Green Alga, Cladophora, Promotes Escherichia coli Growth and Contamination of Recreational Waters in Lake Michigan
A linkage between Cladophora mats and exceedances of recreational water quality criteria has been suggested, but not directly studied. This study investigates the spatial and temporal association between Escherichia coli concentrations within and near Cladophora mats at two northwestern Lake Michiga...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of environmental quality 2010-01, Vol.39 (1), p.333-344 |
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| creator | Heuvel, Amy Vanden McDermott, Colleen Pillsbury, Robert Sandrin, Todd Kinzelman, Julie Ferguson, John Sadowsky, Michael Byappanahalli, Muruleedhara Whitman, Richard Kleinheinz, Gregory T |
| description | A linkage between Cladophora mats and exceedances of recreational water quality criteria has been suggested, but not directly studied. This study investigates the spatial and temporal association between Escherichia coli concentrations within and near Cladophora mats at two northwestern Lake Michigan beaches in Door County, Wisconsin. Escherichia coli concentrations in water underlying mats were significantly greater than surrounding water (p < 0.001). Below mat E. coli increased as the stranded mats persisted at the beach swash zone. Water adjacent to Cladophora mats had lower E. coli concentrations, but surpassed EPA swimming criteria the majority of sampling days. A significant positive association was found between E. coli concentrations attached to Cladophora and in underlying water (p < 0.001). The attached E. coli likely acted as a reservoir for populating water underlying the mat. Fecal bacterial pathogens, however, could not be detected by microbiological culture methods either attached to mat biomass or in underlying water. Removal of Cladophora mats from beach areas may improve aesthetic and microbial water quality at affected beaches. These associations and potential natural growth of E. coli in bathing waters call into question the efficacy of using E. coli as a recreational water quality indicator of fecal contaminations. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.2134/jeq2009.0152 |
| format | Article |
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This study investigates the spatial and temporal association between Escherichia coli concentrations within and near Cladophora mats at two northwestern Lake Michigan beaches in Door County, Wisconsin. Escherichia coli concentrations in water underlying mats were significantly greater than surrounding water (p < 0.001). Below mat E. coli increased as the stranded mats persisted at the beach swash zone. Water adjacent to Cladophora mats had lower E. coli concentrations, but surpassed EPA swimming criteria the majority of sampling days. A significant positive association was found between E. coli concentrations attached to Cladophora and in underlying water (p < 0.001). The attached E. coli likely acted as a reservoir for populating water underlying the mat. Fecal bacterial pathogens, however, could not be detected by microbiological culture methods either attached to mat biomass or in underlying water. Removal of Cladophora mats from beach areas may improve aesthetic and microbial water quality at affected beaches. These associations and potential natural growth of E. coli in bathing waters call into question the efficacy of using E. coli as a recreational water quality indicator of fecal contaminations.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0047-2425</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1537-2537</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.2134/jeq2009.0152</identifier><identifier>PMID: 20048321</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JEVQAA</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Madison: American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, Soil Science Society</publisher><subject>animal pathogenic bacteria ; aquatic habitat ; Aquatic plants ; Bacteria ; bacterial contamination ; Bathing Beaches ; Beaches ; Chlorophyta - physiology ; Cladophora ; Criteria ; E coli ; Escherichia coli ; Escherichia coli - growth & development ; fecal contamination ; feces ; Fresh Water - microbiology ; indicator species ; Lakes ; Mats ; microbial growth ; Microbiological culture ; Microbiology ; Microorganisms ; recreation ; Recreational waters ; spatial distribution ; spatial variation ; Swimming ; temporal variation ; Water Microbiology - standards ; Water Pollution ; Water quality ; water quality criteria ; Wisconsin</subject><ispartof>Journal of environmental quality, 2010-01, Vol.39 (1), p.333-344</ispartof><rights>American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America</rights><rights>Copyright American Society of Agronomy Jan/Feb 2010</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5182-1950db89989af3c959e9e68cdd616d38be8ed3571d085109ad214c9d1fa84c443</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5182-1950db89989af3c959e9e68cdd616d38be8ed3571d085109ad214c9d1fa84c443</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.2134%2Fjeq2009.0152$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.2134%2Fjeq2009.0152$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,1417,27924,27925,45574,45575</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20048321$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Heuvel, Amy Vanden</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>McDermott, Colleen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pillsbury, Robert</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sandrin, Todd</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kinzelman, Julie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ferguson, John</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sadowsky, Michael</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Byappanahalli, Muruleedhara</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Whitman, Richard</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kleinheinz, Gregory T</creatorcontrib><title>Green Alga, Cladophora, Promotes Escherichia coli Growth and Contamination of Recreational Waters in Lake Michigan</title><title>Journal of environmental quality</title><addtitle>J Environ Qual</addtitle><description>A linkage between Cladophora mats and exceedances of recreational water quality criteria has been suggested, but not directly studied. This study investigates the spatial and temporal association between Escherichia coli concentrations within and near Cladophora mats at two northwestern Lake Michigan beaches in Door County, Wisconsin. Escherichia coli concentrations in water underlying mats were significantly greater than surrounding water (p < 0.001). Below mat E. coli increased as the stranded mats persisted at the beach swash zone. Water adjacent to Cladophora mats had lower E. coli concentrations, but surpassed EPA swimming criteria the majority of sampling days. A significant positive association was found between E. coli concentrations attached to Cladophora and in underlying water (p < 0.001). The attached E. coli likely acted as a reservoir for populating water underlying the mat. Fecal bacterial pathogens, however, could not be detected by microbiological culture methods either attached to mat biomass or in underlying water. Removal of Cladophora mats from beach areas may improve aesthetic and microbial water quality at affected beaches. These associations and potential natural growth of E. coli in bathing waters call into question the efficacy of using E. coli as a recreational water quality indicator of fecal contaminations.</description><subject>animal pathogenic bacteria</subject><subject>aquatic habitat</subject><subject>Aquatic plants</subject><subject>Bacteria</subject><subject>bacterial contamination</subject><subject>Bathing Beaches</subject><subject>Beaches</subject><subject>Chlorophyta - physiology</subject><subject>Cladophora</subject><subject>Criteria</subject><subject>E coli</subject><subject>Escherichia coli</subject><subject>Escherichia coli - growth & development</subject><subject>fecal contamination</subject><subject>feces</subject><subject>Fresh Water - microbiology</subject><subject>indicator species</subject><subject>Lakes</subject><subject>Mats</subject><subject>microbial growth</subject><subject>Microbiological culture</subject><subject>Microbiology</subject><subject>Microorganisms</subject><subject>recreation</subject><subject>Recreational waters</subject><subject>spatial distribution</subject><subject>spatial variation</subject><subject>Swimming</subject><subject>temporal variation</subject><subject>Water Microbiology - standards</subject><subject>Water Pollution</subject><subject>Water quality</subject><subject>water quality