Steady state growth space study of Lactococcus lactis in D-stat cultures
Growth space of Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis IL1403 was studied at constant growth rate using D-stat cultivation technique. Starting from steady state conditions in a chemostat culture (μ = 0.2 h⁻¹), the pH and/or temperature were continuously changed in the range of 5.4-6.4 and 26-34°C, respect...
Gespeichert in:
Veröffentlicht in: | Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 2009-11, Vol.96 (4), p.487-496 |
---|---|
Hauptverfasser: | , , , , , |
Format: | Artikel |
Sprache: | eng |
Schlagworte: | |
Online-Zugang: | Volltext |
Tags: |
Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
|
container_end_page | 496 |
---|---|
container_issue | 4 |
container_start_page | 487 |
container_title | Antonie van Leeuwenhoek |
container_volume | 96 |
creator | Lahtvee, Petri-Jaan Valgepea, Kaspar Nahku, Ranno Abner, Kristo Adamberg, Kaarel Vilu, Raivo |
description | Growth space of Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis IL1403 was studied at constant growth rate using D-stat cultivation technique. Starting from steady state conditions in a chemostat culture (μ = 0.2 h⁻¹), the pH and/or temperature were continuously changed in the range of 5.4-6.4 and 26-34°C, respectively, followed by the return to the initial environmental conditions. Based on substrate consumption and product formation yields and expression changes of 1,920 genes, it was shown that changes of physiological state were not dependent on the direction of movement (from pH 6.3 to 5.4 or from 5.4 to 6.3), showing that quasi steady state values in D-stat corresponded to the steady state values in chemostats. Relative standard deviation of growth characteristics in triplicate D-stat experiments was below 10%. Continuing the experiment and reestablishing initial growth conditions revealed in average 7% difference (hysteresis) in growth characteristics when comparing chemostat steady state cultures prior and after the change of environmental conditions. Similarly, shifts were also seen at gene expression levels. The large amount of quantitatively reliable data obtained in this study provided a new insight into dynamic properties of bacterial physiology, and can be used for describing the growth space of microorganisms by modeling cell metabolism. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s10482-009-9363-2 |
format | Article |
fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_734184536</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>1884175811</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c455t-6bffb0b6c742e6a16a038b1f826aa55737e9168ddefb8858cf1b676ea04077443</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp9kUtv1DAUhS0EosPAD2ADERKwMlxfO34sUQu00khdlK4tx2MPqTLxYCdC_ff1KCMqsejKj_udc-1zCXnL4AsDUF8LA6GRAhhquOQUn5EVaxVSI415TlYAwKkEhWfkVSl39WikVi_JGTMSOGqxIpc3U3Db-6ZMbgrNLqe_0--mHJwP9WquhRSbjfNT8sn7uTRD3fel6cfmgh41jZ-Hac6hvCYvohtKeHNa1-T2x_df55d0c_3z6vzbhnrRthOVXYwddNIrgUE6Jh1w3bGoUTrXtoqrYJjU222Indat9pF1UsngQIBSQvA1-bz4HnL6M4cy2X1ffBgGN4Y0F6u4YFq0NY41-fQkiQxRIKoKfvgPvEtzHusvLHJAaJViFWIL5HMqJYdoD7nfu3xvGdjjNOwyDVtDtsdpVO2avDsZz90-bB8Vp_gr8PEEuOLdELMbfV_-cYggTXWtHC5cqaVxF_LjC5_q_n4RRZes2-VqfHuDwDgwaYTSwB8ADaipMw</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>230205771</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Steady state growth space study of Lactococcus lactis in D-stat cultures</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>SpringerLink Journals - AutoHoldings</source><creator>Lahtvee, Petri-Jaan ; Valgepea, Kaspar ; Nahku, Ranno ; Abner, Kristo ; Adamberg, Kaarel ; Vilu, Raivo</creator><creatorcontrib>Lahtvee, Petri-Jaan ; Valgepea, Kaspar ; Nahku, Ranno ; Abner, Kristo ; Adamberg, Kaarel ; Vilu, Raivo</creatorcontrib><description>Growth space of Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis IL1403 was studied at constant growth rate using D-stat cultivation technique. Starting from steady state conditions in a chemostat culture (μ = 0.2 h⁻¹), the pH and/or temperature were continuously changed in the range of 5.4-6.4 and 26-34°C, respectively, followed by the return to the initial environmental conditions. Based on substrate consumption and product formation yields and expression changes of 1,920 genes, it was shown that changes of physiological state were not dependent on the direction of movement (from pH 6.3 to 5.4 or from 5.4 to 6.3), showing that quasi steady state values in D-stat corresponded to the steady state values in chemostats. Relative standard deviation of growth characteristics in triplicate D-stat experiments was below 10%. Continuing the experiment and reestablishing initial growth conditions revealed in average 7% difference (hysteresis) in growth characteristics when comparing chemostat steady state cultures prior and after the change of environmental conditions. Similarly, shifts were also seen at gene expression levels. The large amount of quantitatively reliable data obtained in this study provided a new insight into dynamic properties of bacterial physiology, and can be used for describing the growth space of microorganisms by modeling cell metabolism.