Technical note: The use of a telemetric system to continuously monitor ruminal temperature and to predict ruminal pH in cattle
The objective of this study was to compare a telemetric monitoring system to an existing in situ methodology (conventional system) of monitoring ruminal temperature and to validate its use to detect changes in ruminal pH (RpH). Four nonlactating, ruminally cannulated Holstein dairy cows (760±30kg of...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of dairy science 2009-11, Vol.92 (11), p.5697-5701 |
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| description | The objective of this study was to compare a telemetric monitoring system to an existing in situ methodology (conventional system) of monitoring ruminal temperature and to validate its use to detect changes in ruminal pH (RpH). Four nonlactating, ruminally cannulated Holstein dairy cows (760±30kg of body weight, mean±standard deviation) housed in a tie-stall facility were used in the study. The experiment was conducted during the month of May and the recorded ambient temperature was 8.0±2.0°C (mean±SD). The cows were fed a diet consisting of chopped mixed hay (MH; 11.3% crude protein, 59.7% neutral detergent fiber, 17.3% nonfiber carbohydrate, 3.1% ether extract, and 11.3% ash; dry matter basis) during wk 1 and were gradually switched to a high-grain (HG) diet (11.6% crude protein, 30.2% neutral detergent fiber, 50.7% nonfiber carbohydrate, 3.0% ether extract, and 6.0% ash; dry matter basis) during wk 2. A conventional system that utilized an indwelling electrode was used to monitor RpH and ruminal temperature (RTC) during d 6 and 7 of each week. The indwelling electrode was attached to a telemetric bolus and ruminal temperature (RTT) was logged into a personal computer. The daily mean, minimum, and maximum RpH and duration (min/d) RpH 38.6°C. These increases were not detectable with the telemetric system. Ruminal temperature obtained by the conventional system was 0.68°C±0.005 lower than RTT during MH feeding (wk 1), whereas RTC was 0.04°C±0.004 higher than RTT during HG feeding (wk 2). Daily minimum RpH was associated with maximum daily RTC and RTT during MH and HG feeding (R2=0.88 and 0.43, respectively). There was a high association between low RpH and high ruminal temperature, with the highest associations being between duration (min/d) of RpH 39.0°C (R2=0.68) and RTT >39.2°C (R2=0.72). Unlike the telemetric system, the conventional sys |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3168/jds.2009-2220 |
| format | Article |
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Four nonlactating, ruminally cannulated Holstein dairy cows (760±30kg of body weight, mean±standard deviation) housed in a tie-stall facility were used in the study. The experiment was conducted during the month of May and the recorded ambient temperature was 8.0±2.0°C (mean±SD). The cows were fed a diet consisting of chopped mixed hay (MH; 11.3% crude protein, 59.7% neutral detergent fiber, 17.3% nonfiber carbohydrate, 3.1% ether extract, and 11.3% ash; dry matter basis) during wk 1 and were gradually switched to a high-grain (HG) diet (11.6% crude protein, 30.2% neutral detergent fiber, 50.7% nonfiber carbohydrate, 3.0% ether extract, and 6.0% ash; dry matter basis) during wk 2. A conventional system that utilized an indwelling electrode was used to monitor RpH and ruminal temperature (RTC) during d 6 and 7 of each week. The indwelling electrode was attached to a telemetric bolus and ruminal temperature (RTT) was logged into a personal computer. The daily mean, minimum, and maximum RpH and duration (min/d) RpH <6.2 were 6.39±0.04, 6.10±0.05, 6.66±0.03, and 107±50 during MH feeding (wk 1) and 5.84±0.03, 5.35±0.05, 6.35±0.03, and 1,257±40 during HG feeding (wk 2), respectively, and were different across diets (week effect). Ruminal pH did not decrease below 5.6, 5.8, and 6.0 during MH feeding; mean duration of RpH <5.6, <5.8, and <6.0 during HG feeding was 279±149, 611±139, and 894±101, respectively. Mean daily RTC increased from 37.5̊C±0.1 in wk 1 to 