record> |
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| identifier | ISSN: 0036-8075 |
| ispartof | Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science), 2003-07, Vol.301 (5629), p.81-84 |
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| language | eng |
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| source | American Association for the Advancement of Science; Jstor Complete Legacy |
| subjects | Analysis Deformation Dehydration Drift Earth, ocean, space Exact sciences and technology External geophysics Fractions Freshwater Geology Glacial deposits Glacial landforms Glaciers Glaciology Ice Resistance movements Shear stress Snow. Ice. Glaciers Tiltmeters Water Water pressure Writing tablets |
| title | Effects of Basal Debris on Glacier Flow |
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