criteria</subject><subject>Wisconsin</subject><issn>0047-2425</issn><issn>1537-2537</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2010</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>8G5</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>GUQSH</sourceid><sourceid>M2O</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkk2P0zAQhi0EYsvCjTNYHIDDdvH4I7GPq6oUUBGfK46Ra0_alCTu2qlW--9xaOHAoRxsj61n3teaGUKeArvkIOSbLd5wxswlA8XvkQkoUU553u6TCWMyx5KrM_IopS1jwFlZPCRnOUFqwWFC4iIi9vSqXdsLOmutD7tNiDn-HEMXBkx0ntwGY-M2jaUutA1dxHA7bKjtPZ2FfrBd09uhCT0NNf2KLuLvm23pDztgTLTp6dL-RPpx1Fjb_jF5UNs24ZPjeU6u386_z95Nl58W72dXy6lToPkUjGJ-pY3RxtbCGWXQYKGd9wUUXugVavRCleCZVsCM9RykMx5qq6WTUpyTVwfdXQw3e0xD1TXJYdvaHsM-VaWQnDPNIJMvT5KikAJYUf4XzA1hvFQ6g69PglBkbxh_n9EX_6DbsI-5ftlXlqo0DFiGLg6QiyGliHW1i01n410FbHSV1XEMqnEMMv7sqLlfdej_wn_6ngFzAG6bFu9OilUf5l_4uPLDUfz5Ibe2obLr2KTq-hvPZWRQci6MFr8ALv3FTQ</recordid><startdate>201001</startdate><enddate>201001</enddate><creator>Heuvel, Amy Vanden</creator><creator>McDermott, Colleen</creator><creator>Pillsbury, Robert</creator><creator>Sandrin, Todd</creator><creator>Kinzelman, Julie</creator><creator>Ferguson, John</creator><creator>Sadowsky, Michael</creator><creator>Byappanahalli, Muruleedhara</creator><creator>Whitman, Richard</creator><creator>Kleinheinz, Gregory T</creator><general>American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, Soil Science Society</general><general>American Society of Agronomy</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>88I</scope><scope>8AF</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8G5</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>GUQSH</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2O</scope><scope>M2P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>MBDVC</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>S0X</scope><scope>SOI</scope><scope>7SU</scope><scope>KR7</scope><scope>7QH</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7UA</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>H97</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>201001</creationdate><title>Green Alga, Cladophora, Promotes Escherichia coli Growth and Contamination of Recreational Waters in Lake Michigan</title><author>Heuvel, Amy Vanden ; McDermott, Colleen ; Pillsbury, Robert ; Sandrin, Todd ; Kinzelman, Julie ; Ferguson, John ; Sadowsky, Michael ; Byappanahalli, Muruleedhara ; Whitman, Richard ; Kleinheinz, Gregory T</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c5182-1950db89989af3c959e9e68cdd616d38be8ed3571d085109ad214c9d1fa84c443</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2010</creationdate><topic>animal pathogenic bacteria</topic><topic>aquatic habitat</topic><topic>Aquatic plants</topic><topic>Bacteria</topic><topic>bacterial contamination</topic><topic>Bathing Beaches</topic><topic>Beaches</topic><topic>Chlorophyta - 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This study investigates the spatial and temporal association between Escherichia coli concentrations within and near Cladophora mats at two northwestern Lake Michigan beaches in Door County, Wisconsin. Escherichia coli concentrations in water underlying mats were significantly greater than surrounding water (p < 0.001). Below mat E. coli increased as the stranded mats persisted at the beach swash zone. Water adjacent to Cladophora mats had lower E. coli concentrations, but surpassed EPA swimming criteria the majority of sampling days. A significant positive association was found between E. coli concentrations attached to Cladophora and in underlying water (p < 0.001). The attached E. coli likely acted as a reservoir for populating water underlying the mat. Fecal bacterial pathogens, however, could not be detected by microbiological culture methods either attached to mat biomass or in underlying water. 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| ispartof | Journal of environmental quality, 2010-01, Vol.39 (1), p.333-344 |
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| source | MEDLINE; Wiley Journals |
| subjects | animal pathogenic bacteria aquatic habitat Aquatic plants Bacteria bacterial contamination Bathing Beaches Beaches Chlorophyta - physiology Cladophora Criteria E coli Escherichia coli Escherichia coli - growth & development fecal contamination feces Fresh Water - microbiology indicator species Lakes Mats microbial growth Microbiological culture Microbiology Microorganisms recreation Recreational waters spatial distribution spatial variation Swimming temporal variation Water Microbiology - standards Water Pollution Water quality water quality criteria Wisconsin |
| title | Green Alga, Cladophora, Promotes Escherichia coli Growth and Contamination of Recreational Waters in Lake Michigan |
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