38.6°C±0.1 in wk 2; there was also an increase from wk 1 to wk 2 in minimum and maximum daily RTC and durations (min/d) of RTC >38.0, >38.2, >38.4, and >38.6°C. These increases were not detectable with the telemetric system. Ruminal temperature obtained by the conventional system was 0.68°C±0.005 lower than RTT during MH feeding (wk 1), whereas RTC was 0.04°C±0.004 higher than RTT during HG feeding (wk 2). Daily minimum RpH was associated with maximum daily RTC and RTT during MH and HG feeding (R2=0.88 and 0.43, respectively). There was a high association between low RpH and high ruminal temperature, with the highest associations being between duration (min/d) of RpH <6.0 and duration of RTC >39.0°C (R2=0.68) and RTT >39.2°C (R2=0.72). Unlike the telemetric system, the conventional system requires cow cannulation; therefore, the current study provided a noninvasive alternative for measuring ruminal temperature and the prediction of RpH. Additional studies are needed to develop an algorithm that accounts for diet type, seasonal variation in temperature, and core body temperature to predict subacute ruminal acidosis effectively on farm.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0022-0302</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1525-3198</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3168/jds.2009-2220</identifier><identifier>PMID: 19841229</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JDSCAE</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>New York, NY: Elsevier Inc</publisher><subject>Animal productions ; Animals ; Biological and medical sciences ; Cattle ; cow feeding ; Dairying - instrumentation ; Dairying - methods ; equipment performance ; experimental diets ; Female ; Food industries ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Least-Squares Analysis ; Milk and cheese industries. Ice creams ; monitoring ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Reproducibility of Results ; rumen ; Rumen - chemistry ; ruminal pH ; ruminal temperature ; ruminant nutrition ; telemetric system ; telemetry ; Telemetry - veterinary ; Temperature ; Terrestrial animal productions ; Vertebrates</subject><ispartof>Journal of dairy science, 2009-11, Vol.92 (11), p.5697-5701</ispartof><rights>2009 American Dairy Science Association</rights><rights>2009 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright American Dairy Science Association Nov 2009</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4730-62b020ab0ecb8233f46e1a6a4129aff962595b52233fc17894da8e2f42d376f33</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4730-62b020ab0ecb8233f46e1a6a4129aff962595b52233fc17894da8e2f42d376f33</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.2009-2220$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,3550,27924,27925,45995</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=22069276$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19841229$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>AlZahal, O.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Steele, M.A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Valdes, E.V.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>McBride, B.W.</creatorcontrib><title>Technical note: The use of a telemetric system to continuously monitor ruminal temperature and to predict ruminal pH in cattle</title><title>Journal of dairy science</title><addtitle>J Dairy Sci</addtitle><description>The objective of this study was to compare a telemetric monitoring system to an existing in situ methodology (conventional system) of monitoring ruminal temperature and to validate its use to detect changes in ruminal pH (RpH). Four nonlactating, ruminally cannulated Holstein dairy cows (760±30kg of body weight, mean±standard deviation) housed in a tie-stall facility were used in the study. The experiment was conducted during the month of May and the recorded ambient temperature was 8.0±2.0°C (mean±SD). The cows were fed a diet consisting of chopped mixed hay (MH; 11.3% crude protein, 59.7% neutral detergent fiber, 17.3% nonfiber carbohydrate, 