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0003-6072</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1572-9699</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s10482-009-9363-2</identifier><identifier>PMID: 19603284</identifier><identifier>CODEN: ANLEDR</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Dordrecht: Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands</publisher><subject>Bacteria ; Bacterial physiology ; Bacteriology ; Biological and medical sciences ; Biology of microorganisms of confirmed or potential industrial interest ; Biomedical and Life Sciences ; Biotechnology ; Cell culture ; Chemostats ; Continuous culture ; Cultivation techniques ; Data processing ; Environmental changes ; Environmental conditions ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Growth conditions ; Growth rate ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Hysteresis ; Lactococcus lactis ; Lactococcus lactis - growth & development ; Life Sciences ; Medical Microbiology ; Metabolism ; Microbiology ; Microorganisms ; Miscellaneous ; Mission oriented research ; Original Paper ; pH effects ; Physiology ; Physiology and metabolism ; Plant Sciences ; Soil Science & Conservation ; Standard deviation ; Stress, Physiological ; Temperature ; Temperature effects</subject><ispartof>Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, 2009-11, Vol.96 (4), p.487-496</ispartof><rights>Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2009</rights><rights>2015 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c455t-6bffb0b6c742e6a16a038b1f826aa55737e9168ddefb8858cf1b676ea04077443</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c455t-6bffb0b6c742e6a16a038b1f826aa55737e9168ddefb8858cf1b676ea04077443</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10482-009-9363-2$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10482-009-9363-2$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,777,781,27906,27907,41470,42539,51301</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=22069104$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19603284$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Lahtvee, Petri-Jaan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Valgepea, Kaspar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nahku, Ranno</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Abner, Kristo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Adamberg, Kaarel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vilu, Raivo</creatorcontrib><title>Steady state growth space study of Lactococcus lactis in D-stat cultures</title><title>Antonie van Leeuwenhoek</title><addtitle>Antonie van Leeuwenhoek</addtitle><addtitle>Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek</addtitle><description>Growth space of Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis IL1403 was studied at constant growth rate using D-stat cultivation technique. Starting from steady state conditions in a chemostat culture (μ = 0.2 h⁻¹), the pH and/or temperature were continuously changed in the range of 5.4-6.4 and 26-34°C, respectively, followed by the return to the initial environmental conditions. Based on substrate consumption and product formation yields and expression changes of 1,920 genes, it was shown that changes of physiological state were not dependent on the direction of movement (from pH 6.3 to 5.4 or from 5.4 to 6.3), showing that quasi steady state values in D-stat corresponded to the steady state values in chemostats. Relative standard deviation of growth characteristics in triplicate D-stat experiments was below 10%. Continuing the experiment and reestablishing initial growth conditions revealed in average 7% difference (hysteresis) in growth characteristics when comparing chemostat steady state cultures prior and after the change of environmental conditions. Similarly, shifts were also seen at gene expression levels. The large amount of quantitatively reliable data obtained in this study provided a new insight into dynamic properties of bacterial physiology, and can be used for describing the growth space of microorganisms by modeling cell metabolism.