Determination of formaldehyde in formaldehyde-releaser patch test preparations
Background: Positive patch test reactions to formaldehyde‐releasers in patients co‐reacting to formaldehyde are often ascribed to formaldehyde allergy. However, the formaldehyde content of patch test materials has not been investigated. Objectives: To demonstrate and quantify free formaldehyde in co...
Gespeichert in:
| Veröffentlicht in: | Contact dermatitis 2010-08, Vol.63 (2), p.57-62 |
|---|---|
| Hauptverfasser: | , , |
| Format: | Artikel |
| Sprache: | eng |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Volltext |
| Tags: |
Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
|
| container_end_page | 62 |
|---|---|
| container_issue | 2 |
| container_start_page | 57 |
| container_title | Contact dermatitis |
| container_volume | 63 |
| creator | Emeis, Detlef De Groot, Anton C. Brinkmann, Jürgen |
| description | Background: Positive patch test reactions to formaldehyde‐releasers in patients co‐reacting to formaldehyde are often ascribed to formaldehyde allergy. However, the formaldehyde content of patch test materials has not been investigated.
Objectives: To demonstrate and quantify free formaldehyde in commercial patch test materials and in prepared aqueous solutions of formaldehyde releasers.
Materials: Free formaldehyde was measured by 13C NMR Spectroscopy in (i) all formaldehyde‐releasers in water available from Chemotechnique® and Brial®, (ii) 5 releasers in petrolatum, (iii) 12 prepared aqueous solutions of formaldehyde‐releasers and (iv) water that had been in contact with petrolatum test samples.
Results: In none of the five petrolatum test substances was free formaldehyde found. In all nine commercial aqueous patch test substances and 9 of the 12 prepared solutions, free formaldehyde was demonstrated with concentrations ranging from 0.019% to 0.37% (detection limit 0.01%). Contact of the petrolatum test samples with water resulted in the release of formaldehyde.
Conclusions: Most aqueous solutions of formaldehyde‐releasers contain free formaldehyde. Petrolatum‐based patch test materials with formaldehyde‐releasers do not contain free formaldehyde, but probably start releasing it upon contact with water. Therefore, in future studies, determination of free and releasable formaldehyde may be preferable. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1111/j.1600-0536.2010.01708.x |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_733983581</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>733983581</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4648-2907ddd83d90e688c7a1ccf49ca300a78f014605033e4e6643de31fb977ac6633</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqNkEtPGzEURi3UCkLav4BGQlVXk16P3wsWEAqthGDTqkvLeO6ISeeFPVGTf18PCanaVb3x455jX3-EZBQWNI1PqwWVADkIJhcFpFOgCvRic0Rmh8IbMksVkVOt2Ak5jXEFQCUv9DE5KUAWRio6I_fXOGJo686Ndd9lfZVVfWhdU-LTtsSs7v7a5wEbdBFDNrjRP2UjxjEbAg4uvPjxHXlbuSbi-_08J99vPn9bfsnvHm6_Li_vcs8l13lhQJVlqVlpAKXWXjnqfcWNdwzAKV0B5RIEMIYcpeSsREarR6OU81IyNicfd_cOoX9epy5sW0ePTeM67NfRKsaMZkLTRJ7_Q676dehSc5YKLowqBJsovaN86GMMWNkh1K0LW0vBTpHblZ2StVOydorcvkRuN0k92z-wfmyxPIivGSfgwx5w0bumCq7zdfzDFUZzkb44Jxc77lfd4Pa_G7DLh-tplfx859dxxM3Bd-GnlYopYX_c31ptzJUQzFjKfgNtxaoK</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>1545972531</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Determination of formaldehyde in formaldehyde-releaser patch test preparations</title><source>Wiley Online Library - AutoHoldings Journals</source><source>MEDLINE</source><creator>Emeis, Detlef ; De Groot, Anton C. ; Brinkmann, Jürgen</creator><creatorcontrib>Emeis, Detlef ; De Groot, Anton C. ; Brinkmann, Jürgen</creatorcontrib><description>Background: Positive patch test reactions to formaldehyde‐releasers in patients co‐reacting to formaldehyde are often ascribed to formaldehyde allergy. However, the formaldehyde content of patch test materials has not been investigated.
Objectives: To demonstrate and quantify free formaldehyde in commercial patch test materials and in prepared aqueous solutions of formaldehyde releasers.
Materials: Free formaldehyde was measured by 13C NMR Spectroscopy in (i) all formaldehyde‐releasers in water available from Chemotechnique® and Brial®, (ii) 5 releasers in petrolatum, (iii) 12 prepared aqueous solutions of formaldehyde‐releasers and (iv) water that had been in contact with petrolatum test samples.
Results: In none of the five petrolatum test substances was free formaldehyde found. In all nine commercial aqueous patch test substances and 9 of the 12 prepared solutions, free formaldehyde was demonstrated with concentrations ranging from 0.019% to 0.37% (detection limit 0.01%). Contact of the petrolatum test samples with water resulted in the release of formaldehyde.