3.1% ether extract, and 11.3% ash; dry matter basis) during wk 1 and were gradually switched to a high-grain (HG) diet (11.6% crude protein, 30.2% neutral detergent fiber, 50.7% nonfiber carbohydrate, 3.0% ether extract, and 6.0% ash; dry matter basis) during wk 2. A conventional system that utilized an indwelling electrode was used to monitor RpH and ruminal temperature (RTC) during d 6 and 7 of each week. The indwelling electrode was attached to a telemetric bolus and ruminal temperature (RTT) was logged into a personal computer. The daily mean, minimum, and maximum RpH and duration (min/d) RpH <6.2 were 6.39±0.04, 6.10±0.05, 6.66±0.03, and 107±50 during MH feeding (wk 1) and 5.84±0.03, 5.35±0.05, 6.35±0.03, and 1,257±40 during HG feeding (wk 2), respectively, and were different across diets (week effect). Ruminal pH did not decrease below 5.6, 5.8, and 6.0 during MH feeding; mean duration of RpH <5.6, <5.8, and <6.0 during HG feeding was 279±149, 611±139, and 894±101, respectively. Mean daily RTC increased from 37.5̊C±0.1 in wk 1 to 38.6°C±0.1 in wk 2; there was also an increase from wk 1 to wk 2 in minimum and maximum daily RTC and durations (min/d) of RTC >38.0, >38.2, >38.4, and >38.6°C. These increases were not detectable with the telemetric system. Ruminal temperature obtained by the conventional system was 0.68°C±0.005 lower than RTT during MH feeding (wk 1), whereas RTC was 0.04°C±0.004 higher than RTT during HG feeding (wk 2). Daily minimum RpH was associated with maximum daily RTC and RTT during MH and HG feeding (R2=0.88 and 0.43, respectively). There was a high association between low RpH and high ruminal temperature, with the highest associations being between duration (min/d) of RpH <6.0 and duration of RTC >39.0°C (R2=0.68) and RTT >39.2°C (R2=0.72). Unlike the telemetric system, the conventional system requires cow cannulation; therefore, the current study provided a noninvasive alternative for measuring ruminal temperature and the prediction of RpH. Additional studies are needed to develop an algorithm that accounts for diet type, seasonal variation in temperature, and core body temperature to predict subacute ruminal acidosis effectively on farm.</description><subject>Animal productions</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Cattle</subject><subject>cow feeding</subject><subject>Dairying - instrumentation</subject><subject>Dairying - methods</subject><subject>equipment performance</subject><subject>experimental diets</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Food industries</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Hydrogen-Ion Concentration</subject><subject>Least-Squares Analysis</subject><subject>Milk and cheese industries. Ice creams</subject><subject>monitoring</subject><subject>Predictive Value of Tests</subject><subject>Reproducibility of Results</subject><subject>rumen</subject><subject>Rumen - chemistry</subject><subject>ruminal pH</subject><subject>ruminal temperature</subject><subject>ruminant nutrition</subject><subject>telemetric system</subject><subject>telemetry</subject><subject>Telemetry - veterinary</subject><subject>Temperature</subject><subject>Terrestrial animal productions</subject><subject>Vertebrates</subject><issn>0022-0302</issn><issn>1525-3198</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2009</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNp10cGL1DAUBvAiijuuHr1qEMRT1-SlaZu9ybK6woIHZ88hTV93MrRJTVJlLvu3mzLDLgieQsiPL3n5iuItoxec1e3nfR8vgFJZAgB9VmyYAFFyJtvnxYZSgJJyCmfFqxj3ecuAipfFWT6uGIDcFA9bNDtnjR6J8wkvyXaHZIlI_EA0STjihClYQ-IhJpxI8sR4l6xb_BLHA5m8s8kHEpbJuhySzYxBpyUg0a5f_RywtyY9kvmGWEeMTmnE18WLQY8R35zW8-Lu6_X26qa8_fHt-9WX29JUDadlDR0FqjuKpmuB86Gqkela5yGkHgZZg5CiE7AeGda0sup1izBU0POmHjg_Lz4dc-fgfy0Yk5psNDiO2mEeRDW8ohIkFVl--Efu_RLyu6NiUrRMtA3NqDwiE3yMAQc1BzvpcFCMqrUWlWtRay1qrSX7d6fQpZuwf9KnHjL4eAI65i6GoJ2x8dHljFpCUz_NsbP3uz82oIqTHsccy9YrJSjGlKhlk-X7oxy0V_o-5LS7n0AZp6yWlZAsi-YoMH_8b4tBRWPRmdxWQJNU7-1_xvkLhVG-xQ</recordid><startdate>200911</startdate><enddate>200911</enddate><creator>AlZahal, O.</creator><creator>Steele, M.A.