</description><subject>Bacteria</subject><subject>Bacterial physiology</subject><subject>Bacteriology</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Biology of microorganisms of confirmed or potential industrial interest</subject><subject>Biomedical and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Biotechnology</subject><subject>Cell culture</subject><subject>Chemostats</subject><subject>Continuous culture</subject><subject>Cultivation techniques</subject><subject>Data processing</subject><subject>Environmental changes</subject><subject>Environmental conditions</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Gene Expression Profiling</subject><subject>Growth conditions</subject><subject>Growth rate</subject><subject>Hydrogen-Ion Concentration</subject><subject>Hysteresis</subject><subject>Lactococcus lactis</subject><subject>Lactococcus lactis - growth & development</subject><subject>Life Sciences</subject><subject>Medical Microbiology</subject><subject>Metabolism</subject><subject>Microbiology</subject><subject>Microorganisms</subject><subject>Miscellaneous</subject><subject>Mission oriented research</subject><subject>Original Paper</subject><subject>pH effects</subject><subject>Physiology</subject><subject>Physiology and metabolism</subject><subject>Plant Sciences</subject><subject>Soil Science & Conservation</subject><subject>Standard deviation</subject><subject>Stress, Physiological</subject><subject>Temperature</subject><subject>Temperature effects</subject><issn>0003-6072</issn><issn>1572-9699</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2009</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kUtv1DAUhS0EosPAD2ADERKwMlxfO34sUQu00khdlK4tx2MPqTLxYCdC_ff1KCMqsejKj_udc-1zCXnL4AsDUF8LA6GRAhhquOQUn5EVaxVSI415TlYAwKkEhWfkVSl39WikVi_JGTMSOGqxIpc3U3Db-6ZMbgrNLqe_0--mHJwP9WquhRSbjfNT8sn7uTRD3fel6cfmgh41jZ-Hac6hvCYvohtKeHNa1-T2x_df55d0c_3z6vzbhnrRthOVXYwddNIrgUE6Jh1w3bGoUTrXtoqrYJjU222Indat9pF1UsngQIBSQvA1-bz4HnL6M4cy2X1ffBgGN4Y0F6u4YFq0NY41-fQkiQxRIKoKfvgPvEtzHusvLHJAaJViFWIL5HMqJYdoD7nfu3xvGdjjNOwyDVtDtsdpVO2avDsZz90-bB8Vp_gr8PEEuOLdELMbfV_-cYggTXWtHC5cqaVxF_LjC5_q_n4RRZes2-VqfHuDwDgwaYTSwB8ADaipMw</recordid><startdate>20091101</startdate><enddate>20091101</enddate><creator>Lahtvee, Petri-Jaan</creator><creator>Valgepea, Kaspar</creator><creator>Nahku, Ranno</creator><creator>Abner, Kristo</creator><creator>Adamberg, Kaarel</creator><creator>Vilu, Raivo</creator><general>Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands</general><general>Springer Netherlands</general><general>Springer</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88A</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>88I</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20091101</creationdate><title>Steady state growth space study of Lactococcus lactis in D-stat cultures</title><author>Lahtvee, Petri-Jaan ; Valgepea, Kaspar ; Nahku, Ranno ; Abner, Kristo ; Adamberg, Kaarel ; Vilu, Raivo</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c455t-6bffb0b6c742e6a16a038b1f826aa55737e9168ddefb8858cf1b676ea04077443</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2009</creationdate><topic>Bacteria</topic><topic>Bacterial physiology</topic><topic>Bacteriology</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Biology of microorganisms of confirmed or potential industrial interest</topic><topic>Biomedical and Life Sciences</topic><topic>Biotechnology</topic><topic>Cell culture</topic><topic>Chemostats</topic><topic>Continuous culture</topic><topic>Cultivation techniques</topic><topic>Data processing</topic><topic>Environmental changes</topic><topic>Environmental conditions</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>Gene Expression Profiling</topic><topic>Growth conditions</topic><topic>Growth rate</topic><topic>Hydrogen-Ion Concentration</topic><topic>Hysteresis</topic><topic>Lactococcus lactis</topic><topic>Lactococcus lactis - growth & development</topic><topic>Life Sciences</topic><topic>Medical Microbiology</topic><topic>Metabolism</topic><topic>Microbiology</topic><topic>Microorganisms</topic><topic>Miscellaneous</topic><topic>Mission oriented research</topic><topic>Original Paper</topic><topic>pH effects</topic><topic>Physiology</topic><topic>Physiology and metabolism</topic><topic>Plant Sciences</topic><topic>Soil Science & Conservation</topic><topic>Standard deviation</topic><topic>Stress, Physiological</topic><topic>Temperature</topic><topic>Temperature effects</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Lahtvee, Petri-Jaan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Valgepea, Kaspar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nahku, Ranno</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Abner, Kristo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Adamberg, Kaarel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vilu, Raivo</creatorcontrib><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Biology Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Science Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Sustainability</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Science