The Risk of Human Immunodeficiency Virus–1 Infection in Twin Pairs Born to Infected Mothers in Africa
We examined birth order and delivery route as risk factors for mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–1 in 315 twin pairs born in Malawi during 1994–1998. No antiretroviral drugs were administered to these subjects. Infections were detected by polymerase chain reaction an...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | The Journal of infectious diseases 2003-09, Vol.188 (6), p.850-855 |
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| container_title | The Journal of infectious diseases |
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| creator | Biggar, Robert J. Cassol, Sharon Kumwenda, Newton Lema, Valentino Janes, Michelle Pilon, Richard Senzani, Vincent Yellin, Frances Taha, Taha E. T. Broadhead, Robin L. |
| description | We examined birth order and delivery route as risk factors for mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–1 in 315 twin pairs born in Malawi during 1994–1998. No antiretroviral drugs were administered to these subjects. Infections were detected by polymerase chain reaction and were stratified as having occurred either in utero, perinatally, or postnatally. Risk of in utero infection for 630 infants (39 infections) did not differ by birth order (first born, 6.3%; second born, 6.0%). Similarly, in 260 vaginally delivered infants evaluated for perinatal infection (45 infections), risk did not differ by birth order (first born, 15.9%; second born, 18.7%); risk of perinatal infection was significantly lower in cesarean-delivered infants (odds ratio, 0.19 [95% confidence interval, 0.02–0.78]). There was no effect on postnatal transmission rates. Thus, in contrast to the authors of earlier studies, we did not find birth order to be an important risk factor for infection in twins. These findings indicate that birth-canal exposure is not a major contributor to a newborn’s risk of HIV-1 infection |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1086/377584 |
| format | Article |
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Similarly, in 260 vaginally delivered infants evaluated for perinatal infection (45 infections), risk did not differ by birth order (first born, 15.9%; second born, 18.7%); risk of perinatal infection was significantly lower in cesarean-delivered infants (odds ratio, 0.19 [95% confidence interval, 0.02–0.78]). There was no effect on postnatal transmission rates. Thus, in contrast to the authors of earlier studies, we did not find birth order to be an important risk factor for infection in twins. These findings indicate that birth-canal exposure is not a major contributor to a newborn’s risk of HIV-1 infection</description><identifier>ISSN: 0022-1899</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1537-6613</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1086/377584</identifier><identifier>PMID: 12964116</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JIDIAQ</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Chicago, IL: The University of Chicago Press</publisher><subject>Africa ; Biological and medical sciences ; Birth Order ; Blood ; Cesarean Section ; Delivery, Obstetric - methods ; Disease transmission ; Diseases in Twins ; Female ; HIV ; HIV 1 ; HIV Infections - transmission ; HIV-1 - isolation & purification ; HIV/AIDS ; Human viral diseases ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infants ; Infections ; Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical ; Infectious diseases ; Medical sciences ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious - virology ; Pregnancy, Multiple ; Risk Factors ; Twins ; Viral diseases ; Viral diseases of the lymphoid tissue and the blood. Aids ; Viruses</subject><ispartof>The Journal of infectious diseases, 2003-09, Vol.188 (6), p.850-855</ispartof><rights>Copyright 2003 Infectious Diseases Society of America</rights><rights>2003 by the Infectious Diseases Society of America 2003</rights><rights>2004 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright University of Chicago, acting through its Press Sep 15 2003</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c515t-1b2b21f550fa34559cc9925f7330d18695fa614ab5843f8fe586092f946a61963</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/30075628$$EPDF$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/30075628$$EHTML$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,777,781,800,27905,27906,57998,58231</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=15168665$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12964116$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Biggar, Robert J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cassol, Sharon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kumwenda, Newton</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lema, Valentino</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Janes, Michelle</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pilon, Richard</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Senzani, Vincent</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yellin, Frances</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Taha, Taha E. T.