Characterization of the Hydraulic Properties of Fractures in Chalk
The fracture systems intersecting Eocene chalk formations in the Negev desert, Israel, and their hydraulic properties were characterized using a variety of geologic and hydrologic techniques. These included identification of the prevailing directions of fracture systems in outcrops, in cores retriev...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Ground water 2003-07, Vol.41 (4), p.532-543 |
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| creator | Nativ, Ronit Adar, Eilon Assaf, Lior Nygaard, Erik |
| description | The fracture systems intersecting Eocene chalk formations in the Negev desert, Israel, and their hydraulic properties were characterized using a variety of geologic and hydrologic techniques. These included identification of the prevailing directions of fracture systems in outcrops, in cores retrieved from inclined coreholes, in coreholes using video logs, and in trenches. The orientation and inclination of these fracture systems were determined, and evidence of ground water flow on the fracture surfaces was described and ranked. Their hydraulic conductivity was determined through slug and pumping tests performed at discrete intervals. Temperature, electrical conductivity, caliper, gamma and heat‐pulse logs were conducted in the same coreholes. The results from the logs, tests, and core descriptions were compared to identify reliable and cost‐effective tools for investigating the hydraulic characteristics of fracture systems. We concluded that in the study area: (1) fracture mapping in outcrops and coreholes (including downhole video and caliper logs) must be supplemented by hydraulic testing of the mapped fracture sets in the coreholes; (2) inclined coreholes provide information regarding the orientation of the hydraulically active fracture systems that cannot be obtained from vertical boreholes; (3) hydraulic testing of unpacked holes provides a reasonable estimate of the maximum hydraulic conductivity; and (4) the hydraulic conductivity distribution with depth is log normal and all significant ground water flow takes place within the upper 25 m. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1111/j.1745-6584.2003.tb02387.x |
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These included identification of the prevailing directions of fracture systems in outcrops, in cores retrieved from inclined coreholes, in coreholes using video logs, and in trenches. The orientation and inclination of these fracture systems were determined, and evidence of ground water flow on the fracture surfaces was described and ranked. Their hydraulic conductivity was determined through slug and pumping tests performed at discrete intervals. Temperature, electrical conductivity, caliper, gamma and heat‐pulse logs were conducted in the same coreholes. The results from the logs, tests, and core descriptions were compared to identify reliable and cost‐effective tools for investigating the hydraulic characteristics of fracture systems. We concluded that in the study area: (1) fracture mapping in outcrops and coreholes (including downhole video and caliper logs) must be supplemented by hydraulic testing of the mapped fracture sets in the coreholes; (2) inclined coreholes provide information regarding the orientation of the hydraulically active fracture systems that cannot be obtained from vertical boreholes; (3) hydraulic testing of unpacked holes provides a reasonable estimate of the maximum hydraulic conductivity; and (4) the hydraulic conductivity distribution with depth is log normal and all significant ground water flow takes place within the upper 25 m.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0017-467X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1745-6584</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-6584.2003.tb02387.x</identifier><identifier>PMID: 12873016</identifier><identifier>CODEN: GRWAAP</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><subject>Deserts ; Environmental Monitoring ; Fractures (Geology) ; Geological Phenomena ; Geology ; Groundwater ; Hydraulics ; Israel ; Israel, Negev Desert ; Soil ; Water Movements ; Water, Underground</subject><ispartof>Ground water, 2003-07, Vol.41 (4), p.532-543</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2003 National Ground Water Association</rights><rights>Copyright Ground Water Publishing Company Jul/Aug 2003</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-a6612-696a3043a96149b2c0a2c1a96dc5819b2b21198df422c9c619dae2d43d37dc3e3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-a6612-696a3043a96149b2c0a2c1a96dc5819b2b21198df422c9c619dae2d43d37dc3e3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111%2Fj.1745-6584.2003.tb02387.x$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111%2Fj.1745-6584.2003.tb02387.x$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,1416,27915,27916,45565,45566</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12873016$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Nativ, Ronit</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Adar, Eilon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Assaf, Lior</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nygaard, Erik</creatorcontrib><title>Characterization of the Hydraulic Properties of Fractures in Chalk</title><title>Ground water</title><addtitle>Ground Water</addtitle><description>The fracture systems intersecting Eocene chalk formations in the Negev desert, Israel, and their hydraulic properties were characterized using a variety of geologic and hydrologic techniques. These included identification of the prevailing directions of fracture systems in outcrops, in cores retrieved from inclined coreholes, in coreholes using video logs, and in trenches. The orientation and inclination of these fracture systems were determined, and evidence of ground water flow on the fracture surfaces was described and ranked. Their hydraulic conductivity was determined through slug and pumping tests performed at discrete intervals. Temperature, electrical conductivity, caliper, gamma and heat‐pulse logs were conducted in the same coreholes. The results from the logs, tests, and core descriptions were compared to identify reliable and cost‐effective tools for investigating the hydraulic characteristics of fracture systems. We concluded that in the study area: (1) fracture mapping in outcrops and coreholes (including downhole video and caliper logs) must be supplemented by hydraulic testing of the mapped fracture sets in the coreholes; (2) inclined coreholes provide information regarding the orientation of the hydraulically active fracture systems that cannot be obtained from vertical boreholes; (3) hydraulic testing of unpacked holes provides a reasonable estimate of the maximum hydraulic conductivity; and (4) the hydraulic conductivity distribution with depth is log normal and all significant ground water flow takes place within the upper 25 m.</description><subject>Deserts</subject><subject>Environmental Monitoring</subject><subject>Fractures (Geology)</subject><subject>Geological Phenomena</subject><subject>Geology</subject><subject>Groundwater</subject><subject>Hydraulics</subject><subject>Israel</subject><subject>Israel, Negev Desert</subject><subject>Soil</subject><subject>Water 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These included identification of the prevailing directions of fracture systems in outcrops, in cores retrieved from inclined coreholes, in coreholes using video logs, and in trenches. The orientation and inclination of these fracture systems were determined, and evidence of ground water flow on the fracture surfaces was described and ranked. Their hydraulic conductivity was determined through slug and pumping tests performed at discrete intervals. Temperature, electrical conductivity, caliper, gamma and heat‐pulse logs were conducted in the same coreholes. The results from the logs, tests, and core descriptions were compared to identify reliable and cost‐effective tools for investigating the hydraulic characteristics of fracture systems. 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| ispartof | Ground water, 2003-07, Vol.41 (4), p.532-543 |
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| source | Wiley-Blackwell Journals; MEDLINE |
| subjects | Deserts Environmental Monitoring Fractures (Geology) Geological Phenomena Geology Groundwater Hydraulics Israel Israel, Negev Desert Soil Water Movements Water, Underground |
| title | Characterization of the Hydraulic Properties of Fractures in Chalk |
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