Fungi evolved right on track
Dating of fungal divergences with molecular clocks thus far has yielded highly inconsistent results. The origin of fungi was estimated at between 660 million and up to 2.15 billion y ago, and the divergence of the two major lineages of higher fungi, Ascomycota and Basidiomycota, at between 390 milli...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Mycologia 2009-11, Vol.101 (6), p.810-822 |
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| container_title | Mycologia |
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| creator | Lucking, Robert Huhndorf, Sabine Pfister, Donald H Plata, Eimy Rivas Lumbsch, H. Thorsten |
| description | Dating of fungal divergences with molecular clocks thus far has yielded highly inconsistent results. The origin of fungi was estimated at between 660 million and up to 2.15 billion y ago, and the divergence of the two major lineages of higher fungi, Ascomycota and Basidiomycota, at between 390 million y and up to 1.5 billion y ago. Assuming that these inconsistencies stem from various causes, we reassessed the systematic placement of the most important fungal fossil, Paleopyrenomycites, and recalibrated internally unconstrained, published molecular clock trees by applying uniform calibration points. As a result the origin of fungi was re-estimated at between 760 million and 1.06 billion y ago and the origin of the Ascomycota at 500-650 million y ago. These dates are much more consistent than previous estimates, even if based on the same phylogenies and molecular clock trees, and they are also much better in line with the fossil record of fungi and plants and the ecological interdependence between filamentous fungi and land plants. Our results do not provide evidence to suggest the existence of ancient protolichens as an alternative to explain the ecology of early terrestrial fungi in the absence of land plants. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3852/09-016 |
| format | Article |
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These dates are much more consistent than previous estimates, even if based on the same phylogenies and molecular clock trees, and they are also much better in line with the fossil record of fungi and plants and the ecological interdependence between filamentous fungi and land plants. Our results do not provide evidence to suggest the existence of ancient protolichens as an alternative to explain the ecology of early terrestrial fungi in the absence of land plants.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0027-5514</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1557-2536</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3852/09-016</identifier><identifier>PMID: 19927746</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: Taylor & Francis</publisher><subject>Aerial parts ; Ascomycota ; Ascomycota - classification ; Ascomycota - genetics ; Calibration ; Ecosystem ; Ediacaran ; Eurotiomycetes ; Evolution ; Evolution, Molecular ; Fossils ; Fungi ; Late Proterozoic ; Lecanoromycetes ; Models, Genetic ; Molecular evolution ; Molecular Evolution and Systematics ; Paleopyrenomycites ; Parasitism ; Pezizomycotina ; Phylogenetics ; Phylogeny ; protolichens ; Sordariomycetes ; Time Factors ; Vendian</subject><ispartof>Mycologia, 2009-11, Vol.101 (6), p.810-822</ispartof><rights>2009 by The Mycological Society of America 2009</rights><rights>Copyright 2009 The Mycological Society of America</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c428t-fdf035739a032015718e49fee16d30d5f581e4a860ce2f2c5d93863848a2f52c3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c428t-fdf035739a032015718e49fee16d30d5f581e4a860ce2f2c5d93863848a2f52c3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/20619245$$EPDF$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/20619245$$EHTML$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,799,27901,27902,57992,58225</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19927746$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Lucking, Robert</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Huhndorf, Sabine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pfister, Donald H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Plata, Eimy Rivas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lumbsch, H. Thorsten</creatorcontrib><title>Fungi evolved right on track</title><title>Mycologia</title><addtitle>Mycologia</addtitle><description>Dating of fungal divergences with molecular clocks thus far has yielded highly inconsistent results. The origin of fungi was estimated at between 660 million and up to 2.15 billion y ago, and