</creator><creator>Valdes, E.V.</creator><creator>McBride, B.W.</creator><general>Elsevier Inc</general><general>American Dairy Science Association</general><general>Am Dairy Sci Assoc</general><general>Elsevier</general><scope>6I.</scope><scope>AAFTH</scope><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>S0X</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>200911</creationdate><title>Technical note: The use of a telemetric system to continuously monitor ruminal temperature and to predict ruminal pH in cattle</title><author>AlZahal, O. ; Steele, M.A. ; Valdes, E.V. ; McBride, B.W.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c4730-62b020ab0ecb8233f46e1a6a4129aff962595b52233fc17894da8e2f42d376f33</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2009</creationdate><topic>Animal productions</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Cattle</topic><topic>cow feeding</topic><topic>Dairying - instrumentation</topic><topic>Dairying - methods</topic><topic>equipment performance</topic><topic>experimental diets</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Food industries</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>Hydrogen-Ion Concentration</topic><topic>Least-Squares Analysis</topic><topic>Milk and cheese industries. Ice creams</topic><topic>monitoring</topic><topic>Predictive Value of Tests</topic><topic>Reproducibility of Results</topic><topic>rumen</topic><topic>Rumen - chemistry</topic><topic>ruminal pH</topic><topic>ruminal temperature</topic><topic>ruminant nutrition</topic><topic>telemetric system</topic><topic>telemetry</topic><topic>Telemetry - veterinary</topic><topic>Temperature</topic><topic>Terrestrial animal productions</topic><topic>Vertebrates</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>AlZahal, O.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Steele, M.A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Valdes, E.V.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>McBride, B.W.</creatorcontrib><collection>ScienceDirect Open Access Titles</collection><collection>Elsevier:ScienceDirect:Open Access</collection><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Materials Science & Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Engineering Collection</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Database</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Engineering Database</collection><collection>Environmental Science Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>Engineering Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>SIRS Editorial</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Journal of dairy science</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>AlZahal, O.</au><au>Steele, M.A.</au><au>Valdes, E.V.</au><au>McBride, B.W.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Technical note: The use of a telemetric system to continuously monitor ruminal temperature and to predict ruminal pH in cattle</atitle><jtitle>Journal of dairy science</jtitle><addtitle>J Dairy Sci</addtitle><date>2009-11</date><risdate>2009</risdate><volume>92</volume><issue>11</issue><spage>5697</spage><epage>5701</epage><pages>5697-5701</pages><issn>0022-0302</issn><eissn>1525-3198</eissn><coden>JDSCAE</coden><abstract>The objective of this study was to compare a telemetric monitoring system to an existing in situ methodology (conventional system) of monitoring ruminal temperature and to validate its use to detect changes in ruminal pH (RpH). Four nonlactating, ruminally cannulated Holstein dairy cows (760±30kg of body weight, mean±standard deviation) housed in a tie-stall facility were used in the study. The experiment was conducted during the month of May and the recorded ambient temperature was 8.0±2.0°C (mean±SD). The cows were fed a diet consisting of chopped mixed hay (MH; 11.3% crude protein, 59.7% neutral detergent fiber, 17.3% nonfiber carbohydrate, 3.1% ether extract, and 11.3% ash; dry matter basis) during wk 1 and were gradually switched to a high-grain (HG) diet (11.6% crude protein, 30.2% neutral detergent fiber, 50.7% nonfiber