Conclusions: Most aqueous solutions of formaldehyde‐releasers contain free formaldehyde. Petrolatum‐based patch test materials with formaldehyde‐releasers do not contain free formaldehyde, but probably start releasing it upon contact with water. Therefore, in future studies, determination of free and releasable formaldehyde may be preferable.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0105-1873</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1600-0536</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0536.2010.01708.x</identifier><identifier>PMID: 20629671</identifier><identifier>CODEN: CODEDG</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><subject>13C NMR spectroscopy ; Aldehydes ; Allergic diseases ; analysis ; Aqueous solutions ; Biological and medical sciences ; Dermatitis, Allergic Contact - diagnosis ; Dermatitis, Allergic Contact - etiology ; equilibrium ; formaldehyde ; Formaldehyde - analysis ; Formaldehyde - toxicity ; formaldehyde-releaser ; free formaldehyde ; Humans ; Hydantoins - chemistry ; Immunopathology ; Medical sciences ; patch test material ; Patch Tests - standards ; Petrolatum - chemistry ; releasable formaldehyde ; Skin allergic diseases. Stinging insect allergies</subject><ispartof>Contact dermatitis, 2010-08, Vol.63 (2), p.57-62</ispartof><rights>2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S</rights><rights>2015 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4648-2907ddd83d90e688c7a1ccf49ca300a78f014605033e4e6643de31fb977ac6633</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4648-2907ddd83d90e688c7a1ccf49ca300a78f014605033e4e6643de31fb977ac6633</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111%2Fj.1600-0536.2010.01708.x$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111%2Fj.1600-0536.2010.01708.x$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,1411,27903,27904,45553,45554</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=22984564$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20629671$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Emeis, Detlef</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>De Groot, Anton C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brinkmann, Jürgen</creatorcontrib><title>Determination of formaldehyde in formaldehyde-releaser patch test preparations</title><title>Contact dermatitis</title><addtitle>Contact Dermatitis</addtitle><description>Background: Positive patch test reactions to formaldehyde‐releasers in patients co‐reacting to formaldehyde are often ascribed to formaldehyde allergy. However, the formaldehyde content of patch test materials has not been investigated.
Objectives: To demonstrate and quantify free formaldehyde in commercial patch test materials and in prepared aqueous solutions of formaldehyde releasers.
Materials: Free formaldehyde was measured by 13C NMR Spectroscopy in (i) all formaldehyde‐releasers in water available from Chemotechnique® and Brial®, (ii) 5 releasers in petrolatum, (iii) 12 prepared aqueous solutions of formaldehyde‐releasers and (iv) water that had been in contact with petrolatum test samples.
Results: In none of the five petrolatum test substances was free formaldehyde found. In all nine commercial aqueous patch test substances and 9 of the 12 prepared solutions, free formaldehyde was demonstrated with concentrations ranging from 0.019% to 0.37% (detection limit 0.01%). Contact of the petrolatum test samples with water resulted in the release of formaldehyde.
Conclusions: Most aqueous solutions of formaldehyde‐releasers contain free formaldehyde. Petrolatum‐based patch test materials with formaldehyde‐releasers do not contain free formaldehyde, but probably start releasing it upon contact with water. Therefore, in future studies, determination of free and releasable formaldehyde may be preferable.</description><subject>13C NMR spectroscopy</subject><subject>Aldehydes</subject><subject>Allergic diseases</subject><subject>analysis</subject><subject>Aqueous solutions</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Dermatitis, Allergic Contact - diagnosis</subject><subject>Dermatitis, Allergic Contact - etiology</subject><subject>equilibrium</subject><subject>formaldehyde</subject><subject>Formaldehyde - analysis</subject><subject>Formaldehyde - toxicity</subject><subject>formaldehyde-releaser</subject><subject>free formaldehyde</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Hydantoins - chemistry</subject><subject>Immunopathology</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>patch test material</subject><subject>Patch Tests - standards</subject><subject>Petrolatum - chemistry</subject><subject>releasable formaldehyde</subject><subject>Skin allergic diseases. Stinging insect allergies</subject><issn>0105-1873</issn><issn>1600-0536</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2010</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkEtPGzEURi3UCkLav4BGQlVXk16P3wsWEAqthGDTqkvLeO6ISeeFPVGTf18PCanaVb3x455jX3-EZBQWNI1PqwWVADkIJhcFpFOgCvRic0Rmh8IbMksVkVOt2Ak5jXEFQCUv9DE5KUAWRio6I_fXOGJo686Ndd9lfZVVfWhdU-LTtsSs7v7a5wEbdBFDNrjRP2UjxjEbAg4uvPjxHXlbuSbi-_08J99vPn9bfsnvHm6_Li_vcs8l13lhQJVlqVlpAKXWXjnqfcWNdwzAKV0B5RIEMIYcpeSsREarR6OU81IyNicfd_cOoX9epy5sW0ePTeM67NfRKsaMZkLTRJ7_Q676dehSc5YKLowqBJsovaN86GMMWNkh1K0LW0vBTpHblZ2StVOydorcvkRuN0k92z-wfmyxPIivGSfgwx5w0bumCq7zdfzDFUZzkb44Jxc77lfd4Pa_G7DLh-tplfx859dxxM3Bd-GnlYopYX_c31ptzJUQzFjKfgNtxaoK</recordid><startdate>201008</startdate><enddate>201008</enddate><creator>Emeis, Detlef</creator><creator>De Groot, Anton C.