How depolymerization can promote polymerization: the case of actin and profilin

Rapid polymerization and depolymerization of actin filaments in response to extracellular stimuli is required for normal cell motility and development. Profilin is one of the most important actin-binding proteins; it regulates actin polymerization and interacts with many cytoskeletal proteins that l...

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Veröffentlicht in:BioEssays 2009-11, Vol.31 (11), p.1150-1160
Hauptverfasser: Yarmola, Elena G, Bubb, Michael R
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Bubb, Michael R
description Rapid polymerization and depolymerization of actin filaments in response to extracellular stimuli is required for normal cell motility and development. Profilin is one of the most important actin-binding proteins; it regulates actin polymerization and interacts with many cytoskeletal proteins that link actin to extracellular membrane. The molecular mechanism of profilin has been extensively considered and debated in the literature for over two decades. Here we discuss several accepted hypotheses regarding the mechanism of profilin function as well as new recently emerged possibilities. Thermal noise is routine in molecular world and unsurprisingly, nature has found a way to utilize it. An increasing amount of theoretical and experimental research suggests that fluctuation-based processes play important roles in many cell events. Here we show how a fluctuation-based process of exchange diffusion is involved in the regulation of actin polymerization.
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subjects actin
Actins - chemistry
Actins - physiology
Adenosine Diphosphate - chemistry
Adenosine Triphosphate - chemistry
Animals
ATP hydrolysis
Biochemistry - methods
Cytoskeleton - metabolism
Diffusion
exchange diffusion
fluctuations
Hot Temperature
Humans
Hydrolysis
Kinetics
Models, Biological
profilin
Profilins - chemistry
Profilins - physiology
Stochastic Processes
Thermodynamics
title How depolymerization can promote polymerization: the case of actin and profilin
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