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Broadhead, Robin L.</creatorcontrib><title>The Risk of Human Immunodeficiency Virus–1 Infection in Twin Pairs Born to Infected Mothers in Africa</title><title>The Journal of infectious diseases</title><addtitle>The Journal of Infectious Diseases</addtitle><addtitle>The Journal of Infectious Diseases</addtitle><description>We examined birth order and delivery route as risk factors for mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–1 in 315 twin pairs born in Malawi during 1994–1998. No antiretroviral drugs were administered to these subjects. Infections were detected by polymerase chain reaction and were stratified as having occurred either in utero, perinatally, or postnatally. Risk of in utero infection for 630 infants (39 infections) did not differ by birth order (first born, 6.3%; second born, 6.0%). Similarly, in 260 vaginally delivered infants evaluated for perinatal infection (45 infections), risk did not differ by birth order (first born, 15.9%; second born, 18.7%); risk of perinatal infection was significantly lower in cesarean-delivered infants (odds ratio, 0.19 [95% confidence interval, 0.02–0.78]). There was no effect on postnatal transmission rates. Thus, in contrast to the authors of earlier studies, we did not find birth order to be an important risk factor for infection in twins. These findings indicate that birth-canal exposure is not a major contributor to a newborn’s risk of HIV-1 infection</description><subject>Africa</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Birth Order</subject><subject>Blood</subject><subject>Cesarean Section</subject><subject>Delivery, Obstetric - methods</subject><subject>Disease transmission</subject><subject>Diseases in Twins</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>HIV</subject><subject>HIV 1</subject><subject>HIV Infections - transmission</subject><subject>HIV-1 - isolation & purification</subject><subject>HIV/AIDS</subject><subject>Human viral diseases</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Infant, Newborn</subject><subject>Infants</subject><subject>Infections</subject><subject>Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical</subject><subject>Infectious diseases</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Pregnancy</subject><subject>Pregnancy Complications, Infectious - virology</subject><subject>Pregnancy, Multiple</subject><subject>Risk Factors</subject><subject>Twins</subject><subject>Viral diseases</subject><subject>Viral diseases of the lymphoid tissue and the blood. Aids</subject><subject>Viruses</subject><issn>0022-1899</issn><issn>1537-6613</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2003</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqF0d2KEzEUB_AgiltXfQMlCno3mo_J1-VadFvYqmiVxZuQpombbiepyQy6d76Db-iTmGXKFgTxJoH8f5xwzgHgIUYvMJL8JRWCyfYWmGBGRcM5prfBBCFCGiyVOgL3StkghFrKxV1whIniLcZ8Ar4uLxz8EMolTB7Ohs5EOO-6Iaa188EGF-0V_BzyUH7__IXhPHpn-5AiDBEuv9fjvQm5wFcpR9infe7WcJH6C1eDKk58DtbcB3e82Rb3YH8fg09vXi-ns-bs3el8enLWWIZZ3-AVWRHsGUPe0JYxZa1ShHlBKVpjyRXzhuPWrGqz1EvvmORIEa9aXt8Vp8fg-Vh3l9O3wZVed6FYt92a6NJQtKCcYi7kfyGWUgpBVIVP_4KbNORYm9CEUIVb3IpDNZtTKdl5vcuhM_lKY6SvF6THBVX4eF9tWHVufWD7jVTwbA9MsWbrs4k2lINjmEvOWXVPRpeG3b8_ezSaTelTvlEUIcE4uZ5BM-ah9O7HTW7ypeaCCqZn51_04uPbxfkpJ3pK_wCST7f-</recordid><startdate>20030915</startdate><enddate>20030915</enddate><creator>Biggar, Robert J.</creator><creator>Cassol, Sharon</creator><creator>Kumwenda, Newton</creator><creator>Lema, Valentino</creator><creator>Janes, Michelle</creator><creator>Pilon, Richard</creator><creator>Senzani, Vincent</creator><creator>Yellin, Frances</creator><creator>Taha, Taha E. T.</creator><creator>Broadhead, Robin L.</creator><general>The University of Chicago Press</general><general>University of Chicago Press</general><general>Oxford University Press</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20030915</creationdate><title>The Risk of Human Immunodeficiency Virus–1 Infection in Twin Pairs Born to Infected Mothers in Africa</title><author>Biggar, Robert J. ; Cassol, Sharon ; Kumwenda, Newton ; Lema, Valentino ; Janes, Michelle ; Pilon, Richard ; Senzani, Vincent ; Yellin, Frances ; Taha, Taha E. T. ; Broadhead, Robin L.