Database</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Antonie van Leeuwenhoek</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Lahtvee, Petri-Jaan</au><au>Valgepea, Kaspar</au><au>Nahku, Ranno</au><au>Abner, Kristo</au><au>Adamberg, Kaarel</au><au>Vilu, Raivo</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Steady state growth space study of Lactococcus lactis in D-stat cultures</atitle><jtitle>Antonie van Leeuwenhoek</jtitle><stitle>Antonie van Leeuwenhoek</stitle><addtitle>Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek</addtitle><date>2009-11-01</date><risdate>2009</risdate><volume>96</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>487</spage><epage>496</epage><pages>487-496</pages><issn>0003-6072</issn><eissn>1572-9699</eissn><coden>ANLEDR</coden><abstract>Growth space of Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis IL1403 was studied at constant growth rate using D-stat cultivation technique. Starting from steady state conditions in a chemostat culture (μ = 0.2 h⁻¹), the pH and/or temperature were continuously changed in the range of 5.4-6.4 and 26-34°C, respectively, followed by the return to the initial environmental conditions. Based on substrate consumption and product formation yields and expression changes of 1,920 genes, it was shown that changes of physiological state were not dependent on the direction of movement (from pH 6.3 to 5.4 or from 5.4 to 6.3), showing that quasi steady state values in D-stat corresponded to the steady state values in chemostats. Relative standard deviation of growth characteristics in triplicate D-stat experiments was below 10%. Continuing the experiment and reestablishing initial growth conditions revealed in average 7% difference (hysteresis) in growth characteristics when comparing chemostat steady state cultures prior and after the change of environmental conditions. Similarly, shifts were also seen at gene expression levels. The large amount of quantitatively reliable data obtained in this study provided a new insight into dynamic properties of bacterial physiology, and can be used for describing the growth space of microorganisms by modeling cell metabolism.</abstract><cop>Dordrecht</cop><pub>Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands</pub><pmid>19603284</pmid><doi>10.1007/s10482-009-9363-2</doi><tpages>10</tpages></addata></record> |
fulltext | fulltext |
identifier | ISSN: 0003-6072 |
ispartof | Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, 2009-11, Vol.96 (4), p.487-496 |
issn | 0003-6072 1572-9699 |
language | eng |
recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_734184536 |
source | MEDLINE; SpringerLink Journals - AutoHoldings |
subjects | Bacteria Bacterial physiology Bacteriology Biological and medical sciences Biology of microorganisms of confirmed or potential industrial interest Biomedical and Life Sciences Biotechnology Cell culture Chemostats Continuous culture Cultivation techniques Data processing Environmental changes Environmental conditions Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Gene Expression Profiling Growth conditions Growth rate Hydrogen-Ion Concentration Hysteresis Lactococcus lactis Lactococcus lactis - growth & development Life Sciences Medical Microbiology Metabolism Microbiology Microorganisms Miscellaneous Mission oriented research Original Paper pH effects Physiology Physiology and metabolism Plant Sciences Soil Science & Conservation Standard deviation Stress, Physiological Temperature Temperature effects |
title | Steady state growth space study of Lactococcus lactis in D-stat cultures |
url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-17T10%3A15%3A52IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_cross&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Steady%20state%20growth%20space%20study%20of%20Lactococcus%20lactis%20in%20D-stat%20cultures&rft.jtitle=Antonie%20van%20Leeuwenhoek&rft.au=Lahtvee,%20Petri-Jaan&rft.date=2009-11-01&rft.volume=96&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=487&rft.epage=496&rft.pages=487-496&rft.issn=0003-6072&rft.eissn=1572-9699&rft.coden=ANLEDR&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007/s10482-009-9363-2&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_cross%3E1884175811%3C/proquest_cross%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=230205771&rft_id=info:pmid/19603284&rfr_iscdi=true |