Acid exposure is an immune disruptor in adult Rana pipiens
Acidic environments are physiological stressors for amphibians. The objective of the present study was to document the effect of an acidic environment on innate immune system function under controlled experimental conditions in Rana pipiens. We developed an in vivo assay, by injecting a suspension o...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Environmental toxicology and chemistry 2006-01, Vol.25 (1), p.199-202 |
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| creator | Vatnick, Itzick Andrews, Jaime Colombo, Matthew Madhoun, Hareth Rameswaran, Muthuramanan Brodkin, Marc A. |
| description | Acidic environments are physiological stressors for amphibians. The objective of the present study was to document the effect of an acidic environment on innate immune system function under controlled experimental conditions in Rana pipiens. We developed an in vivo assay, by injecting a suspension of 1‐μm fluorescent beads in fluid thioglycollate, to induce peritonitis. The number of peritoneal exudate leukocytes and their phagocytic activity did not increase with thioglycollate injection when frogs were exposed to pH 5.5 compared to when frogs were exposed to pH 7.0. An environment of pH 5.5 disrupted the inflammatory response of frogs compared to an environment of pH 7.0; at pH 5.5, more nonphagocytic leukocytes and fewer highly phagocytic leukocytes were found compared to those in frogs exposed to pH 7.0. Frogs stimulated by thioglycollate injection and exposed to pH 5.5 had a 50% increase in cells that did not exhibit phagocytosis and a 4‐ to 10‐fold reduction in the number of highly phagocytic cells. This is evidence that acid exposure functions as an immune disruptor in adult R. pipiens under laboratory conditions. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1897/05-324R1.1 |
| format | Article |
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The objective of the present study was to document the effect of an acidic environment on innate immune system function under controlled experimental conditions in Rana pipiens. We developed an in vivo assay, by injecting a suspension of 1‐μm fluorescent beads in fluid thioglycollate, to induce peritonitis. The number of peritoneal exudate leukocytes and their phagocytic activity did not increase with thioglycollate injection when frogs were exposed to pH 5.5 compared to when frogs were exposed to pH 7.0. An environment of pH 5.5 disrupted the inflammatory response of frogs compared to an environment of pH 7.0; at pH 5.5, more nonphagocytic leukocytes and fewer highly phagocytic leukocytes were found compared to those in frogs exposed to pH 7.0. Frogs stimulated by thioglycollate injection and exposed to pH 5.5 had a 50% increase in cells that did not exhibit phagocytosis and a 4‐ to 10‐fold reduction in the number of highly phagocytic cells. This is evidence that acid exposure functions as an immune disruptor in adult R. pipiens under laboratory conditions.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0730-7268</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1552-8618</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1897/05-324R1.1</identifier><identifier>PMID: 16494242</identifier><identifier>CODEN: ETOCDK</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Hoboken: Wiley Periodicals, Inc</publisher><subject>Acids ; Adults ; Amphibia ; Amphibia. Reptilia ; Amphibians ; Animal, plant and microbial ecology ; Animals ; Applied ecology ; Beads ; Biocompatibility ; Biological and medical sciences ; Biomedical materials ; Copyrights ; Division ; Ecotoxicology, biological effects of pollution ; Environmental toxicants ; Exposure ; Fluid dynamics ; Fluid flow ; Frogs ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; General aspects ; Hazardous materials ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Immune disruptor ; Immune system ; In vivo testing ; In vivo tests ; Inflammatory response ; Injection ; Innate immunity ; Leukocyte Count ; Leukocytes ; Leukocytes - immunology ; Organic contaminants ; Peritonitis - chemically induced ; Peritonitis - immunology ; Phagocytosis ; Phagocytosis - immunology ; Presses ; Rana pipiens ; Rana pipiens - immunology ; Reduction ; Reptiles & amphibians ; Surgical implants ; Thioglycolates ; Vertebrates: general zoology, morphology, phylogeny, systematics, cytogenetics, geographical distribution</subject><ispartof>Environmental toxicology and chemistry, 2006-01, Vol.25 (1), p.199-202</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 2006 SETAC</rights><rights>2006 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright Alliance Communications Group, A Division of Allen Press, Inc. Jan 2006</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5515-cd092ab7ceb1064f007f3e44b2230a3eef07718d89a7c814d4272d175468c9493</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5515-cd092ab7ceb1064f007f3e44b2230a3eef07718d89a7c814d4272d175468c9493</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1897%2F05-324R1.1$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1897%2F05-324R1.1$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,777,781,1412,4010,27904,27905,27906,45555,45556</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=17358664$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16494242$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Vatnick, Itzick</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Andrews, Jaime</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Colombo, Matthew</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Madhoun, Hareth</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rameswaran, Muthuramanan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brodkin, Marc A.