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c515t-1b2b21f550fa34559cc9925f7330d18695fa614ab5843f8fe586092f946a61963</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2003</creationdate><topic>Africa</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Birth Order</topic><topic>Blood</topic><topic>Cesarean Section</topic><topic>Delivery, Obstetric - methods</topic><topic>Disease transmission</topic><topic>Diseases in Twins</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>HIV</topic><topic>HIV 1</topic><topic>HIV Infections - transmission</topic><topic>HIV-1 - isolation & purification</topic><topic>HIV/AIDS</topic><topic>Human viral diseases</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Infant, Newborn</topic><topic>Infants</topic><topic>Infections</topic><topic>Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical</topic><topic>Infectious diseases</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Pregnancy</topic><topic>Pregnancy Complications, Infectious - virology</topic><topic>Pregnancy, Multiple</topic><topic>Risk Factors</topic><topic>Twins</topic><topic>Viral diseases</topic><topic>Viral diseases of the lymphoid tissue and the blood. 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T.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Broadhead, Robin L.</creatorcontrib><collection>Istex</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>The Journal of infectious diseases</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Biggar, Robert J.</au><au>Cassol, Sharon</au><au>Kumwenda, Newton</au><au>Lema, Valentino</au><au>Janes, Michelle</au><au>Pilon, Richard</au><au>Senzani, Vincent</au><au>Yellin, Frances</au><au>Taha, Taha E. T.</au><au>Broadhead, Robin L.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The Risk of Human Immunodeficiency Virus–1 Infection in Twin Pairs Born to Infected Mothers in Africa</atitle><jtitle>The Journal of infectious diseases</jtitle><stitle>The Journal of Infectious Diseases</stitle><addtitle>The Journal of Infectious Diseases</addtitle><date>2003-09-15</date><risdate>2003</risdate><volume>188</volume><issue>6</issue><spage>850</spage><epage>855</epage><pages>850-855</pages><issn>0022-1899</issn><eissn>1537-6613</eissn><coden>JIDIAQ</coden><abstract>We examined birth order and delivery route as risk factors for mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–1 in 315 twin pairs born in Malawi during 1994–1998. No antiretroviral drugs were administered to these subjects. Infections were detected by polymerase chain reaction and were stratified as having occurred either in utero, perinatally, or postnatally. Risk of in utero infection for 630 infants (39 infections) did not differ by birth order (first born, 6.3%; second born, 6.0%). Similarly, in 260 vaginally delivered infants evaluated for perinatal infection (45 infections), risk did not differ by birth order (first born, 15.9%; second born, 18.7%); risk of perinatal infection was significantly lower in cesarean-delivered infants (odds ratio, 0.19 [95% confidence interval, 0.02–0.78]). There was no effect on postnatal transmission rates. Thus, in contrast to the authors of earlier studies, we did not find birth order to be an important risk factor for infection in twins. These findings indicate that birth-canal exposure is not a major contributor to a newborn’s risk of HIV-1 infection</abstract><cop>Chicago, IL</cop><pub>The University of Chicago Press</pub><pmid>12964116</pmid><doi>10.1086/377584</doi><tpages>6</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | The Journal of infectious diseases, 2003-09, Vol.188 (6), p.850-855 |
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| source | MEDLINE; Jstor Complete Legacy; Oxford University Press Journals All Titles (1996-Current); Alma/SFX Local Collection |
| subjects | Africa Biological and medical sciences Birth Order Blood Cesarean Section Delivery, Obstetric - methods Disease transmission Diseases in Twins Female HIV HIV 1 HIV Infections - transmission HIV-1 - isolation & purification HIV/AIDS Human viral diseases Humans Infant, Newborn Infants Infections Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical Infectious diseases Medical sciences Pregnancy Pregnancy Complications, Infectious - virology Pregnancy, Multiple Risk Factors Twins Viral diseases Viral diseases of the lymphoid tissue and the blood. Aids Viruses |
| title | The Risk of Human Immunodeficiency Virus–1 Infection in Twin Pairs Born to Infected Mothers in Africa |
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