the divergence of the two major lineages of higher fungi, Ascomycota and Basidiomycota, at between 390 million y and up to 1.5 billion y ago. Assuming that these inconsistencies stem from various causes, we reassessed the systematic placement of the most important fungal fossil, Paleopyrenomycites, and recalibrated internally unconstrained, published molecular clock trees by applying uniform calibration points. As a result the origin of fungi was re-estimated at between 760 million and 1.06 billion y ago and the origin of the Ascomycota at 500-650 million y ago. These dates are much more consistent than previous estimates, even if based on the same phylogenies and molecular clock trees, and they are also much better in line with the fossil record of fungi and plants and the ecological interdependence between filamentous fungi and land plants. Our results do not provide evidence to suggest the existence of ancient protolichens as an alternative to explain the ecology of early terrestrial fungi in the absence of land plants.</description><subject>Aerial parts</subject><subject>Ascomycota</subject><subject>Ascomycota - classification</subject><subject>Ascomycota - genetics</subject><subject>Calibration</subject><subject>Ecosystem</subject><subject>Ediacaran</subject><subject>Eurotiomycetes</subject><subject>Evolution</subject><subject>Evolution, Molecular</subject><subject>Fossils</subject><subject>Fungi</subject><subject>Late Proterozoic</subject><subject>Lecanoromycetes</subject><subject>Models, Genetic</subject><subject>Molecular evolution</subject><subject>Molecular Evolution and Systematics</subject><subject>Paleopyrenomycites</subject><subject>Parasitism</subject><subject>Pezizomycotina</subject><subject>Phylogenetics</subject><subject>Phylogeny</subject><subject>protolichens</subject><subject>Sordariomycetes</subject><subject>Time Factors</subject><subject>Vendian</subject><issn>0027-5514</issn><issn>1557-2536</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2009</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kMtKAzEUhoMotlZ9Ai-z0tVo7pelFKtCwYV2HeJMUqdOJzWZqfTtjUyxC8HV4fB_5z_wAXCK4A2RDN9ClUPE98AQMSZyzAjfB0MIscgZQ3QAjmJcpDWl8BAMkFJYCMqH4GzSNfMqs2tfr22ZhWr-3ma-ydpgio9jcOBMHe3Jdo7AbHL_On7Mp88PT-O7aV5QLNvclQ4SJogykGCImEDSUuWsRbwksGSOSWSpkRwWFjtcsFIRyYmk0mDHcEFG4LrvXQX_2dnY6mUVC1vXprG-i1oQiijlVCTy6l8SI4KJUnQHFsHHGKzTq1AtTdhoBPWPMQ2VTsYSeLFt7N6WttxhW0UJOO-BRWx9-M0x5EhhylKO-rxqnA9L8-VDXerWbGofXDBNUUVN_jy97G-c8drMQ0JmL0kdgUhghhQn34BDhVg</recordid><startdate>20091101</startdate><enddate>20091101</enddate><creator>Lucking, Robert</creator><creator>Huhndorf, Sabine</creator><creator>Pfister, Donald H</creator><creator>Plata, Eimy Rivas</creator><creator>Lumbsch, H. 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Thorsten</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c428t-fdf035739a032015718e49fee16d30d5f581e4a860ce2f2c5d93863848a2f52c3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2009</creationdate><topic>Aerial parts</topic><topic>Ascomycota</topic><topic>Ascomycota - classification</topic><topic>Ascomycota - genetics</topic><topic>Calibration</topic><topic>Ecosystem</topic><topic>Ediacaran</topic><topic>Eurotiomycetes</topic><topic>Evolution</topic><topic>Evolution, Molecular</topic><topic>Fossils</topic><topic>Fungi</topic><topic>Late Proterozoic</topic><topic>Lecanoromycetes</topic><topic>Models, Genetic</topic><topic>Molecular evolution</topic><topic>Molecular Evolution and Systematics</topic><topic>Paleopyrenomycites</topic><topic>Parasitism</topic><topic>Pezizomycotina</topic><topic>Phylogenetics</topic><topic>Phylogeny</topic><topic>protolichens</topic><topic>Sordariomycetes</topic><topic>Time Factors</topic><topic>Vendian</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Lucking, Robert</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Huhndorf, Sabine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pfister, Donald H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Plata, Eimy Rivas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lumbsch, H. 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| source | Jstor Complete Legacy; MEDLINE; Alma/SFX Local Collection |
| subjects | Aerial parts Ascomycota Ascomycota - classification Ascomycota - genetics Calibration Ecosystem Ediacaran Eurotiomycetes Evolution Evolution, Molecular Fossils Fungi Late Proterozoic Lecanoromycetes Models, Genetic Molecular evolution Molecular Evolution and Systematics Paleopyrenomycites Parasitism Pezizomycotina Phylogenetics Phylogeny protolichens Sordariomycetes Time Factors Vendian |
| title | Fungi evolved right on track |
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