The Confounded Nature of Angry Men and Happy Women
Findings of 7 studies suggested that decisions about the sex of a face and the emotional expressions of anger or happiness are not independent: Participants were faster and more accurate at detecting angry expressions on male faces and at detecting happy expressions on female faces. These findings w...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of personality and social psychology 2007-02, Vol.92 (2), p.179-190 |
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| container_title | Journal of personality and social psychology |
| container_volume | 92 |
| creator | Becker, D. Vaughn Kenrick, Douglas T Neuberg, Steven L Blackwell, K. C Smith, Dylan M |
| description | Findings of 7 studies suggested that decisions about the sex of a face and the emotional expressions of anger or happiness are not independent: Participants were faster and more accurate at detecting angry expressions on male faces and at detecting happy expressions on female faces. These findings were robust across different stimulus sets and judgment tasks and indicated bottom-up perceptual processes rather than just top-down conceptually driven ones. Results from additional studies in which neutrally expressive faces were used suggested that the connections between masculine features and angry expressions and between feminine features and happy expressions might be a property of the sexual dimorphism of the face itself and not merely a result of gender stereotypes biasing the perception. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1037/0022-3514.92.2.179 |
| format | Article |
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Vaughn</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kenrick, Douglas T</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Neuberg, Steven L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Blackwell, K. C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Smith, Dylan M</creatorcontrib><title>The Confounded Nature of Angry Men and Happy Women</title><title>Journal of personality and social psychology</title><addtitle>J Pers Soc Psychol</addtitle><description>Findings of 7 studies suggested that decisions about the sex of a face and the emotional expressions of anger or happiness are not independent: Participants were faster and more accurate at detecting angry expressions on male faces and at detecting happy expressions on female faces. These findings were robust across different stimulus sets and judgment tasks and indicated bottom-up perceptual processes rather than just top-down conceptually driven ones. Results from additional studies in which neutrally expressive faces were used suggested that the connections between masculine features and angry expressions and between feminine features and happy expressions might be a property of the sexual dimorphism of the face itself and not merely a result of gender stereotypes biasing the perception.</description><subject>Anger</subject><subject>Behavior</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Confounding Factors (Epidemiology)</subject><subject>Ecological Psychology</subject><subject>Emotional expressivity</subject><subject>Emotions</subject><subject>Face</subject><subject>Face Perception</subject><subject>Facial Expression</subject><subject>Facial Expressions</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Gender differences</subject><subject>Gender differentiation</subject><subject>Gender stereotypes</subject><subject>Happiness</subject><subject>Human</subject><subject>Human Sex Differences</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Judgment</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Perception</subject><subject>Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry</subject><subject>Psychology. Psychophysiology</subject><subject>Reaction Time</subject><subject>Self Expression</subject><subject>Sex Characteristics</subject><subject>Sex Differences</subject><subject>Sex Factors</subject><subject>Sex Stereotypes</subject><subject>Social attribution, perception and cognition</subject><subject>Social Perception</subject><subject>Social psychology</subject><subject>Stereotypes</subject><subject>Stereotyping</subject><issn>0022-3514</issn><issn>1939-1315</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2007</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>7QJ</sourceid><sourceid>BHHNA</sourceid><recordid>eNqF0cFuEzEQgGELgWgovAAHtEIUThvssdfeOVZRoZUKXIo4WrNeG1JtvIudPeTtcZSISD20J1--mZH8M_ZW8KXg0nzmHKCWjVBLhCUshcFnbCFQYi2kaJ6zxX9wxl7lfM85Vw3AS3YmDBhslVowuPvjq9UYwzjH3vfVd9rOyVdjqC7j77SrvvlYUeyra5qmXfVr3Pj4mr0INGT_5vies59fru5W1_Xtj683q8vbmhrebmsIDWoyArvQEUJrGt4ZLTAQdJKHXhKJEJB3nPcExjnsdfAdaNW1Tjsvz9mnw94pjX9nn7d2s87ODwNFP87ZGgUGpEFR5MdHpW6xlRzhaSi0kqjUk1DqRjdcYYHvH8D7cU6x_EtZppQuIeRjCDi2QurWFAQH5NKYc_LBTmm9obSzgtt9b7vPafc5LYIFW3qXoXfHzXO38f1p5Bi4gIsjoOxoCImiW-eTa5VRUu2vfzg4mshOeecobddu8IXm6XTvH_EBuxc</recordid><startdate>20070201</startdate><enddate>20070201</enddate><creator>Becker, D. 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C ; Smith, Dylan M</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-a508t-2f596a719bfba928750b7619fa2b30fd3aa1ff90b00da27cc9d6feb264b8c6ce3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2007</creationdate><topic>Anger</topic><topic>Behavior</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Confounding Factors (Epidemiology)</topic><topic>Ecological Psychology</topic><topic>Emotional expressivity</topic><topic>Emotions</topic><topic>Face</topic><topic>Face Perception</topic><topic>Facial Expression</topic><topic>Facial Expressions</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. 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| subjects | Anger Behavior Biological and medical sciences Confounding Factors (Epidemiology) Ecological Psychology Emotional expressivity Emotions Face Face Perception Facial Expression Facial Expressions Female Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Gender differences Gender differentiation Gender stereotypes Happiness Human Human Sex Differences Humans Judgment Male Perception Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry Psychology. Psychophysiology Reaction Time Self Expression Sex Characteristics Sex Differences Sex Factors Sex Stereotypes Social attribution, perception and cognition Social Perception Social psychology Stereotypes Stereotyping |
| title | The Confounded Nature of Angry Men and Happy Women |
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