carbohydrate, 3.0% ether extract, and 6.0% ash; dry matter basis) during wk 2. A conventional system that utilized an indwelling electrode was used to monitor RpH and ruminal temperature (RTC) during d 6 and 7 of each week. The indwelling electrode was attached to a telemetric bolus and ruminal temperature (RTT) was logged into a personal computer. The daily mean, minimum, and maximum RpH and duration (min/d) RpH <6.2 were 6.39±0.04, 6.10±0.05, 6.66±0.03, and 107±50 during MH feeding (wk 1) and 5.84±0.03, 5.35±0.05, 6.35±0.03, and 1,257±40 during HG feeding (wk 2), respectively, and were different across diets (week effect). Ruminal pH did not decrease below 5.6, 5.8, and 6.0 during MH feeding; mean duration of RpH <5.6, <5.8, and <6.0 during HG feeding was 279±149, 611±139, and 894±101, respectively. Mean daily RTC increased from 37.5̊C±0.1 in wk 1 to 38.6°C±0.1 in wk 2; there was also an increase from wk 1 to wk 2 in minimum and maximum daily RTC and durations (min/d) of RTC >38.0, >38.2, >38.4, and >38.6°C. These increases were not detectable with the telemetric system. Ruminal temperature obtained by the conventional system was 0.68°C±0.005 lower than RTT during MH feeding (wk 1), whereas RTC was 0.04°C±0.004 higher than RTT during HG feeding (wk 2). Daily minimum RpH was associated with maximum daily RTC and RTT during MH and HG feeding (R2=0.88 and 0.43, respectively). There was a high association between low RpH and high ruminal temperature, with the highest associations being between duration (min/d) of RpH <6.0 and duration of RTC >39.0°C (R2=0.68) and RTT >39.2°C (R2=0.72). Unlike the telemetric system, the conventional system requires cow cannulation; therefore, the current study provided a noninvasive alternative for measuring ruminal temperature and the prediction of RpH. Additional studies are needed to develop an algorithm that accounts for diet type, seasonal variation in temperature, and core body temperature to predict subacute ruminal acidosis effectively on farm.</abstract><cop>New York, NY</cop><pub>Elsevier Inc</pub><pmid>19841229</pmid><doi>10.3168/jds.2009-2220</doi><tpages>5</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| identifier | ISSN: 0022-0302 |
| ispartof | Journal of dairy science, 2009-11, Vol.92 (11), p.5697-5701 |
| issn | 0022-0302 1525-3198 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_734092905 |
| source | MEDLINE; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; ScienceDirect Journals (5 years ago - present) |
| subjects | Animal productions Animals Biological and medical sciences Cattle cow feeding Dairying - instrumentation Dairying - methods equipment performance experimental diets Female Food industries Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Hydrogen-Ion Concentration Least-Squares Analysis Milk and cheese industries. Ice creams monitoring Predictive Value of Tests Reproducibility of Results rumen Rumen - chemistry ruminal pH ruminal temperature ruminant nutrition telemetric system telemetry Telemetry - veterinary Temperature Terrestrial animal productions Vertebrates |
| title | Technical note: The use of a telemetric system to continuously monitor ruminal temperature and to predict ruminal pH in cattle |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-06T18%3A22%3A24IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_cross&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Technical%20note:%20The%20use%20of%20a%20telemetric%20system%20to%20continuously%20monitor%20ruminal%20temperature%20and%20to%20predict%20ruminal%20pH%20in%20cattle&rft.jtitle=Journal%20of%20dairy%20science&rft.au=AlZahal,%20O.&rft.date=2009-11&rft.volume=92&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=5697&rft.epage=5701&rft.pages=5697-5701&rft.issn=0022-0302&rft.eissn=1525-3198&rft.coden=JDSCAE&rft_id=info:doi/10.3168/jds.2009-2220&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_cross%3E1897122931%3C/proquest_cross%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=195815870&rft_id=info:pmid/19841229&rft_els_id=S0022030209709014&rfr_iscdi=true |