</creator><creator>Brinkmann, Jürgen</creator><general>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</general><general>Blackwell</general><general>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>201008</creationdate><title>Determination of formaldehyde in formaldehyde-releaser patch test preparations</title><author>Emeis, Detlef ; De Groot, Anton C. ; Brinkmann, Jürgen</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c4648-2907ddd83d90e688c7a1ccf49ca300a78f014605033e4e6643de31fb977ac6633</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2010</creationdate><topic>13C NMR spectroscopy</topic><topic>Aldehydes</topic><topic>Allergic diseases</topic><topic>analysis</topic><topic>Aqueous solutions</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Dermatitis, Allergic Contact - diagnosis</topic><topic>Dermatitis, Allergic Contact - etiology</topic><topic>equilibrium</topic><topic>formaldehyde</topic><topic>Formaldehyde - analysis</topic><topic>Formaldehyde - toxicity</topic><topic>formaldehyde-releaser</topic><topic>free formaldehyde</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Hydantoins - chemistry</topic><topic>Immunopathology</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>patch test material</topic><topic>Patch Tests - standards</topic><topic>Petrolatum - chemistry</topic><topic>releasable formaldehyde</topic><topic>Skin allergic diseases. Stinging insect allergies</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Emeis, Detlef</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>De Groot, Anton C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brinkmann, Jürgen</creatorcontrib><collection>Istex</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Contact dermatitis</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Emeis, Detlef</au><au>De Groot, Anton C.</au><au>Brinkmann, Jürgen</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Determination of formaldehyde in formaldehyde-releaser patch test preparations</atitle><jtitle>Contact dermatitis</jtitle><addtitle>Contact Dermatitis</addtitle><date>2010-08</date><risdate>2010</risdate><volume>63</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>57</spage><epage>62</epage><pages>57-62</pages><issn>0105-1873</issn><eissn>1600-0536</eissn><coden>CODEDG</coden><abstract>Background: Positive patch test reactions to formaldehyde‐releasers in patients co‐reacting to formaldehyde are often ascribed to formaldehyde allergy. However, the formaldehyde content of patch test materials has not been investigated.
Objectives: To demonstrate and quantify free formaldehyde in commercial patch test materials and in prepared aqueous solutions of formaldehyde releasers.
Materials: Free formaldehyde was measured by 13C NMR Spectroscopy in (i) all formaldehyde‐releasers in water available from Chemotechnique® and Brial®, (ii) 5 releasers in petrolatum, (iii) 12 prepared aqueous solutions of formaldehyde‐releasers and (iv) water that had been in contact with petrolatum test samples.
Results: In none of the five petrolatum test substances was free formaldehyde found. In all nine commercial aqueous patch test substances and 9 of the 12 prepared solutions, free formaldehyde was demonstrated with concentrations ranging from 0.019% to 0.37% (detection limit 0.01%). Contact of the petrolatum test samples with water resulted in the release of formaldehyde.
Conclusions: Most aqueous solutions of formaldehyde‐releasers contain free formaldehyde. Petrolatum‐based patch test materials with formaldehyde‐releasers do not contain free formaldehyde, but probably start releasing it upon contact with water. Therefore, in future studies, determination of free and releasable formaldehyde may be preferable.</abstract><cop>Oxford, UK</cop><pub>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</pub><pmid>20629671</pmid><doi>10.1111/j.1600-0536.2010.01708.x</doi><tpages>6</tpages></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0105-1873 |
| ispartof | Contact dermatitis, 2010-08, Vol.63 (2), p.57-62 |
| issn | 0105-1873 1600-0536 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_733983581 |
| source | Wiley Online Library - AutoHoldings Journals; MEDLINE |
| subjects | 13C NMR spectroscopy Aldehydes Allergic diseases analysis Aqueous solutions Biological and medical sciences Dermatitis, Allergic Contact - diagnosis Dermatitis, Allergic Contact - etiology equilibrium formaldehyde Formaldehyde - analysis Formaldehyde - toxicity formaldehyde-releaser free formaldehyde Humans Hydantoins - chemistry Immunopathology Medical sciences patch test material Patch Tests - standards Petrolatum - chemistry releasable formaldehyde Skin allergic diseases. Stinging insect allergies |
| title | Determination of formaldehyde in formaldehyde-releaser patch test preparations |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-22T03%3A47%3A12IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_cross&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Determination%20of%20formaldehyde%20in%20formaldehyde-releaser%20patch%20test%20preparations&rft.jtitle=Contact%20dermatitis&rft.au=Emeis,%20Detlef&rft.date=2010-08&rft.volume=63&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=57&rft.epage=62&rft.pages=57-62&rft.issn=0105-1873&rft.eissn=1600-0536&rft.coden=CODEDG&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111/j.1600-0536.2010.01708.x&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_cross%3E733983581%3C/proquest_cross%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=1545972531&rft_id=info:pmid/20629671&rfr_iscdi=true |