</creatorcontrib><title>Acid exposure is an immune disruptor in adult Rana pipiens</title><title>Environmental toxicology and chemistry</title><addtitle>Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry</addtitle><description>Acidic environments are physiological stressors for amphibians. The objective of the present study was to document the effect of an acidic environment on innate immune system function under controlled experimental conditions in Rana pipiens. We developed an in vivo assay, by injecting a suspension of 1‐μm fluorescent beads in fluid thioglycollate, to induce peritonitis. The number of peritoneal exudate leukocytes and their phagocytic activity did not increase with thioglycollate injection when frogs were exposed to pH 5.5 compared to when frogs were exposed to pH 7.0. An environment of pH 5.5 disrupted the inflammatory response of frogs compared to an environment of pH 7.0; at pH 5.5, more nonphagocytic leukocytes and fewer highly phagocytic leukocytes were found compared to those in frogs exposed to pH 7.0. Frogs stimulated by thioglycollate injection and exposed to pH 5.5 had a 50% increase in cells that did not exhibit phagocytosis and a 4‐ to 10‐fold reduction in the number of highly phagocytic cells. This is evidence that acid exposure functions as an immune disruptor in adult R. pipiens under laboratory conditions.</description><subject>Acids</subject><subject>Adults</subject><subject>Amphibia</subject><subject>Amphibia. Reptilia</subject><subject>Amphibians</subject><subject>Animal, plant and microbial ecology</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Applied ecology</subject><subject>Beads</subject><subject>Biocompatibility</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Biomedical materials</subject><subject>Copyrights</subject><subject>Division</subject><subject>Ecotoxicology, biological effects of pollution</subject><subject>Environmental toxicants</subject><subject>Exposure</subject><subject>Fluid dynamics</subject><subject>Fluid flow</subject><subject>Frogs</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. 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Reptilia</topic><topic>Amphibians</topic><topic>Animal, plant and microbial ecology</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Applied ecology</topic><topic>Beads</topic><topic>Biocompatibility</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Biomedical materials</topic><topic>Copyrights</topic><topic>Division</topic><topic>Ecotoxicology, biological effects of pollution</topic><topic>Environmental toxicants</topic><topic>Exposure</topic><topic>Fluid dynamics</topic><topic>Fluid flow</topic><topic>Frogs</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>General aspects</topic><topic>Hazardous materials</topic><topic>Hydrogen-Ion Concentration</topic><topic>Immune disruptor</topic><topic>Immune system</topic><topic>In vivo testing</topic><topic>In vivo tests</topic><topic>Inflammatory response</topic><topic>Injection</topic><topic>Innate immunity</topic><topic>Leukocyte Count</topic><topic>Leukocytes</topic><topic>Leukocytes - immunology</topic><topic>Organic contaminants</topic><topic>Peritonitis - chemically induced</topic><topic>Peritonitis - immunology</topic><topic>Phagocytosis</topic><topic>Phagocytosis - immunology</topic><topic>Presses</topic><topic>Rana pipiens</topic><topic>Rana pipiens - immunology</topic><topic>Reduction</topic><topic>Reptiles & amphibians</topic><topic>Surgical implants</topic><topic>Thioglycolates</topic><topic>Vertebrates: general zoology, morphology, phylogeny, systematics, cytogenetics, geographical 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Jaime</au><au>Colombo, Matthew</au><au>Madhoun, Hareth</au><au>Rameswaran, Muthuramanan</au><au>Brodkin, Marc A.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Acid exposure is an immune disruptor in adult Rana pipiens</atitle><jtitle>Environmental toxicology and chemistry</jtitle><addtitle>Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry</addtitle><date>2006-01</date><risdate>2006</risdate><volume>25</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>199</spage><epage>202</epage><pages>199-202</pages><issn>0730-7268</issn><eissn>1552-8618</eissn><coden>ETOCDK</coden><abstract>Acidic environments are physiological stressors for amphibians. The objective of the present study was to document the effect of an acidic environment on innate immune system function under controlled experimental conditions in Rana pipiens. We developed an in vivo assay, by injecting a suspension of 1‐μm fluorescent beads in fluid thioglycollate, to induce peritonitis. The number of peritoneal exudate leukocytes and their phagocytic activity did not increase with thioglycollate injection when frogs were exposed to pH 5.5 compared to when frogs were exposed to pH 7.0. An environment of pH 5.5 disrupted the inflammatory response of frogs compared to an environment of pH 7.0; at pH 5.5, more nonphagocytic leukocytes and fewer highly phagocytic leukocytes were found compared to those in frogs exposed to pH 7.0. Frogs stimulated by thioglycollate injection and exposed to pH 5.5 had a 50% increase in cells that did not exhibit phagocytosis and a 4‐ to 10‐fold reduction in the number of highly phagocytic cells. This is evidence that acid exposure functions as an immune disruptor in adult R. pipiens under laboratory conditions.</abstract><cop>Hoboken</cop><pub>Wiley Periodicals, Inc</pub><pmid>16494242</pmid><doi>10.1897/05-324R1.1</doi><tpages>4</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Environmental toxicology and chemistry, 2006-01, Vol.25 (1), p.199-202 |
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| subjects | Acids Adults Amphibia Amphibia. Reptilia Amphibians Animal, plant and microbial ecology Animals Applied ecology Beads Biocompatibility Biological and medical sciences Biomedical materials Copyrights Division Ecotoxicology, biological effects of pollution Environmental toxicants Exposure Fluid dynamics Fluid flow Frogs Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology General aspects Hazardous materials Hydrogen-Ion Concentration Immune disruptor Immune system In vivo testing In vivo tests Inflammatory response Injection Innate immunity Leukocyte Count Leukocytes Leukocytes - immunology Organic contaminants Peritonitis - chemically induced Peritonitis - immunology Phagocytosis Phagocytosis - immunology Presses Rana pipiens Rana pipiens - immunology Reduction Reptiles & amphibians Surgical implants Thioglycolates Vertebrates: general zoology, morphology, phylogeny, systematics, cytogenetics, geographical distribution |
| title | Acid exposure is an immune disruptor in adult Rana pipiens |
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